Farmacologia, Notas de estudo de Cultura

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Introdução ao SNA

Divisão do Sistema

Nervoso

Sistema

Nervoso

Autônomo

SN Simpático

SNParassimpático

SN entérico

Sistema

Nervoso

SOMÁTICO

VISCERAL

Órgãos

Viscerais

Gerais

Central

Periférico

Aferente

Eferente (Motor)

Sistema NANC

PARASSIMPÁTICA SIMPÁTICA

MEDULA TORACO LOMBAR Neurônios pré-ganglionares simpáticos Neurônios motores somáticos TRONCO ENCEFALICO Neurônios pré-ganglionares parassimpáticos Neurônios motores somáticos MEDULA SACRAL Neurônios pré-ganglionares parassimpáticos Neurônios motores somáticos

SN P SN S SE Somático S N C

ACh

ACh

No

r

ACh

Rec. Nicot

ACh

Rec. Adren ( a , b )

ACh

ACh

ACh

Rec. Musc (M) Rec. Nicot (N) Adrenalina Rec. Nicot Rec. Musc (M) Receptores e Neurotransmissores

Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático Sistema Nervoso Simpático Repouso e Luta e Fuga digestão

Olho

ORGAN

SYSTEM

SYMPATHET

IC EFFECT a

ADRENERGIC

RECEPTOR

TYPE

b

PARASYMPATHE

TIC EFFECT a

CHOLINERG

IC

RECEPTOR

TYPE b Radial muscle, iris Contraction (mydriasis)+

α 1 Sphincter muscle, iris Contraction (miosis)+++

M 3 , M 2

Ciliary muscle Relaxation for far vision+ β 2 Contraction for near vision+++

M 3 , M 2

Lacrimal glands Secretion+ α Secretion+++ M 3 , M 2

Vasos sanguíneos

ORGAN SYSTEM SYMPATHETIC EFFECT a ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b PARASYMPATHETIC EFFECT a CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b Blood vessels (Arteries and arterioles) d Coronary Constriction+; dilation e^ ++ α 1 , α 2 ; β 2 No innervation h^ — Skin and mucosa Constriction+++ α 1 , α 2 No innervation h^ — Skeletal muscle Constriction; dilation e,f (^) ++ α 1 ; β 2 Dilation^ h (?) — Cerebral Constriction (slight) α 1 No innervation h^ — Pulmonary Constriction+; dilation α 1 ; β 2 No innervation h^ — Abdominal viscera Constriction +++; dilation + α 1 ; β 2 No innervation h^ — Salivary glands Constriction+++ α 1 , α 2 Dilation h^ ++ M 3 Renal Constriction++; dilation++ α 1 , α 2 ; β 1 , β 2 No innervation h (Veins) d^ Constriction; dilation α 1 , α 2 ; β 2 Endothelium Activation of NO synthase h^ M 3

Pulmão

ORGAN SYSTEM SYMPATHETIC EFFECT a ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b PARASYMPATHETIC EFFECT a CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b Tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle Relaxation β 2 Contraction M 2 = M 3 Bronchial glands Decreased secretion, increased secretion α 1 β 2 Stimulation M 3 , M 2

Intestino

ORGAN SYSTEM SYMPATHETIC EFFECT a ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b PARASYMPATHETIC EFFECT a CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b Motility and tone Decrease h^ _+ α 1 , α 2 , β 1 , β 2 Increase i ++

• M 3 , M 2_ Sphincters Contraction

α 1 Relaxation (usually)+

M 3 , M 2

Secretion Inhibition α 2 Stimulation++ M 3 , M 2 Gallbladder and ducts Relaxation+ β 2 Contraction+ M

Rim

ORGAN SYSTEM SYMPATHETIC EFFECT a ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b PARASYMPATHETIC EFFECT a CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR TYPE b Renin secretion Decrease+; increase++ α 1 ; β 1 No innervation —

Agonistas dos

Receptores

Adrenérgicos

Simpatomiméticos

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

íntese e Liberação de NA célula pós-sináptica NA a b

RESPOSTA

RESPOSTA

NA

NA

NA

DOPA tirosina tirosina Tirosina hidroxilase DOPA descarboxilase

NA

terminação nervosa neurônio noradrenérgico PA Ca 2+ Ca 2+ ++++

exocitose

DA

DA

NA

Dopamina b -hidroxilase

NA

NA

MAO COMT VMAT a b

DOPGAL

Normetanefrina

Ahlquist (1948) a b ADR  NA >> ISO ISO > ADR  NA Lands (1967) (^) b

ADR = NA ADR >>>>NA b

Emorine (1989) b ISO = NA > ADR

Receptores Adrenérgicos