QUESTIONS 1
1. Which is the system of chemical mediation that is used when
substances like pheromones are released into the environment?
a. Intracrine mediation.
b. Endocrine mediation.
c. Ectocrine mediation.
d. Paracrine mediation.
2. Explain briefly what hormones are and its classes.
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands and
they’re released to the bloodstream. Hormones act on target cells
modifying their rate, but not its functions. These target cells have
hormone receptors that are specific binding sites which interact with a
particular hormone (or class of hormones). They do not determine
behavior.
There are 4 classes of hormones: water soluble (proteins or small
peptides), lipid-soluble (steroid hormones), monoamines
(catecholamines) and lipid-based (prostaglandins).
3. Name the major endocrine glands in humans.
Hypothalamus, pineal gland, pituitary gland (hormones can be produced
in the anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary), thyroid, adrenal glands
(hormones can be produced in adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla),
pancreas, gut and gonads (testes/ovaries).
4. Which of these are hormones produced in the anterior pituitary?
a. THR
b. Gonadotropins
c. Oxytocin
d. Testosterone
5. Explain briefly what negative feedback and positive feedback
means.
Negative feedback occurs when the rate of the process decreases as the
concentration of the product increases (the more the less ). On the other
hand, positive feedback occurs when the rate of a process increases as
the concentration of the product increases (the more the more).
6. What are the main reasons for changes in hormone levels?
a. Circadian rhythm and stress.
b. Nutrition.
