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Phrasal Verbs
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The following is a mini-tutorial on PHRASAL VERBS. Once you have completed the tutorial, you are ready to do the practice exercises.
PHRASAL VERBS are verbs which are followed by particles (adverbs or prepositions). For example, look up :
Look up any words you don’t understand in the dictionary
While look up can have a literal meaning, as in Look up! There’s a bird in the sky , in this sentence, it means to find information. This ability to have a literal meaning in some cases and a special meaning (as in the sentence above) is what makes phrasal verbs so difficult.
There are four different types of phrasal verbs. There are phrasal verbs with two particles. For example:
I’ll get round to that project when I have time I don’t know why you put up with her rude behaviour We look forward to seeing you next week
There are phrasal verbs with one particle. This particle is followed by an object and the particle is inseparable. For example:
I asked after John’s mother
(You CAN’T SAY I asked John’s mother after. Asked and after must go together followed by the object; in this case, John’s mother )
She came into a small fortune when her grandfather died
(You CAN’T SAY She came a small fortune into when her grandfather died. Came and into must go together followed by the object; in this case, a small fortune )
We ran into Mary when we were in town
(You CAN’T SAY We ran Mary into when we were in town. Ran and into must go together followed by the object; in this case, Mary )
There are phrasal verbs with one particle. This particle is followed by an object and the particle can be separated from the verb. Note that when a pronoun is used, it must go between the verb and the particle. For example:
They give away a lot of money to charity They give a lot of money away to charity They give it away to charity
Our company is taking over XYZ Enterprises Our company is taking XYZ Enterprises over Our company is taking it over
He turned down the job offer He turned the job offer down He turned it down
Phrasal Verbs
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There are phrasal verbs with one particle and no object. For example:
My car broke down on the way to work My sister and I have fallen out again His new novel is coming out in January
Here is a list of phrasal verbs which you will see in the practice exercise, along with the meaning as it is used in the exercise sentences. It should be noted that in those cases where a second meaning is possible, the structure of the verb may change. For example, when we use fill in to mean complete by writing, the verb and the particle can be separated:
I filled in the form I filled the form in
However, when we use fill in to mean to take someone’s place , the verb and the particle cannot be separated:
My teacher was ill and Mr Jones filled in
There is an asterisk next to the verbs where a change in structure is possible if there is a change in meaning.
Phrasal verbs with one particle followed by an inseparable object:
ASK AFTER ask for news of CALL FOR go to someone’s house and collect them CALL ON visit for a short time COME ACROSS find by chance COME INTO inherit COUNT ON depend on DEAL WITH take action to solve a problem DO WITHOUT manage without having GET AT suggest GET OVER recover from GO OVER review JOIN IN take part in LIVE ON have as income LOOK INTO investigate LOOK ROUND look at everything MAKE FOR go in the direction of PICK ON choose a person to punish RUN INTO meet by chance SEE ABOUT make arrangements SEE TO take care of STAND FOR tolerate STAND FOR be a candidate for TAKE AFTER have the same characteristics as
Phrasal Verbs
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Phrasal verbs with two particles:
CUT DOWN ON* reduce the amount of CATCH UP WITH* reach the same place as COME UP AGAINST meet, find COME UP WITH think of DROP IN ON* visit unexpectedly for a short time FACE UP TO accept, deal with FEEL UP TO have the strength and energy to do GET AWAY WITH do something bad and not be punished GET ON WITH continue doing something GET ALONG /ON WITH* have good relations with GET OUT OF avoid a responsibility GET ROUND TO find time to do GET UP TO do something bad GO IN FOR enjoy as a hobby GROW OUT OF become too old or too big for KEEP UP WITH* stay in the same place as LOOK DOWN ON feel superior to LOOK FORWARD TO think you will enjoy LOOK UP TO respect MAKE UP FOR compensate for PUT UP WITH tolerate RUN OUT OF* have no more of STAND UP FOR defend
You are now ready to put into practice what you have learned in this tutorial. Go directly to the practice exercises.
