¡Descarga English Reinforcement Workbook: Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension Exercises y más Ejercicios en PDF de Inglés solo en Docsity!
CUADERNILLO DE REFUERZO
CONTENIDOS
DE
1º BACHILLERATO
INGLÉS
BASADO EN EL MÉTODO
“MAKE THE GRADE”
EDITORIAL BURLINGTON
NOMBRE DEL ALUMNO/A: ______________________________________________
CURSO ACTUAL: ______________________________________________________
PROFESOR EN 1 º BTO: _________________________________________________
PROFESOR ACTUAL: ___________________________________________________
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 Why does the writer mention the word “fo’shizzle”? a It is a word that nobody understands. b It has always appeared in the dictionary. c It is a new word in the dictionary. 2 Slang is mentioned in the article because it is ........... a a bad way of speaking English b a reason for adding new words to the dictionary c a new word in the dictionary
2 Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Find evidence in the text to support your answers.
1 At first, people did not realise that the OED would take so long to complete. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 In 1989, libraries could not afford the new version of the OED. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Complete the sentences.
1 In the 19th century, an English-language dictionary was needed because ........................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 The development of the CD-ROM that contains the entire OED made it possible ....................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Do you know what the words “e-cigarette”, “voluntourism” and “fo’shizzle” mean? If you don’t, there is little point in looking them up in the dictionary you have been using for years because these words are recent additions to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED). The idea of compiling a comprehensive dictionary was suggested in 1857 by members of the Philological Society of London. However, it was too much work, and in 1879 the work was taken over by Oxford University. It was thought that it would only take ten years to complete, but the first volume was only finished in 1884. The tenth and final volume came out in 1928. The dictionary had taken much longer to complete than people thought it would because the English language is always changing. Over the course of the 20th century, the OED continued to grow until it was published as a 20-volume work in 1989. Unlike libraries, most people could not afford or find the space on their bookshelves for the entire set, but technology came to the rescue a few years later when the whole of the OED was released as a CD-ROM in 1992. Today, the whole dictionary can be found online. A language is constantly developing, so a dictionary needs to reflect this. Technological developments are the reason for many of the new words. Thirty years ago, no one would have known what a “smartphone” or a “selfie” was, for instance. Furthermore, words can take on new meanings. In the past, a mouse meant a small animal. Today, most of us have one on our desk. An “e-cigarette” is the name that has been given to the electronic device that is used by smokers as a way of getting the effect of smoking without using real cigarettes. New words are often invented by combining two existing words, such as “voluntourism”, which is when tourists spend time doing voluntary work. And of course, there is slang, which is constantly changing. So for the record, “fo’shizzle” in hip-hop slang simply means “for sure”. I II III IV
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 MEDi ........... a gives treatment to the kids in hospital b cures children of their illnesses c makes friends with the children 2 Why does the writer mention the Broward Health Children’s Hospital? a Because it is where MEDi was invented. b Because it is in Florida. c Because it is a hospital where MEDi is used.
2 The following statements are false. Correct them according to the information given in the text.
1 All American hospitals have begun to use MEDi to help them to treat child patients. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 MEDi helped Tommy to focus on his pain. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Answer the questions.
1 Why was MEDi able to greet Tommy by name when it met him? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 How does MEDi help the hospital staff? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Hospital can be a frightening place for children who need to spend time there. For many, it may be the first time that they have to sleep away from home. They may not like the taste of the medicines, and injections can scare them. In addition, younger kids may not understand what is going on and why they have to be hospitalised. To solve this problem, several hospitals in the United States are using a little blue-and-white robot called MEDi, which stands for Medicine and Engineering Design Intelligence. The robot has been a huge success in the hospitals that have started using it, for example, the Broward Health Children’s Hospital in Florida. Dr Patricia Rowe-King, who works there, says that MEDi can be the children’s friend and teacher. It tells them what to expect when they are getting an injection or receiving treatment. In addition, MEDi is bilingual – it speaks English and Spanish. This is important in areas where Spanish is the main language. However, its chief task is to make friends with the youngest patients. For example Tommy, a four-year-old cancer patient, became close friends with MEDi in hospital. It helped to distract Tommy’s attention when the nurses were taking blood from him so that he did not notice the pain. Then, they could sing, dance or play together. MEDi has facial recognition software and greets each child by his or her name. Tommy's face lit up when the robot would call his name. Tommy had to spend a long time in hospital receiving treatments. This was also a very demanding time for his worried parents. However, thanks to MEDi, Tommy felt less frightened in hospital. Tommy’s mother said that at first there were many bad days and they began to lose hope. “MEDi took away the fear of being here,” she said. Dr Hector Rodriguez-Cortes, Tommy’s doctor, explained that when the robot helps the patient, it helps the hospital staff as well. Dr Rodriguez-Cortes said that the robot calmed the children down so that the nurses could do their work. It seems that MEDi is good for everyone in hospital. I II III IV V
4 Find words in the text that mean:
1 frighten (paragraph I) ...................................................... 2 main (paragraph II) ...................................................... 3 calls (paragraph III) ...................................................... 4 difficult (paragraph IV) ......................................................
