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A set of practice questions and answers related to the pjm generation dispatcher exam. It covers various aspects of power system operation, including voltage regulation, generator limits, synchronization, emergency procedures, and reactive power management. The questions are designed to test the understanding of key concepts and procedures relevant to the role of a generation dispatcher within the pjm interconnection.
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An EXCITER on a traditional generator does what? - ANSWER-Voltage regulation (AVR) if you change the excitation current, you change the voltage. ECO Min, ECO Max, and EMERG Max are genrator _________________. - ANSWER-Limits When synchronizing to the interconnection, what needs to be synchronized? - ANSWER-Frequency, Voltage, and phase angle. GMD (GeoMagnetic Disturbance) procedure is implemented when? - ANSWER-10A or greater is measured by special equipment at Missouri Ave or Meadowbrook and the measurement is confirmed by one of the following other sources: Excess transformer current @ Meadowbrook, Beddington, Donbs, or Black Oak, high MVAR requirements on transformers @ Hopw Creek or Salem nuclear subs, or high DC measurements @ Limerick or Peach Bottom. What are the 2 types of National Terrorism Advisory Alerts? - ANSWER-Elevated and Imminent. What action does PJM take for a terrorist attack, fuel delivery emergency, or GMD's? - ANSWER- Conservative Operations What does PJM put the most emphasis on during a terrorist/sabotage event? - ANSWER-Operations and Communications What does PJM request during a low voltage alert? - ANSWER-RRC - reactive reserve check PJM issues a Heavy Load Voltage Warning how many hours prior to implementation? - ANSWER-4 hours What should generation owners/operators do during a High System Voltage Action? - ANSWER-Operate at the lower bandwidth of the voltage schedule.
How many hours do you have to report a 24-hr reportable NERC disturbance? - ANSWER-6 hours What report is generated during a Max Emergency Gen Alert? - ANSWER-SSR - Supplementary Status Report What part of the SSR is the Fuel Limited Resources accounted for? - ANSWER-Part G Resource Limited Units which are units that are not able to run at max capacity for more than 72 hours. What kind of Emergency Procedures occur during real time operating hours? - ANSWER-Actions What is the per Unit (p.u.) for a 345 kV nominal voltage that is currently at 348 kV? - ANSWER-348/345 = 1.008 pu What is the Emergency Reducible Generation (ERG) if the Eco Min is 100 and the Emergency Min is 75? - ANSWER-Eco Min - Emerg Min = 25MW How many Black Start units are required for critical load/TO zone? - ANSWER-2 Black Start units What is the minimum amount of hours for fuel supply for Black Start units? - ANSWER-10 hours, must notify PJM when it reaches that level. Regulation must be attainable within how many minutes? - ANSWER- ACE - Area Control Error is used to balance what 2 things? - ANSWER-Generation and Load If your ACE in your control area is -1500, what would you do? - ANSWER-100% spinning (synchronized) reserves Synchronized reserves is generation output from a synchronized resource that can be increased w/in 10 min or? - ANSWER-Reduction in load from a synchronized resource w/in 10 min.
PJM sends what signals to Market Operation Centers? - ANSWER-ACE, Regulation, and Dispatch PJM instructs your Generator to come online. From what time to the time it is running? - ANSWER- Notification time + Time to start Operating reserves consists of what? - ANSWER-Synchronized reserves, non-synchronized reserves (quick start), and supplemental reserves (secondary) Regulating units (demand response resources) provide a variable amount of generation under automatic control to provide what? - ANSWER-Correction for small deviations in load. Where's the ideal point for regulation to operate? - ANSWER-Midpoint What type of outage may be deferred to beyond the next weekend or can be postponed to the following Mon morning at 0800? - ANSWER-Maintenance outage How long is a maintenance outage during PPM- Peak Period Maintenance? - ANSWER-9 days How long is a maintenance outage during non-Peak Period Maintenance? - ANSWER-Unlimited When ambient temperatures are low, what happens to CT operation? - ANSWER-MW increased as temperature decreases. What is the maximum amount of reactive power increments put onto the grid during a reactive power capability test at one time? - ANSWER-100 MVAR Who can authorize a voltage schedule change? - ANSWER-TO - Transmission Owner How many days prior must you put in for a reactive capability test request in eDart? - ANSWER-No later than 3 business days prior to the test.
What size generators are required to perform reactive capability tests? - ANSWER->= 20 MW >= 75MW What black start generation is restored before request for customer load? - ANSWER-Cranking power for combustion turbines. How often are Black Start units tested? - ANSWER-Yearly/annualy Black start unit must be able to close onto a dead bus in how many hours? - ANSWER- Who has to fill out restoration forms? - ANSWER-Generator and Transmission owners How often does a generator owner need to report restoration information via restoration form? - ANSWER-Hourly What information is included in a restoration form for Generation? - ANSWER-Units online and future How often does transmission owner need to report restoration information? - ANSWER-Every 30 min or 10 lines restored During restoration what is the frequency control range? - ANSWER-59.75 - 61.0 Hz What permits the manual closing of a circuit breaker between 2 control areas? - ANSWER-Synchroscope What is the normal frequency control mode used by PJM? - ANSWER-Tie-line bias A unit running for transmission congestion is subject to what? - ANSWER-Price cost capping What kind of transformers are used to measure power line voltages? - ANSWER-Potential Transformers What is the lowest voltage in the BES? - ANSWER-100 kV