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Radiographic Image Analysis Ch.3 Chest & Abdomen, Exams of Radiography

A.T. Still University of Health Sciences (ATSU)Radiography

Radiographic Image Analysis Ch.3 Chest & Abdomen

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 06/23/2024

CarlyBlair
CarlyBlair 🇺🇸

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Radiographic Image Analysis Ch.3 Chest &
Abdomen
Why is a 72" SID used for chest projections? -
To decrease magnification of the heart and lung details
For the PA chest projection the pt position should be ___________? -
Upright
For the PA chest projection the pt head position should be? -
Upright and facing forwRd
During a PA chest, What situation would prevent a patient from placing their chest in direct contact
with the Bucky? -
Severe kyphosis
Which body plane is parallel for the PA chest projection? -
Midcoronal
True or False. You should take exposure on 1st deep inhalation for a PA chest x Ray? -
False
72 is ______ cm ? -
183
What approximate kVp should be used for a PA chest projection? -
120
For the pa chest The CR should enter the pt at the level of ________? -
T7 (inferior border of scapul)
The CR angle for PA chest should be ? -
0 degrees
List 3 reasons a pt should be upright for the PA chest projection? -
1. Prevents engorgement of pulmonary vessels
2. Gravity depresses diaphragm
3. To demonstrate air fluid levels
Why is the PA chest the most commonly Desired chest exposure? -
It is used to minimize the distortion and magnification of the heart shadow
On normal inspiration the costal muscles pull the anterior ribs ________________ and
______________ . -
Superiorly and laterally
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Radiographic Image Analysis Ch.3 Chest &

Abdomen

Why is a 72" SID used for chest projections? - To decrease magnification of the heart and lung details For the PA chest projection the pt position should be ___________? - Upright For the PA chest projection the pt head position should be? - Upright and facing forwRd During a PA chest, What situation would prevent a patient from placing their chest in direct contact with the Bucky? - Severe kyphosis Which body plane is parallel for the PA chest projection? - Midcoronal True or False. You should take exposure on 1st deep inhalation for a PA chest x Ray? - False 72 is ______ cm? - 183 What approximate kVp should be used for a PA chest projection? - 120 For the pa chest The CR should enter the pt at the level of ________? - T7 (inferior border of scapul) The CR angle for PA chest should be? - 0 degrees List 3 reasons a pt should be upright for the PA chest projection? -

  1. Prevents engorgement of pulmonary vessels
  2. Gravity depresses diaphragm
  3. To demonstrate air fluid levels Why is the PA chest the most commonly Desired chest exposure? - It is used to minimize the distortion and magnification of the heart shadow On normal inspiration the costal muscles pull the anterior ribs ________________ and ______________. - Superiorly and laterally

On deep inspiration the costal muscles pull the anterior ribs ____________ and ____________ and also the diaphragm moves ______________. - Superiorly and laterally Inferiorly List 4 structures shown on a PA chest x ray - Air filled trachea The lungs Diaphragmatic domes Heart and aortic arch There are 8 different key points of evaluation criteria for a PA chest x Ray- list them - -proper collimation -entire lung field -no rotation -scapulae outside of lung field -10 posterior ribs above diaphragm -sharp outlines of heart and diaphragm -faint shadow of ribs and vertebrae through heart shadow -lung marking from hilum to periphery of the lung List 3 image criteria that indicate there is no rotation on a PA chest image - -Sternal ends of clavicles equidistant from spine -trachea visible in midline -equal distance from spine to lateral border of ribs on each side On a PA chest image where rotation is shown via uneven sternoclavicular joints the side that has the least amount of vertebral column superimposition is also going to be the side that is ____________ from the IR - Farthest On a PA chest image where rotation is shown via uneven rib lengths, the side with the longest posterior rib is also the side that is _____________ from the IR - Farthest Without depression of the shoulders on a PA chest the lateral ends of the clavicles will be __________ - Elevated By depressing the shoulders for a PA chest x Ray the clavicles are demonstrated ___________ - Away from the apical chest region Accurate positioning of the shoulders for the PA chest includes _____________ of the shoulders and elbows _____________ - Protraction, anteriorly Without protraction of the shoulders in a PA chest, the scapulae are seen __________________ - Superimposing the superolateral lung field

On a lateral chest x Ray you will see the posterior ribs with approximately how much separation between the right and left? - 0.5" When evaluating a lateral chest image, you notice that the right and left posterior ribs have a separation of 1". What does this indicate? - The chest is rotated When correcting rotation on a lateral chest x Ray you notice that the left lung is much more anterior than the right lung. How would you correct this? - Adjust the left lung by moving it more posteriorly about 1/2 the distance demonstrated between the ribs Patients with ___________ will have lateral chest images where the lung field may appear to be rotated due to ______________ deviation of the vertebral column - Scoliosis, lateral True or False. Posterior rib separation beyon 0.5" is acceptable in a scoliosis pt on a lateral chest x ray - True On a lat chest x Ray, lung tissue is not demonstrated anterior to the sternum, this indicative of what positioning error? - Patient was positioned with their left thorax rotated anteriorly and right posteriorly On a lat chest x Ray the eleventh thoracic vertebra is demonstrated inferior to the hemidiaphragms, this is indicative of what positioning error? - Projection was not taken after full inspiration On a lat chest x Ray the hemidiaphragms are not superimposed, this is indicative of what positioning error? - Pt midsaggital plan is not parallel with IR Full lung aeration for a lat chest x Ray has been accomplished when the ____________ are inferior to the 11th thoracic vertebrae - Hemidiaphragms If an image is taken on expiration there will be an increase in ___________ due to the decrease of __________________ in the lungs - Brightness , air volume ______ % of people have a slightly elevated right lung due to liver placement - 90 On a lateral chest x Ray the left hemidiaphragms is projected lower than the right and the heart shadow is not magnified, this is indicative of? - Image is a right lateral projection with pt right side against IR

True or False. For a lateral chest x Ray the midcoronal plane should be at the 8th thoracic vertebra and at the center of the exposure field - True When should the exposure be taken for a ventilated patient? - When the manometer digital bar or analog needle moves to its highest position List 3 lung conditions that will affect vascular lung marking visualization - Pneumothorax, pneumectomy, pleural effusion When selecting the tech factors for a chest projection and a pneumothorax is suspected you should _______ the kV _______ from the routinely used setting - Decrease, 8% If pleural effusion is suspected you should ___________ the mAs by _______ over the routinely used setting - Increase, 35% True or False. It is within the radiographers scope of practice to inform the radiologist or attending physician immediately when a mispositioned device, line or Catheter is suspected? - True __________ is a surgical procedure that creates an opening into the trachea to provide an airway. - Tracheotomy _________ is a large stiff plastic thick walled tube inserted through the patients nose or mouth into the trachea. It is used to manage the patients airway, for mechanical ventilation and for suctioning - ETT( endotracheal tube) Projections taken for ___________ placement should demonstrate penetration of the upper mediastinal region, and the longitudinal collimation should remain open to the bottom lip to include the upper airway. - ETT (endotracheal tube) The ________ ____________ _________ is a 1.25 cm diameter thick walled tube that is used to remove fluid or air from the pleural space that could result in collapse of lung. - Pleural drainage tube Projections taken for __________ should visualize the radiopaque identification line interruption at the side hole - Pleural drainage tube The __________ is a small 2-3mm radiopaque catheter uses to allow infusion of substances that are too toxic for peripheral infusion, such as for chemotherapy, or total parenteral nutrition, dialysis or blood transfusions and to meAsure central venous pressure - Central venous catheter