Reported Speech: Grammar Rules and Examples for High School Students, Diapositivas de Inglés

¡Descarga Reported Speech: Grammar Rules and Examples for High School Students y más Diapositivas en PDF de Inglés solo en Docsity!

REPORTED SPEECH

When do we use it?

⚫ REPORTED SPEECH is used to tell what someone said.

Yet, we do not repeat all the words exactly.

⚫ REAL WORDS (direct speech):

Tom said: “We are going to the cinema this afternoon.”

⚫ REPORTED SPEECH:

Tom said that they were going to the cinema that afternoon.

Verb Tenses

DIRECT SPEECH

⚫ PRESENT We study We are studying

⚫ PAST We studied We were studying

⚫ FUTURE We will study

REPORTED SPEECH

• PAST - She said that they studied - She said that they were studying
• PAST PERFECT - She said that they had studied - She said that they had been studying
• CONDITIONAL - She said that they would study

List of Verb Changes

TENSE DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH PRESENT SIMPLE (^) I play tennis with my friends She said that she played tennis with her friends

PRESENT CONTINUOUS I am playing tennis with myfriends^ She said that shefriends^ was playing^ tennis with her

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

I have played tennis with my friends She said that she^ had played^ tennis with her friends PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

I have been playing tennis with my friends

She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends PAST SIMPLE I played tennis with my friends She said that she had played tennis with her friends

PAST CONTINUOUS I were playing tennis with myfriends^ She said that shefriends^ had been playing^ tennis with her

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE I had played tennis with myfriends She said that she had played tennis with her friends PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

I had been playing tennis with my friends

She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends FUTURE SIMPLE (^) I will play tennis with my friends She said that theyfriends^ would play^ tennis with her

Time and Place Adverb Change

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Now Then Today That day Tonight That night Yesterday The previous day / the day before Last week The previous week / the week before

A __________ ago The previous ______ / the _____ before

Tomorrow The following day / the day after / the next day

Next ___________ The following ________ / the _______ after

Here There This These

That Those

Reported statements

⚫ Pay attention to the changes mentioned before.

⚫ 'That‘ can be omitted with “TELL & SAY”:

❏ She told him that he was a fool. ❏ She told him he was a fool. ❏ She said that I was right ❏ She said I was right

⚫ Observe that when you use TELL, you must mention “ the

person you’re speaking to ” ⚫ John said: “Ann, I’m very happy.” ⚫ John told Ann that he was very happy.

Reported commands

With reported command the IMPERATIVE of the direct speech turns into INFINITIVE in the reported speech.

• TO + “INFINITIVE” (Affirmative)

• NOT + TO + “INFINITIVE” (Negative)

Examples: ➢ “Come here” he told me He told me to go there. ➢ Father: "Do your homework!“ Father told me to do my homework. ➢ Teacher. "Don't talk to your mate!" The teacher told me not to talk to my mate.

Other verbs used with the IMPERATIVE:

ORDER "Get out of the car!" said the policeman. The policeman ordered him to get out of the car.

ASK (if someone asks you to do something in a polite way) "Could you please be quiet," she said. She asked me to be quiet.

WARN The man with the gun said to us, "Don't move!“ The man with the gun warned us not to move.

We can also use: INVITE BEG FORBID

HOPES, INTENTIONS, PROMISES

❖ In these cases we would use a “reporting verb” related to the meaning, followed by that-clause o to-infinitive : ❖ "I'll pay you the money tomorrow.“ ❖ He promised to pay me the money the next day. ❖ He promised that he would pay me the money the next day. ❖ Other verbs that follow this structure: ❖ Hope ❖ "We should arrive in London before nightfall.“ ❖ They hoped to arrive in London before nightfall. ❖ They hoped they would arrive in London before nightfall. ❖ Threaten ❖ "Give me the keys to the safe or I'll shoot you!” ❖ He threatened to shoot me if I didn't give him the keys to the safe. ❖ He threatened that he would shoot me if I didn't give him the keys to the safe. ❖ Swear ❖ "I swear it! I'll be back by lunchtime.” ❖ He sweared to be back by lunchtime. ❖ He sweared that he would be back by lunchtime.

Reporting Verbs follow different Verb

Patterns.

Let’s practice!