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Unit 1 (page 157)
1 often/sometimes 2 since 3 next month/soon 4 up to then 5 next week 6 currently
1 have you been studying 2 ’s/is buying or ’s/is going to buy 3 has become 4 had … started 5 ’m driving 6 was walking
1 currently 2 Up till then 3 Nowadays 4 Recently 5 In the long term 6 From now on
1 b 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 b
1 ’ll be doing 2 is always 3 are 4 hasn’t been 5 had been 6 was having 7 is still 8 been cleaning
1 ’re building 2 have … been doing 3 ’ll … be working 4 ’ve been living 5 ’ve known 6 are moving 7 was walking
Unit 2 (page 159)
1 was – ’ve been 2 hasn’t been – didn’t go 3 won’t be arrived – won’t have arrived 4 ’ve been having – ’ve had 5 she’d leave – she’d left 6 ’m wearing – ’ve worn glasses or ’ve been wearing glasses 7 saw – ’ve seen
1 haven’t eaten 2 ’d … seen 3 have you been working 4 will have become 5 ’ve known 6 hadn’t started
1 ’ve been living or ’ve lived 2 hadn’t lived 3 told 4 couldn’t 5 ’ve been 6 haven’t been able to 7 ’ll have saved
1 was announced 2 is being built 3 must be finished 4 has been cancelled 5 will be given 6 had been eaten 7 needs to be passed
1 knew 2 get killed 3 get told 4 like 5 get paid 6 be caught 7 get hit 8 earn
1 Our car was broken into by a teenager from our street. 2 You can’t be seen by Dr Taylor 3 A new planet has been discovered by astronomers. 4 The old cinema is going to be bought by a fast food company. 5 he wasn’t given the right directions by the app on his phone 6 The environment is being destroyed by our actions.
Unit 3 (page 161)
1 wasn’t very good 2 quite a 3 is quite 4 a fairly 5 rather a / a rather 6 a pretty
1 a 2 b 3 b 4 a 5 a
Grammar summary: answer key
364
1 quite/rather 2 fairly/rather 3 not particularly 4 quite/rather 5 pretty 6 slightly/pretty 7 not very
1 It’s very freezing – It’s freezing 2 ✓ 3 ✓ 4 ✓ 5 It’s absolutely important – It’s very/really important 6 an extremely amazing – an (utterly/totally) amazing 7 utterly right – absolutely right
1 freezing 2 tired 3 stylish 4 tiny
5 cold 6 stunning 7 exhausted 8 small
1 very 2 really 3 incredibly 4 very 5 absolutely 6 incredibly 7 extremely
Unit 4 (page 163)
1 might 2 probably won’t 3 may not 4 likely 5 should 6 a good chance
1 There’s a good chance that our train will be late 2 He probably won’t come to our party 3 Perhaps we’ll all be driving electric cars 4 It’s likely that space travel will be a lot cheaper or Space travel is likely to be a lot cheaper 5 It’s possible that the government might raise interest rates
1 almost certainly 2 should/could 3 could 4 possible 5 unlikely 6 chances
1 had to 2 didn’t have to 3 didn’t have to buy / needn’t have bought 4 needn’t have worn 5 weren’t allowed to 6 didn’t need to go
1 shouldn’t have 2 should have 3 couldn’t have 4 must have 5 could have 6 might not have
1 can’t/couldn’t have driven 2 shouldn’t have eaten 3 should have left 4 must have seen 5 might have bought 6 must have opened (also acceptable: must be open )
Unit 5 (page 165)
1 was Francis that called Ben last night 2 ’s more free time that I’d like, not money 3 ’s the way her manager speaks to her that she doesn’t like 4 was the flights that cost us the most 5 ’s the reasons why the project failed that the report is going to focus on 6 ’s in January that the students find out their results
1 I hate in winter is the cold weather 2 we forgot to do is (to) lock our front door 3 I loved was being able to relax on a beach 4 she liked most was the film’s ending 5 the airline won’t do is (to) refund our tickets 6 you’re going to see now is a summary of the research
1 I did think 2 will 3 She did seem to be ignoring 4 have 5 They did offer 6 She does work
1 b 2 c 3 b 4 a 5 c 6 b
1 go to one of the busier islands 2 go on a jungle hike 3 felt like relaxing on a beach 4 go elephant trekking 5 been snorkelling before 6 on the island
Unit 9 (page 173)
1 What’s more 2 Although 3 subsequently/afterwards 4 consequently 5 as well as / in addition to 6 Since/As
1 while 2 However 3 despite 4 since 5 Nevertheless
1 Most people expected Martinez to become president. However, Sanchez won easily. / Even though people expected Martinez to become president, Sanchez won easily. / In spite of the fact that people expected Martinez to become president, Sanchez won easily. 2 As well as visiting our friends in New York, we also spent some time in Boston. 3 Our offices are closed on Monday on account of the holiday. 4 Many motorists went out on the roads, in spite of the police’s warning to stay at home. 5 The hotel is very conveniently located. Moreover, it is very good value for money. 6 Even though I don’t normally like classical music, I really enjoyed the concert. / In spite of the fact that I don’t normally like classical music, I really enjoyed the concert. / I don’t normally like classical music. However, I really enjoyed the concert.
