Download assignment 1 pass 1633 and more Assignments Computer Programming in PDF only on Docsity!
ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title 10: Website Design & Development Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Phạm Văn Hiệp Student ID GCS Class GCS0903B Assessor name Hồ Nguyễn Phú Bảo Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature HIEP Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3 D x x x x
Summative Feedback: Resubmission Feedback:
Grade: Assessor Signature: Date: Signature & Date:
Format: The submission is in the form of two documents/files ● A ten-minute Microsoft® PowerPoint® style presentation which can be shared with your colleagues for feedback. The presentation can include links to performance data with additional speaker notes and a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system. The presentation slides for the findings should be submitted with speaker notes as one copy. ● An extended guidebook or detailed report that provides more thorough, evaluated or critically reviewed technical information on all of the topics covered in the presentation. Submission ● Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by the Tutor. ● The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/. ● Remember to convert the word file into PDF file before the submission on CMS. Note: ● The individual Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student. ● If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, you must reference your sources, using the Harvard style. ● Make sure that you understand and follow the guidelines to avoid plagiarism. Failure to comply this requirement will result in a failed assignment. Unit Learning Outcomes: LO1 Explain server technologies and management services associated with hosting and managing websites. LO2 Categorise website technologies, tools and software used to develop websites. Assignment Brief and Guidance:
You currently work for a software training company that produces courses and topic presentations to established companies and, importantly, to new start-ups. MWS wishes to pursue a bespoke web-based e-commerce solution. As part of your role, you have been asked to create an engaging presentation to help inform and train staff members on the tools and techniques associated with front- and back-end development together with the technologies and services required to set up, host and manage a typical commercial website. You will find more information in the file MWS-CaseStudy.docx. In addition to your presentation, you will also provide an extended guidebook containing further information for staff members or a detailed report containing a technical review of the topics covered in the presentation. Your presentation should include:
- Server technologies and the management services associated with hosting and managing websites.
- A review of different website technologies supported with the tools and software used to develop websites (including the differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites). Your extended guidebook or detailed report should include a summary of your presentation as well as additional, evaluated or critically reviewed technical notes on all of the expected topics. Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria (Assignment 1): Learning Outcome Pass Merit Distinction
LO2 P3 Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and backend website technologies and explain how these relate to presentation and application layers. P4 Discuss the differences between online website creation tools and custom built sites with regards to design flexibility, performance, functionality, User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI). M3 Evaluate a range of tools and techniques available to design and develop a custom built website.
Contents
- INTRODUCTION
- Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how domain names are organized and managed. (P1)....................
- Explain the concept of DNS
- The purpose of DNS
- Type of DNS Server.......................................................................................................................................................................
- a. DNS recursive resolver
- b. DNS Root Name Server
- c. TLD Name Server
- d. Authoritative name servers
- How domain names are organized
- with regards to designing, publishing and accessing a website. (P2) Explain the purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software
- Communication protocols
- Server hardware
- Operating system
- Web server software
- Relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software:
- presentation and application layers. (P3) Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and backend website technologies and explain how these relate to
- Front-end and Back-end technologies
- a. What is the Front - end?
- b. What is Back-end?
- Capabilities and relationship front-end and back-end
- functionality, User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI). (P4) Discuss the differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites with regards to design flexibility, performance,
- Online creation tools
- Custom-build..................................................................................................................................................................................
- functionality, User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI) 3. The differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites with regards to design flexibility, performance,
- a. Design flexibility
- b. Performance
- c. Functionality...............................................................................................................................................................................
- d. User Interface
- References
- Figure 1. DNS Database
- Figure 2. IoT Communication Protocol
- Figure 3. Rack Severs
- Figure 4. Blade Severs
- Figure 5. Tower Severs
- Figure 6. Mainframes
- Figure 7. Operating Systems
- Figure 8. Web severs.................................................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 9. Front-end and Back-end technologies
INTRODUCTION
Web development is one of the fastest-growing professions today. Web developers are known for creating websites, managing and maintaining websites, and that includes aspects such as web design, web publishing, web programming, and database management. The term web developer is widely used in the technology industry, but for those who are still unfamiliar, it is not always clear what web development is or what a web developer is or does. The most visible examples of web applications are social networking sites like Facebook, Instagram and e-commerce sites like Shopee, Tiki, Lazada and so on. We'll take a closer look at the report below. Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how domain names are organized and managed. (P1)
1. Explain the concept of DNS Domain Name System (DNS) is a collection of databases that translate hostnames to IP addresses. DNS is often referred to as the internet's phone book because it converts easily to remember hostnames like www.moet.gov.vn, to IP addresses like 125.212.206.186. This takes place behind the scenes after you type a URL into a web browser's address bar. Without DNS (and especially search engines like Google), navigating the internet wouldn't be easy since we'd have to enter the IP address of each website we want to visit (Fisher, 2021). 2. The purpose of DNS The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system for computers, services, or any resource participating in the Internet. It associates various information with domain names assigned to such participants. Most importantly, it translates domain names meaningful to humans into the numerical (binary) identifiers associated with networking equipment for the purpose of locating and addressing these devices worldwide. An often-used analogy to explain the Domain Name System is that it serves as the "phone book" for the Internet by translating human-friendly computer hostnames into IP addresses (Hoffmann, 2019).
