ICT Practical Research 1, Lecture notes of Technology

Applied Track Subject in the Senior High School curriculum in the Philippines. It is designed to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills, focusing on qualitative methods and quantitative methods.

Typology: Lecture notes

2025/2026

Available from 03/27/2026

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Practical Research
Pointers to Review:
1. Importance of Research in Daily Life
2. Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of Research
Nature of Inquiry and Research - Importance of Research in Daily Lives
Re - again
Search - examine closely or carefully
Research
Baraceros, 2016 - research is a scientific, experimental, or inductive manner of thinking
Leedy and Ormrod, 2013 - research is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting
information in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon about which we are interested or
concerned
Practical research aims to discover truths about topics that interests or affects the researcher(s) in
order to improve
Inquiry
Exploring questions and problems that lead to further understanding and knowledge. It
involves asking questions, gathering information, and reflecting on what is discovered.
Inquiry and Research
They are interconnected; inquiry often leads to research. Inquiry begins with curiosity and
questions, while research provides a structured approach to answering those questions.
Inquiry stimulates the desire to learn more, and research systematically explores and verifies
the answers. Essentially, inquiry can be the starting point for research, and research can
deepen the understanding initiated by inquiry.
Importance of Research in Daily Lives
1. Rolfe, 2002 - Research aims for truth
2. Bornmann, 2013 - Research improves the quality of human life
3. Cancer Research UK, 2019 - Research saves life
4. Igwenagu, 2016 - Research gathers necessary information
5. Lee, Tran, and Lee, 2007 - Research explores humanity
Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of Research
Characteristics
1. Empirical - based on observations and experiments of theories
2. Systematic - follows orderly and sequential procedure, based on valid procedures and principles
3. Controlled - all variables, except those that are tested/experimented on are constant
4. Employs Hypothesis - search for facts, answers to questions, and solutions to problems
5. Analytical - shows analytical procedures in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive,
and/or case study
6. Objective - unbiased and logical, all findings are logically based on real-life situations
7. Original Work - requires examination and produces the data needed to complete the study
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Practical Research Pointers to Review:

  1. Importance of Research in Daily Life
  2. Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of Research

Nature of Inquiry and Research - Importance of Research in Daily Lives Re - again Search - examine closely or carefully

Research Baraceros, 2016 - research is a scientific, experimental, or inductive manner of thinking Leedy and Ormrod, 2013 - research is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon about which we are interested or concerned

Practical research aims to discover truths about topics that interests or affects the researcher(s) in order to improve

Inquiry ● Exploring questions and problems that lead to further understanding and knowledge. It involves asking questions, gathering information, and reflecting on what is discovered.

Inquiry and Research ● They are interconnected ; inquiry often leads to research. Inquiry begins with curiosity and questions, while research provides a structured approach to answering those questions. Inquiry stimulates the desire to learn more, and research systematically explores and verifies the answers. Essentially, inquiry can be the starting point for research , and research can deepen the understanding initiated by inquiry.

Importance of Research in Daily Lives

  1. Rolfe, 2002 - Research aims for truth
  2. Bornmann, 2013 - Research improves the quality of human life
  3. Cancer Research UK, 2019 - Research saves life
  4. Igwenagu, 2016 - Research gathers necessary information
  5. Lee, Tran, and Lee, 2007 - Research explores humanity

Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of Research

Characteristics

  1. Empirical - based on observations and experiments of theories
  2. Systematic - follows orderly and sequential procedure, based on valid procedures and principles
  3. Controlled - all variables, except those that are tested/experimented on are constant
  4. Employs Hypothesis - search for facts, answers to questions, and solutions to problems
  5. Analytical - shows analytical procedures in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, and/or case study
  6. Objective - unbiased and logical, all findings are logically based on real-life situations
  7. Original Work - requires examination and produces the data needed to complete the study

Research Processes (Prieto, et. al, 2017)

  1. Define Research Problem - What is the problem?
  2. Review of Related Literature - What evidence is already presented?
  3. Formulating Hypothesis - How are we going to find/look for the answers to the questions being studied?
  4. Research Design - Where will the study be shown and with what population?
  5. Collecting Data - Are we ready to gather the data? Where do we find the data?
  6. Analyzing Data - How do the data answer the research queries?
  7. Interpret and Report - What are the implications of the results?

Ethical Principles of Research

  1. Minimize the risk of harm a. Will it harm participants? b. Will it cause discomfort and distress? c. Will it exploit social disadvantages? d. Will it harm the identity and anonymity of the respondents? e. Will it cause a financial burden to all the participants?
  2. Get information/Obtain informed consent a. Participants are volunteers b. Write a letter c. Permission to go undercover d. Cite and refer
  3. Protect anonymity and confidentiality - Data Privacy Act of 2012 , the processing of sensitive personal information for unauthorized purposes shall be penalized by imprisonment ranging from two (2) years to seven (7) years and a fine of not less than five hundred thousand pesos (500,000) but not more than two million pesos (2,000,000) shall be imposed on persons processing sensitive personal information for purposes not authorized by the data subject, or otherwise authorized under this act or existing laws.
  4. Avoid deceptive practices a. Making false promises to informants/respondents b. Faking your data