1 Not being very interested in the film, she left early. 2 Reading / While reading the contract, I realized I had made a big mistake. 3 Forgetting my friend’s birthday made her very angry. 4 Not wanting to spend too much money, they went on holiday nearby. 5 Looking / When looking around the room, I noticed an old school friend in the corner. 6 Walking into the house with his shoes on, he left dirt all over the floor.
1 compared 2 Given 3 Comparing 4 Having compared 5 giving 6 Having given
1 Considering 2 looking 3 hacking
4 Using 5 stealing 6 Assuming
Unit 10 (page 175)
1 He rarely buys a present for my birthday. 2 She absolutely loves listening to podcasts. 3 Luckily, I was offered the job. 4 In my opinion, we should postpone the meeting. 5 He was slightly annoyed by what I said. 6 She probably won’t respond to my email. 7 My driving test didn’t go very well.
1 very well 2 probably 3 absolutely, slightly 4 rarely 5 In my opinion 6 Luckily
1 Always he drinks – He always drinks 2 friendly – in a friendly way 3 lately – late 4 if I certainly can – I will certainly help you if I can. 5 very well going – going very well 6 fast drove – drove fast
1 really 2 fortunately 3 probably 4 always 5 late 6 quickly
1 he plays 2 do the buses arrive 3 it stops; can we 4 were the passengers 5 we had complained; did our neighbours switch off 6 have I won; I have 7 have they
1 not only 2 Only by 3 Rarely 4 Only after 5 Under no circumstances 6 No doubt
1 No way can we afford 2 Not until … will we 3 Little did she know 4 No sooner had she 5 Rarely have we
Unit 12 (page 179)
1 up to 3,000 people 2 under ten hours 3 as many as five years 4 hundreds of dollars 5 under fifty cars
1 -ish 2 Up to 3 stuff 4 or something 5 sort of 6 and so on
1 up to ten people 2 sort of boring 3 or something 4 and that sort of thing 5 two hours or so 6 he has forty-odd
Sentences 1, 3 and 4 have an incorrect use of would. 1 If you studied harder … 3 It was always very cold … or It always used to be very cold … 4 I think it will be or I think it’s going to be …
1 c 2 a 3 b 4 d 5 f 6 e
Example answers: A: Would you like some help? B: Yes, please. I’d like some information about the park. A: What type of information would you like? B: Oh, I’d like to know more about the wildlife and the plants and trees. It’s such a beautiful park. A: Well, would you like to look at these brochures? B: I’d like something more detailed. A: OK, would you like to look at one of these books? B: This one looks interesting. How much does it cost? A: It’s 30 euros. B: Oh, I expected it to be a little cheaper … A: Well, I could give you a discount. B: That would be great, thanks. A: OK, that’s 28 euros. B: Oh, er … I’ll take the brochures, thanks.
Unit 11 (page 177)
1 didn’t 2 had 3 not go 4 had been 5 would stop 6 moved 7 could 8 watch
1 ’s time you went home 2 wishes he earned/earnt more money 3 ’d just as soon she asked 4 only I’d stayed in touch 5 ’d rather cook the meal 6 wish my colleagues would knock
1 wish I hadn’t decided 2 would rather they didn’t make / wish they didn’t make 3 ’d rather live 4 it’s time I spoke 5 what if it doesn’t help 6 wish we lived 7 If only we’d decided
1 if I have time – if I had time 2 they’ll continue – they continue 3 she’ll be able – she’d be able 4 won’t – wouldn’t 5 would be – was 6 you remembered – you’d remembered
1 put 2 change 3 wouldn’t have 4 hadn’t been 5 lose/lost 6 ’ll/’d 7 don’t need 8 were 9 wouldn’t have bought 10 hadn’t spent 11 would have been able to / would be able to
1 Should … be 2 Had … known 3 Had … treated 4 Were 5 Had … not arrived 6 Should … sell
