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CORK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
INSTITIÚID TEICNEOLAÍOCHTA CHORCAÍ
Semester 2 Examinations 2009/
Module Title: Construction Technology
Module Code: BULD
School: Mechanical and Process Engineering
Programme Title: Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) in Sustainable Energy – Year 1 Bachelor of Engineering in Building Services Engineering – Year 2
Programme Code: ESENT_8_Y1, EBSEN _7_Y
External Examiner(s): Prof. E. Coyle, Mr. R. Linger. Internal Examiner(s): Mr. David Wren, Dr. Ger Kelly.
Instructions: Answer any THREE Questions All Questions carry equal marks Please use a separate answer book for Section B
Duration: 2 Hours
Sitting: Summer 2010
Requirements for this examination:
Note to Candidates: Please check the Programme Title and the Module Title to ensure that you have received the correct examination paper. If in doubt please contact an Invigilator.
Section A
Q1. A levelling exercise was undertaken where the instrument was setup at a single location as illustrated in figure Q1 to determine the reduced levels of foundations at points B-F. The reduced level of point A was known to be 107.520 m AOD.
(a) Record and book the levels using standard levelling procedures and calculate the reduced levels of the foundations at points B-K using either Rise and Fall or Height of Instrument method. (12 marks) (b) It was decided to repeat the levelling exercise as it was thought that there may have been an error in the original readings. The instrument was setup once more and the following staff readings were observed at the same points as before - A: 0.240, B: 3.450, C: 0.655, D: 0.650, D: 2.290, and E: 1.855. Determine if the reduced levels calculated in part (a) were correct. (21 marks)
Figure Q
Q2. (a) What qualities does Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag give to hardened concrete. (8 Marks)
(b) State three types of concrete admixtures and explain the qualities one of them will give to a fresh concrete mix. (6 Marks)
(c) Explain the following:- (i) Structural concrete. (ii) Fibre Reinforcing (iii) Shear, Tension, and Compression. (12 Marks)
(d) What is the calorific value of a material in a fire. (7 Marks)
Section B – Please use a separate answer book for this Section
Q4. a) Describe strategies for natural ventilation in buildngs. Make specific reference to building orientation and site layout, single and cross ventilation. (6 marks)
b) Describe the relationship between air inlet size and height in a building. What implications has this on the ventilation strategies likely to be employed on the upper floors of a building. (7 marks) c) A shopping centre is to be cooled using natural (stack) ventilation. The shopping centre has vents at a low level and in the roof. If the free area of the lower vents is 6m^2 and the height difference between the vents is 30m, calculate the required size of the free area of the top vents if a volume flow rate of 14m^3 /s is to be developed in the stack. Assume that the mean internal air temperature is 32°C, the external air temperature 22°C, and the Coefficient of discharge of the openings is 0.61. (20 marks)
Useful formulae ∆P = gh(ρo – ρi ) ( ) t (^) ( + t )
= × +
( ) av
V CdAn gh o t ρ = 2 ρ^ −ρ
( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )^2
An Ain ∑ A out
Q5.
(a) Identify and discuss strategies and criteria for integration of services within the depth of a beam close to the middle of the span of the beam and close to the supports. (13 marks)
(b) Identify the strengths and weaknesses of cellular, castellated and haunched beams for use in longspan construction. Make specific reference to service integration. (20 marks)
Q6.
(a) When detailing the reinforcement in a reinforced concrete beam explain the following specify bar description 10 R 1506-150-b2 (6 marks)
(b) Describe and sketch common shear reinforcement in RC beams. Outline where and why is it used, and how it differs from longitudinal reinforcement. (6 marks)
(c) The figure below shows an elevation detailing the reinforcement of a concrete beam of rectangular cross section 300 wide by 400mm deep. Draw cross sections through the beams at points 1, 2, and 3 showing the details and marking of the reinforcement. Assume a standard cover to the bars (21 marks)
4 R 1004-100 8 R 1004-
2400
9 R 1004-
2600
2 R 1203 & 2R 1205
02 02 2 R 1601 & 2 R 1202
1
1
2
2 500
05
2000
3
3
4 R 1004-100 8 R 1004-
2400
9 R 1004-
2600
2 R 1203 & 2R 1205
02 02 2 R 1601 & 2 R 1202
1
1
2
2 500
05
2000
3
3
Table 2 PYROK CV
Sprayed vermiculite cement
Table 2 PYROK CV
Sprayed vermiculite cement
