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Mechanical Engineering
Concerned with analysis, design, and development of structures, machines, devices, and mechanical systems. - Solid Mechanics - Fluid Mechanics - Thermodynamics - Mechanical Design TERM 2
The Engineering Process
DEFINITION 2 Idea -> Product or Service -> Society TERM 3
Electrical Engineering
DEFINITION 3 Embody the study of all things electrical - in particular electrical devices, electrical systems, and electrical energy. - Electric Power Engineering - Communications - Control Systems Engineering - Digital Systems Engineering - Electronics TERM 4
Civil Engineering
DEFINITION 4 Plan, design, construct, operate, and maintain many of the structures and facilities around us, for example, airports and bridges. - Construction Engineering - Environmental Engineering - Geotechnical Engineering - Structural Engineering - Surveying - Transportation Engineering - Water Resources Engineering TERM 5
Chemical Engineering
DEFINITION 5 Design, build, maintain, and develop the systems required to convert the laboratory experiment into an industrial operation capable of large-scale production. - Polymer Engineering - Biotechnology - Process Control Engineering - Environmental Engineering - Engineering Management - Oil and Natural Gas
Industrial Engineering
Concerned with efficiency, or more precisely, how to design, organize, implement, and operate the basic factors of production in the most efficient manner possible. - Manufacturing - Work Design - Ergonomics (Human Factors) - Management Decision Making - Quality Control - Facility Design - Engineering Management TERM 7
Materials Engineering
DEFINITION 7 Are involved with materials production, materials processing, and materials application and design. Materials Engineering came about because of production and engineering applications of new, advanced materials (polymers, ceramics, composites, and electronic materials). TERM 8
Computer Engineering
DEFINITION 8 Utilize knowledge from both electrical engineering and computer science to design and implement computer systems in which the hardware and software components are both intimately connected with and critical to the success of the design. TERM 9
Why is there a gap between high school and
college for engineers?
DEFINITION 9
- Attending a university is a different game - attending a university is not equal to the next year in high school. 2. You probably don't have the required skills to be successful in a university. 3. What professors assume you know is often not what you've been taught in high school prerequisites. 4. What professors assume you can do is often not what you really can do. TERM 10
Ways to help prepare for Engineering Study
DEFINITION 10
- Expect changes and adapt 2. Ask questions 3. Get together with other first-year students 4. Get organized and manage time effectively 5. Before a course begins, know what your instructor assumes you know.
Rules for Significant Figures
- All digits other than zero are significant 2. All zeroes between significant figures are significant 3. For nondecimal numbers greater than one, all zeroes placed after the significant figure are not significant. 4. If a decimal point is used after a nondecimal number larger than one, the zeroes are significant. 5. Zeroes placed after a decimal point that are net necessary to set the decimal point are significant. 6. For numbers smaller than one, all zeroes placed before the significant figures are not s TERM 17
General Analysis Procedure (7 steps)
DEFINITION 17
- Problem Statement 2. Diagram 3. Assumptions 4. Governing Equations 5. Calculations 6. Solution Check 7. Discussion TERM 18
Dimension
DEFINITION 18 Is a physical variable that is used to describe or specify the nature of a measurable quantity. TERM 19
Base Dimension (Fundamental)
DEFINITION 19
- length L in meters 2. mass M in kilograms 3. time t in seconds 4. temperature T in kelvin 5. electric current I in ampere 6. amount of substance n in moles 7. luminous intensity i. candela TERM 20
Derived Dimensions
DEFINITION 20 Area Power Volume Mass flow rate Velocity Specific heat Acceleration Dynamic viscosity Density Molar mass Force Voltage Pressure Resistance Stress Energy Work
Standard Prefixes
1,000,000,000,000 - 10^12 - tera - T 1,000,000,000 - 10^9 - giga - G 1,000,000 - 10^9 - mega - M 1,000 - 10^3 - kilo - k 0.01 - 10^-2 - centi - c 0.001 - 10^-3 - milli - m 0.000001 - 10^-6 - micro - mew 0.000000001 - 10^-9 - nano - n 0.000000000001 - 10^-12 - pico - p TERM 22
Mass
DEFINITION 22 Defined as a quantity of matter TERM 23
Weight
DEFINITION 23 Gravitational force exerted on a body by the earth TERM 24
Newton's second law
DEFINITION 24 Body of mass, m, acted upon by an unbalanced force, F, experiences an acceleration, a, that has the same direction of the force and a magnitude that is directly proportional to the force. TERM 25
Perspective Drawing
DEFINITION 25 Drawn so that parallel lines converge in the distance
Graph
Is a special visual representation of the relationship between two or more physical quantities. TERM 32
Accuracy
DEFINITION 32 How close a measured value is to the true or correct value TERM 33
Precision
DEFINITION 33 Repeatability of a measurement (how close successive measurements are to each other) TERM 34
Error
DEFINITION 34 The deviation of a measured value from the true or correct value TERM 35
Gross Errors
DEFINITION 35 Errors that virtually invalidate the measurement. - Instrument Misuse - Unsuitable instruments - Improper procedures - Incorrect data recording
Systematic Errors
Errors that exhibit a regular or orderly behavior. - Environment - Instrument calibration - Observer errors TERM 37
Parallax
DEFINITION 37 An observational error that can occur when reading a dial guage. TERM 38
Hysteresis
DEFINITION 38 Different in readings depending on whether the value of the measured quantity is approached from above or below. TERM 39
Random Errors
DEFINITION 39 Caused by chance-related phenomena. - Friction - Contaminants - Wind gust or draft TERM 40
Scatter Graph
DEFINITION 40 Graph consisting of data points only, without lines drawn through them.