5 Write a composition of about 100-150 words. Choose ONE option.
1 If you could have a robot that could help you with just one thing in your everyday life, what would that be? Explain your answer. 2 Not every hospital can afford to have a robot like MEDi. Write about other ways that can help kids who are patients in hospitals.
3 Rewrite the sentences without changing the original meaning.
1 In January 2018, the British government did something unusual. In January 2018, something unusual ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 For some people, loneliness results from social isolation. For some people, loneliness is ...............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Answer the question.
Why do studies on loneliness have different results? .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Find words or expressions in the text that mean:
1 dealt with (paragraph I) ...................................................... 2 being jealous of (paragraph III) ...................................................... 3 be aware of (paragraph VI) ...................................................... 4 not yet certain (paragraph VII) ......................................................
6 Write a composition of 100-150 words. Choose ONE option.
1 Loneliness is not an issue that should concern government. Do you agree or disagree? Explain. 2 Use of social media is a major cause of loneliness today. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons.
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 People remember hurricanes because ........... a they are named for distinctive saints b they are given the names of people c they occur during summer 2 Why did meteorologists stop using map coordinates as hurricane names? a Methods of hurricane tracking changed. b They had trouble remembering the coordinates. c Map coordinates couldn’t be used during World War II.
2 Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Find evidence in the text to support your answers.
1 People have been giving names to hurricanes for many centuries. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 A hurricane’s name cannot begin with the letter V. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Complete the sentences.
1 Hurricanes get stronger when they ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2 After Hurricane Katrina, meteorologists .......................................................................................................................................................
4 Answer the question.
Why were women offended that hurricanes were given female names? ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Occurring only during the summer months, a hurricane is a huge tropical storm that gathers heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters. Every few years, one of these storms makes international news when it causes havoc. What makes hurricanes remain in public memory, though, is their distinctive names. Actually, naming storms is nothing new. For hundreds of years in the Caribbean islands, storms were named after the saint of the day they occurred in the Roman Catholic calendar – for example, Hurricane San Felipe. As meteorology developed, hurricanes were referred to by the map coordinates of their places of origin. However, this was often difficult to remember. During World War II, meteorologists began giving names to the storms in the Pacific Ocean as it made tracking them easier. This was eventually adopted for hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean as well. At first, only women’s names were used. Because the meteorologists were all men, they did this as a joke, explaining that tropical storms were like women because their behaviour was so unpredictable! However, by the 1970s, women had begun to express offence at the fact that hurricanes, which cause so much suffering, were given only female names. Therefore, from 1978, half of the year’s storms were given men’s names. For each year, a list of 21 names in alphabetical order (without the letters Q, U, X, Y and Z) was developed. For example, in the year 2015, the first hurricane was called Hurricane Ana and the second, Hurricane Bill. Six different lists were created and are reused every six years. However, a name given to a particularly destructive hurricane may become off limits. “Katrina” was removed from the list after that hurricane destroyed parts of New Orleans in 2005. This is done to show sensitivity to people’s feelings, as victims of the hurricane may be haunted by bad memories if they hear the name being used again only six years later. There is no doubt that today, these names are part of common language and have helped increase public awareness of the danger of hurricanes. 5 10 15 20
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 Jan Harold Brunvand ........... a is known to spread urban myths b studies urban myths c believes urban myths are dangerous 2 Urban myths ........... a always take place in the city b are often funny c are spread only online 3 What does the writer think is ironic? a There are still urban myths today. b It’s easy to check if an urban myth is true. c The Internet generates urban myths.
2 Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Find evidence in the text to support your answers.
1 The War of the Worlds was believed to be true by many. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Typhoid Mary was not a real person. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Rewrite the sentences without changing the original meaning.
