University Physics 1: A Comprehensive Syllabus for AP10008, Lecture notes of Physics

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University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics 1

University Physics 1 (AP10008):

A Brief Introduction

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics 2

Lecturer: Dr. Haitao Huang, Associate Professor Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong PolyU Tel: 27665694; Office: BC Homepage: http://ap.polyu.edu.hk/apahthua

Consultation Time : Monday (15:00-16:30); Thursday (10:30-11:30); or by appointment

Textbook: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, J.W.Jewett and Jr. R.A.Serway, Brooks/Cole (9th Edition); http://webassign.net

Log into LEARN@PolyU: find lecture notes & tutorial questions in “Content”

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Assessment Weighting:

Final Exam: 60% The final exam will be in the form of close-book test. Equation list will be provided. Course work: 40% Two mid-term tests: 30% (50 mins each) Homework: 10% (~10 assignments, the first one not counted) Features:

• Many physics concepts will be learned. Calculus is unavoidable but will be kept to the least extent.
• Plenty of exercises and examples are provided in each chapter.
• Your understanding of the concepts and principles will be strengthened through a broad range of interesting applications to the real world. Plenty of video demonstrations will be shown.
• You will be trained to be clear in concept , precise in definition , and accurate in thought.

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics

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Intended Learning Outcomes:

__Definitive Program Document

• solve simple problems in single-particle mechanics using calculus and vectors;
• solve problems in mechanics of many-particle systems using calculus and vectors;
• define simple harmonic motion and solve simple problems;
• explain the formation of acoustic standing waves and beats;
• use Doppler’s effect to explain changes in frequency received;
• explain ideal gas laws in terms of kinetic theory;
• apply the first law of thermodynamics to simple processes; and
• solve simple problems related to the Carnot cycle.

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics

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How to Succeed in This Course (2) Working in groups: Frequent discussion with your classmates and debate on interesting topics will help you understand physics principles better.

Learning Physics from Hands-on Experience: Do a well preparation for each experiment. Understand the physical principles involved in the experiment. Do the experiment carefully and try your best to minimize human error.

Examinations: Physics builds on continuous fundamental ideals so that it is important to find out misunderstandings and correct them immediately. During the whole semester, you will be given two mid- term tests and a few multiple choices from time to time.

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics

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How to Succeed in This Course (3)

Last but not least:

Solve problems

No one expects a guitarist to learn to play by going to concerts or by spending hours reading transcriptions.

Guitarists Practice.

Guitarists play the guitar until their fingertips are calloused.

Physicists practice solving problems until doing so seems easy.

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics

Classical Mechanics: Newton’s law

Electrodynamics: Maxwell’s equations

Optics: Fermat’s principle

Thermodynamics: First, second and third laws

Quantum Mechanics: Schrödinger’s equation

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Essence of Physics

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (^) The Big Pictures

Physics discoveries have been driving almost all technological development

• Transistors in computers come from very fundamental research in Quantum Mechanics (in the 1950s)
• Same from lasers now heavily used in many areas
• http://www was developed in a physics research environment

Many areas of physics are pursuing their long-term quests

• Particle, Nuclear, Atomic, Solid-state physics
• Astronomy and Astrophysics
• …

Surprisingly, a LOT remains to be understood

• Things as “basic” as the nucleon-nucleon interaction and the process of binding a nucleus are not well understood…

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (^) The Big Pictures

Biophysics

• 21st century will see rapid interdisciplinary convergence of physics and molecular biology
• Laser tweezers
• RNA Polymerase II protein

Nuclear Fusion

• Fusion powers the Sun
• ITER will be built in France to study experimental and theoretical questions related to power production using fusion

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (^) The Big Pictures

New areas of research emerge Often at the frontiers of “standard” fields

• Solid-state physics + Atomic Physics = Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Very promising technological advances

• Solid-state vs. Nuclear Physics = Mesoscopic Physics Need to start from the beginning: Classical Mechanics
• Already useful to understand and tackle a lot of interesting problems!

Physics is closely related to everyday life: For example, mechanics involve in: Sports:

Travel:

Entertainment: Insects: (water strider)

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics 1

Chapter 1 Physics and Measurement Objectives:

• Fundamental Quantities and Basic Units
• Dimensional Analysis and Unit Conversion
• Order of Magnitude
• Significant Figures

Prefixes

• Prefixes correspond to powers of 10.
• Each prefix has a specific name and a specific abbreviation.
• The prefixes can be used with any basic units.
• They are multipliers of the basic unit.

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics

Fundamental and Derived Units

• Derived quantities can be expressed as a mathematical combination of fundamental quantities.
• Examples:
  • Area: A product of two lengths
  • Speed: A ratio of a length to a time interval
  • Density: A ratio of mass to volume

University Physics 1----by Dr.H.Huang, Department of Applied Physics

Quick Quiz In a machine shop, two cams are produced, one of aluminum and one of iron. Both cams have the same mass. Which cam is larger?

(a) The aluminum cam is larger.

(b) The iron cam is larger.

(c) Both cams have the same size.

Hint: The difference between mass and density