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Asignatura: Morfologia i lèxic de l'anglès, Profesor: Miguel Fuster, Carrera: Estudis Anglesos, Universidad: UV
Tipo: Apuntes
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1.3. Walking it is the progressive form of the verb to walk but it is a noun as well.
Brethren it is a noun related to a religious community.
1.4. Dictionaries are complete while we use the words there are in it. But, language is always changing and, for this reason, dictionaries will be always improving and adding new words. This is what ‘work in progress’ means: they are complete in our time but they will be incomplete as long as we extend our vocabulary.
1.4.B. The video talks about what kind of English is the right kind and what kind is the wrong one. There, Jack Lynch says that English language is a mess and he speaks about two kinds of lexicographers. Some of them prefer to clean up everything that is weird like the spelling and, on the other hand, some others prefer to define the language just the way it is used by people. According to these two ways of thinking, the book is about the tension between describing and prescribing.
The first grammars of English written for English speakers from the middle class people who want to speak properly. Samuel Johnson wrote the twenty-first English dictionary but there was no dictionary after him, that could be consider as a Standard Dictionary and that was why people used to think that language was a chaos. People need somebody to regulate the language and the perfect person was Samuel Johnson. But, language is always changing and none can stop it. The problem is when people think that language is getting worse but language has been declining for as long as human beings are standing up right.
CORPUS AMERICAN ENGLISH:
Is hot dog just a word or two words joined together? We will not know for sure because there are a quarter of a million distinct English words, technical and regional words that are not covered by the OED.
This problem is not fixed because there is not agreement between scholars to define what exactly a verb phrase is. Some lexicographers think that it is a “verb group and its various complements” but, others think that “a verb phrases consist of a main verb which either stands alone as the entire verb phrase, or is preceded by up to four verb in an auxiliary function”. This distinction will be always there. We will never know for sure what is just a word or two words because, as we said, there is no agreement between scholars and that is the reason why English language will never be able to be analyzed completely.
In contrast, we have Spanish language. This language has a poorer vocabulary than English. In English we have a lot of words to define one thing and we can use different terms. In Spanish, we only have one or two words to define one thing and the vocabulary used to define that specific thing is not very specific. It means, the vocabulary used in Spanish language is not very difficult but in English it is because it has a lot of different words for just one thing.