1 Many listeners fled, fearing an alien invasion. Many listeners fled because ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Her neighbour has got proof that the moon landings never happened. Her neighbour can ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... My cousin’s boyfriend knows a guy at work who swears he saw an alligator climb out of the underground water system in New York City. And my doctor’s receptionist says her neighbour has got proof that nobody ever landed on the moon. These are two examples of classic urban myths. Experts define an urban myth or legend as a modern story, often containing humorous or horrific elements, that has little or no truth to it but spreads from one person to another. According to folklore expert Jan Harold Brunvand, these myths include three elements. First, they must be believable, often happening to an “unnamed friend of a friend”; second, they are a good story, and third, they generally convey a moral message or a warning. Urban myths are not new. When film director Orson Welles broadcast The War of the Worlds in 1938 on US radio, many listeners fled, fearing an alien invasion. However, some folklore experts believe that these stories originated even earlier, and began in traditional fairytales. That’s why the word “urban” has been added to today’s myths and legends even if they don’t necessarily take place in a city. The name simply distinguishes them from folklore of pre- industrial times. Because most of these stories could theoretically happen, they may reflect the fears of a particular culture. However, some myths can be adapted from one society to another over time. The fictional “Aids Mary”, who is said to inject victims with infected blood, might be a modern version of Typhoid Mary, who actually spread typhoid fever early in the 20th century. With technological communication, it seems odd that these myths still exist. It’s so easy today to check information with the click of a button. But ironically the Internet itself, especially e-mail and social media, often spreads them. Perhaps you too have been quick to believe something you read online and passed the information on to others? I II III IV V
4 Answer the question.
What is the urban myth “Aids Mary” an example of? .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Find words or expressions in the text that mean:
1 insists (paragraph I) ...................................................... 2 communicate (paragraph II) ...................................................... 3 ran away (paragraph III) ...................................................... 4 strange (paragraph V) ......................................................
6 Write a composition of about 100-150 words. Choose ONE option.
1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of reading information online? 2 Describe an urban myth that you have heard. Does it include any or all of the elements discussed in the text? Why / Why not?
4 Rewrite the sentences without changing the original meaning.
1 It is impossible to reach an exact figure. An ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Shelters receive about seven million animals a year. Well over six million animals .................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Find words or expressions in the text that mean:
1 exceed (paragraph I) ...................................................... 2 do well (paragraph II) ...................................................... 3 relaxed (paragraph III) ...................................................... 4 permanent (paragraph V) ......................................................
6 Write a composition of about 100-150 words. Choose ONE option.
1 Do you think dogs or cats make better pets? Give reasons for your answers. 2 Write a letter to a friend describing a pet that you have recently adopted and say how it has affected your family.
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 Opponents of telemedicine worry that ........... a people will not contact their doctor often enough b doctors will only rely on non-verbal messages c doctors won’t gain a complete view of patients 2 Telemedicine patients ........... a are surprised by the long wait to consult a doctor b needn’t visit the doctor to get a prescription c must check in with the doctor after the consultation
2 Answer the question.
Why does the writer refer to telemedicine as being controversial? Give examples. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Complete the sentences according to the information in the text.
1 “Store-and-forward” refers to ................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 According to a report, by the end of 2018 there ......................................................................................................................................
4 Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Find evidence in the text to justify your answers.
1 Telemedicine only benefits people living in remote areas. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Specialists in the medical field are not involved in telemedicine. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Many of us are familiar with the ancient Greek prefix tele - , meaning “far away” or “remote”. It gives us the words television (seeing from afar), telephone (hearing from afar), telescope (looking from afar) and telegram (writing from afar), among others. This prefix is now also used to name another, relatively new, concept – telemedicine. Providing medical services from afar, telemedicine uses various forms of telecommunication such as video and audio links. Telemedicine is divided into three types. “Store-and-forward” collects information such as test results and sends it on to a patient or doctor. “Remote patient monitoring” allows medical personnel to check from afar the progress of patients using medical equipment such as a heart monitor. Finally, there is “direct contact” between patient and doctor using everyday electronic devices. But telemedicine is controversial. Some people fear that reduced personal doctor-patient interaction means that doctors cannot pick up non-verbal cues, especially if interaction takes place through an audio call or text message. Then, too, a patient may consult a different doctor for each ailment, allowing no professional to form a complete medical picture. But advocates argue that easy access to a doctor is more important. This may be true both for house-bound patients and those living in remote areas, but also for patients wishing to avoid a drive through traffic or those reluctant to risk germs in waiting rooms. Critics also worry about electronically transmitted data, claiming that poor quality transmissions could lead to misdiagnosis. But those in favour value the speed with which material may be transferred to a primary doctor or to a specialist for an expert opinion. Telemedicine consumers are often surprised at the quality of care. First, a doctor is always available with minimum waiting time, and may even check in on the patient some days later, while prescriptions can be sent directly to a local chemist’s. In 2013, there were fewer than 350,000 patients in the United States using telemedicine services. By the end of 2018, a report estimates that this number will reach seven million. Perhaps one day, you too will be using these services. I II III IV V
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 Martine Postma ........... a wanted manufacturers to make longer-lasting items b hoped to reuse the broken products that had piled up in landfills c worried about the carbon that was emitted delivering new items 2 Repair Café items ........... a rarely include clothing b will always be fixed by an expert c must be repaired at the café itself
2 Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Find evidence in the text to justify your answers.
