Genetics: From DNA to Proteins and Phenotype, Notas de aula de Genética

Baixe Genetics: From DNA to Proteins and Phenotype e outras Notas de aula em PDF para Genética, somente na Docsity!

Genetics–

scales

of

organization

How

is

genetic

information

translated

into

phenotype?

DNA

is

primary

hereditary

material

Organized in chromosomes

Sections with specific instructions are

genes

How

impacts

phenotype?

Eye color, height,

IQ,

personality

Does so in part through proteins

DNA

RNA

Formation

of

messenger

RNA

from

DNA

is

transcription

RNA

sequence is

complement

of

DNA

A

U,

C

G,

G

C,

T

A

mRNA

amino

acid

chains

Translated

from

mRNA

sequence

to

string

of

amino

acids

Code for translation is

bases each (triplet code)

Some

areas

of

the

genome

Genes

often have amino

acid

coding segments

Introns

areas within genes spliced out of mRNA

Don’t affect amino acid sequence

Intergenic

regions

areas between genes

Often functional: regulate how much mRNA produced, and sometimes produce other RNAs Chek Nf Sox

Image

Credits,

Unit

Chromosomes, © Alexandr Mitiuc, all rights reserved, www.photoxpress.com - Codon table from Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org - All other images publicly available, courtesy of NIH