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Topic 5 Efficient markets, Apuntes de Administración de Empresas

Asignatura: Finances I, Profesor: Joan Montllor, Carrera: Administració i Direcció d'Empreses - Anglès, Universidad: UAB

Tipo: Apuntes

2013/2014

Subido el 18/01/2014

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Households
CORPORATIONS
Government
Households
FINANCIAL
MARKETS
intermediaries
Cash
demand
Cash
supply
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
Set of institutions, markets, instruments, assets and
regulatory rules
Liquidity-Prices
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Households CORPORATIONS Government Households FINANCIAL MARKETS intermediaries Cash demand Cash supply FINANCIAL SYSTEM Set of institutions, markets, instruments, assets and regulatory rules Liquidity-Prices

FINANCIAL MAKET : Confluence of demand and offer of funds (money) Functions:Assigns savings to fund demandDetermines the interest rateDetermines risk premium

Market tasks:

WHAT DOES AN ORGANIZED MARKET?

(stock market for instance)

  • (^) Trades (provides the infrastructure for trading operations, i.e. buying and selling)
  • (^) Determines prices (as a consequence of the interaction between offer and demand)

2 kinds of efficiency

• INTERNAL:

Low transaction costs +Fast and safe trades (i.e. works cheap & fast)

  • (^) EXTERNAL: Prices are fair, i.e. we can trust in its prices

FORMS OF MARKET

EFFICIENCY

  • (^) 3 forms of market efficiency according to the information that prices incorporate

Efficienc y form Information that prices incorporate

  1. WEAK Past information
  2. SEMI STRONG Past information + published information

STRONG Past + published + obtained from accurate analysis of corporations and the economy

Any lack of efficiency…

  • (^) opportunity to turn it into money… (if we know it): - (^) Speculation (often) - (^) Arbitrage (rarely)

WHAT DOES REDUCE

EFFICIENCY?

  • (^) Noise
  • (^) Bubbles

2 kinds of traders:

FISHER BLACK:

  • (^) Noise traders: Trade as if noise were information.
  • (^) Information traders: Trade on the basis of information. Usually information traders win money and noise traders lose it.

Consequences of noise trading:

  • (^) Reduces efficiency, because: Prices = information + noise
  • (^) Brings more liquidity to the market, because noise traders operate very soon (when they think that a price will change) and very often

BUBBLES

  • (^) Bubble = Systematic increase in prices not justified by objective facts, i.e. prices increase but value does not increase, without the market being aware of that

INTERNET BUBBLE

REAL ESTATE BUBBLE