1 Repair Cafés expect visitors to bring their own equipment. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 At least half of the smaller items can’t be fixed. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Repair Cafés are not only a European trend. .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Rewrite the sentences without changing the original meaning.
1 Postma set up the first Repair Café in Amsterdam. Amsterdam was the place .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Experts teach visitors how to fix their broken appliance. Visitors ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Has your TV stopped working? Is your jacket too small? If your reaction would be to discard an item and buy a new one, you’ll be pleased to learn that there is now a better alternative. From 2007, Martine Postma, a Dutch journalist, began looking for ways to reduce the number of items discarded once they no longer worked or were in good shape. She wanted to empty landfills and cut the carbon emissions generated by the manufacture and delivery of new products. In 2009, Postma set up the first Repair Café in Amsterdam and in 2010, the Repair Café Foundation was established. Repair Cafés are not always “real” cafés, although hot drinks are usually available. Many are located in community centres and are rarely open every day. But visitors will find the tools needed to repair a variety of objects, and professionals who volunteer their time and expertise. These experts will teach them how to fix their broken appliance or damaged clothing. Since the services are free, cafés usually ask for small donations. Many cafés have also got books and magazines on do-it-yourself projects, and a number of visitors attend just for the tea and company. The most popular items brought in vary according to location, but clothing and small appliances generally top the list, and the success rate is between 60% and 80%. To achieve this, some Repair Cafés rely on 3D printers to produce faulty or missing parts. Larger items like washing machines cannot be repaired in cafés as rules specify that items must be physically present. There are now over 1,100 official Repair Cafés around the world. Most are located in Europe, but cafés exist on every continent except, for obvious reasons, in Antarctica. So if your necklace is broken or your clock has stopped, don’t despair. Look for a Repair Café near you, where you can fix the item, learn a new skill – and maybe make new friends. I II III IV V
4 Answer the questions.
1 How do 3D printers help the Repair Cafés? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 What does the writer mean by saying the Repair Café is more than a place to get something fixed? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Find words or expressions in the text that mean:
1 throw away (paragraph I) ...................................................... 2 reduce (paragraph II) ...................................................... 3 are the most popular (paragraph IV) ...................................................... 4 damaged (paragraph IV) ......................................................
6 Write a composition of about 100-150 words. Choose ONE option.
1 Would you be interested in taking an item to a Repair Café? Give reasons for your answer. 2 Write a letter of complaint to a shop where you bought something that broke after purchase.
6 Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers. 1 1 b 2 b 3 c 2 1 T “… many listeners fled, fearing an alien invasion.” 2 F “… Typhoid Mary, who actually spread typhoid fever early in the 20th century.” 3 1 they feared an alien invasion 2 prove that the moon landings never happened 4 a myth adapted from one society to another over time 5 1 swears 3 fled 2 convey 4 odd 6 Accept all logical and grammatically correct anwers. 1 1 c 2 c 3 b 2 1 F “About 20% are returned to their original owners …” 2 T “… encourages people who are thinking of adopting a dog to take one home for a sleepover.” 3 1 They give dogs a break from the institutionalised life at a shelter, and can be a fun experience for the family. 2 Individual answer (to relax the dogs, to bond with them, etc.) 4 1 exact figure is impossible to reach 2 a year are received by shelters 5 1 outnumber 3 at ease 2 thrive 4 long-lasting 6 Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers. 1 1 c 2 b 2 Some people fear that doctors won’t pick up non-verbal cues, that patients may consult a different doctor for each ailment, so no professional will form a complete medical picture, and that poor quality transmissions of electronically transmitted data could lead to misdiagnosis. 3 1 collecting information such as test results and sending them on to a patient or doctor 2 will be seven million patients in the United States using telemedicine services 4 1 F “… for house-bound patients and those living in remote areas, but also for patients wishing to avoid a drive through traffic …” 2 F “… or to a specialist for an expert opinion.” 5 1 allows 3 ailment 2 pick up 4 reluctant 6 Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers. 1 1 c 2 c 2 1 F “But visitors will find the tools needed to repair a variety of objects …” 2 F “… clothing and small appliances generally top the list, and the success rate hovers between 60% and 80%.” 3 T “… exist on every continent except …” **>
**
3 1 where Postma set up the first Repair Café 2 are taught by experts how to fix their broken appliance 4 1 Some Repair Cafés rely on 3D printers to produce faulty or missing parts. 2 You can also learn a new skill there – and maybe make new friends too. 5 1 discard 3 top the list 2 cut 4 faulty 6 Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.