3D Surface Graph
Shows how a quantity varies in a three-dimensional space. TERM 47
Dependent Variable
DEFINITION 47 A quantity that depends on another quantity. TERM 48
Independent Variable
DEFINITION 48 The variable that can be controlled by the experimenter. TERM 49
1, 2, 5 Rule
DEFINITION 49 This is the rule that minor graduations between the major graduations should follow. TERM 50
Axis
Labels
DEFINITION 50 X-axis: The abscissa Y-axis: The ordinate Proper Label for an axes: Time t, s
Curve Fitting
Means to draw a smooth line through the data points for the purpose of approximating of a mathematical relationship or function. TERM 52
Method of Selected Points
DEFINITION 52 Based on a visual best fit of a straight line to the data on a graph. TERM 53
Linear Function (Method of Selected Points)
DEFINITION 53 Pick two points very far away from each other. y = mx + b straight line on rectilinear paper Ay = mAx + b By = mBx + b TERM 54
Power Function (Method of Selected Points)
DEFINITION 54 Pick two points very far away from each other y =bx^m straight line on loglog paper log(Ay) = mlog(Ax) + log(b) log(By) = mlog(Bx) + log(b) TERM 55
Exponential Function (Method of Selected
Points)
DEFINITION 55 Pick two points far away from each other y = be^mx straight line on semilog paper ln(Ay) = mAx + ln(b) ln(By) = mBx + ln(b)
Duty Ethics
There are duties that should be performed (duty to treat others fairly or duty to not injure others) regardless of whether these acts lead to the most good. - Be honest - Do not cause suffering to others - Be fair TERM 62
Rights Ethics
DEFINITION 62 Emphasized that we all have moral rights, and any action that violates these rights is ethically unacceptable (ultimate good of the action is not taken into account). TERM 63
Virtue Ethics
DEFINITION 63 Regards actions as right that manifests good character traits (virtues) and regards actions as bad that display bad character traits (vices) (focuses on the type of person we should strive to be). TERM 64
Disaster at Bhopal
DEFINITION 64 MIC, a highly toxic chemical used in manufacturing of pesticides, was released into the air, which led to the death of over 2, people and 200,000 injured. Water was leaked into the tank containing MIC During the the Refrigeration unit failed, alarm system failed, Flare tower (burns toxic chemicals) failed, and Scrubber used to neutralize toxic vapors was not activated until the vapor release was already in progress. Union Carbide owned the plant. TERM 65
Aberdeen Three
DEFINITION 65 Aberdeen Proving Ground is a U.S. Army weapons development and test center located on a military base in Maryland. External inspections revealed the plant had serious safety hazards. 200 gallons of sulfuric acid were leaked into the river. Three engineers were convicted of illegally storing, treating, and disposing of hazardous wastes even though they were unaware of dumping.
6 Fundamental Canons
- Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public. 2. Engineers shall perform services only in their area of competence. 3. Engineers shall issue public statements only in an objective or truthful manner. 4. Engineers shall act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees. 5. Engineers shall avoid deceptive acts. 6. Engineers shall conduct themselves honorably, etc. TERM 67
ABET Fundamental Principles to advance
Engineering Profession
DEFINITION 67
- Using their knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare. 2. Being honest and impartial, and serving with fidelity the public, their employers, and clients. 3. Striving to increase the competence and prestige of the engineering profession. 4. Supporting the profession and technical societies of their disciplines. TERM 68
Torque
DEFINITION 68 measure of a force's tendency to produce rotation TERM 69
AND Logic
DEFINITION 69 Means multiplication in a truth circuit AB = M TERM 70
OR Logic
DEFINITION 70 Means addition in a truth circuit A+B = M
Connector
Part of the VI or function node that contains its input and output terminals, through which data passes to and from the node. TERM 77
Connector
Pane
DEFINITION 77 Region in the upper right corner of the front panel that displays the VI terminal pattern. It underlies the icon pane. TERM 78
Data Flow
Programming
DEFINITION 78 Programming system consisting of executable nodes in which nodes execute only when they have received all required input data and produce output automatically when they have executed. TERM 79
G Programming
Language
DEFINITION 79 Graphic programming language used in LabVIEW TERM 80
Icon
DEFINITION 80 Graphical representation of a node on a block diagram
Icon
Pane
Region in the upper right corner of the front panel and block diagram that displays the VI icon. TERM 82
Input Terminals
DEFINITION 82 Terminals that emit data. Sometimes called source terminals. TERM 83
Modular
Programming
DEFINITION 83 Programming that uses interchangeable computer routines. TERM 84
Numeric Controls and
Indicators
DEFINITION 84 Front panel objects used to manipulate and display numeric data. TERM 85
Output Terminals
DEFINITION 85 Terminals that absorb data. Sometimes called destination terminals.
Shift Registers
Transfer values from one iteration of a For Loop or While Loop to the next TERM 92
Case Structure
DEFINITION 92 Method of executing conditional text.