Note that while there are 13 root nameservers, that doesn’t mean that there are only 13 machines in the root nameserver system. There are 13 types of roots nameservers, but there are multiple copies of each one all over the world, which use Anycast routing to provide speedy responses. If you added up all the instances of root nameservers, you’d have 632 different servers (as of October 2016). c. TLD Name Server A TLD nameserver maintains information for all the domain names that share a common domain extension, such as .com, .net, or whatever comes after the last dot in a URL. For example, a .com TLD nameserver contains information for every website that ends in ‘.com’. If a user was searching for google.com, after receiving a response from a root nameserver, the recursive resolver would then send a query to a .com TLD nameserver, which would respond by pointing to the authoritative nameserver (see below) for that domain. Management of TLD nameservers is handled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), which is a branch of ICANN. The IANA breaks up the TLD servers into two main groups:
- Generic top-level domains: These are domains that are not country-specific, some of the best-known generic TLDs include .com, .org, .net, .edu, and .gov.
- Country code top-level domains: These include any domains that are specific to a country or state. Examples include .uk, .us, .ru, and .jp. (Cloudflare, 2021) d. Authoritative name servers When a recursive resolver receives a response from a TLD nameserver, that response will direct the resolver to an authoritative nameserver. The authoritative nameserver is usually the resolver’s last step in the journey for an IP address. The authoritative nameserver contains information specific to the domain name it serves (e.g. google.com) and it can provide a recursive resolver with the IP address of that server found in the DNS A record, or if the domain has a CNAME record (alias) it will provide the recursive
resolver with an alias domain, at which point the recursive resolver will have to perform a whole new DNS lookup to procure a record from an authoritative nameserver (often an A record containing an IP address) (Cloudflare, 2021).
4. How domain names are organized Domain names are organized via subdomains which are subordinate levels of the Domain Name System root domain. Top-level domains (TLDs) are the first-level set of domain names, and include generic top-level domains (gTLDs) such as .com, .net and .org as well as country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). The ccTLDs are noted to the right of the dot, such as .fr or .au in the examples google.fr and google.com.au. Under Top-level domains, there are second and third-level domain names in the DNS hierarchy, such as DomainTools or Google. These domains are typically available for end-users to reserve so they can run web sites, create publicly accessible Internet resources, and connect the Internet to local area networks. Second level domains typically provide the name of the organization and/or are descriptive of the service provided, while third level domains is typically used to refer to a specific server within an organization (DOMAINTOOLS, 2021).
- The TLDN (Top-Level Domain Names), such as .com, .net, .biz, .org, .info, .edu, and so on, provide the last segment of a FQDN. All TLDNs are managed on the root name servers. Aside from country top-level domains such as .us, .uk, and so on, there were originally only a few main top-level domains. As of February 2017, there are 1528 top-level domains.
- The second level domain name is always immediately to the left of the top-level domain when specifying a hostname or URL, so names like Redhat.com, Opensource.com, Getfedora.org, and example.com provide the organizational address portion of the FQDN.
- The third level of the FQDN is the hostname portion of the name, so the FQDN of a specific host in a network would be something like host1.example.com (Both, 2017). **Explain the purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing and accessing a website. (P2)
- Communication protocols** Communication protocols are formal descriptions of digital message formats and rules. They are required to exchange messages in or between computing systems. Communication protocols are important in telecommunications systems and other systems because they create consistency and universality for the sending and receiving of messages (Techopedia, 2021). There are many protocols that are used to communicate or impart information on the Internet, here are some typical protocols:
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): establishes a connection between computers to transmit data. It breaks data down into packets and ensures a successful data transmission.
- IP (Internet Protocol): routes data packets as they are transmitted over the Internet, ensuring data will arrive at the right place to receive.
- HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): allows exchanging information (mainly in the form of hypertext) over the Internet.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): allows exchanging files over the Internet.
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): allows sending electronic mail messages (email) over the Internet.
- POP3 (Post Office Protocol, version 3): allows receiving email messages over the Internet.
- MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension): an extension of the SMTP protocol, allowing sending binary files, movies, music, ... by email.
- WAP (Wireless Application Protocol): allows information exchange between wireless devices, such as mobile phones. (Techopedia, 2021)
Purpose of Server Hardware: Their main purpose is to be there for you, to share data and perform tasks to keep your workflow smooth and productivity elevated (Samuel, 2020). Type of server hardware:
- Rack Servers: Just as the title implies, rack servers are designed to be mounted in a modular rack design for efficient management and storage. Rack servers are very versatile in their ability to manage different tasks and workloads, and they can maximize utility in one dedicated location (Aaron, 2019). Figure 3. Rack Severs
- Blade Servers: Blade servers are chassis-based servers similar to rack servers, but the more stripped-down design allows for even more space-efficient than rack servers, among other key advantages (Aaron, 2019). Figure 4. Blade Severs
