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physio ex 4, Apuntes de Inmunología

Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)Inmunología
Prof. Domingo Casanova

Asignatura: INMUNOLOGIA, Profesor: Dr. Casanova, Carrera: Medicina, Universidad: UAM

Tipo: Apuntes

2014/2015

Subido el 15/10/2015

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Name: EBERTH ROYER HUARACHI LAURENTE
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 2: Plasma Glucose, Insulin, and Diabetes Mellitus Lab Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 5 out of 5 questions correctly.
1. Which of the following statements is false?
You correctly answered: d. Insulin is a hormone secreted into the stomach to aid with starch digestion.
2. Which of the following statements is true?
You correctly answered: d. All of these statements are true.
3. A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus implies that
You correctly answered: b. the pancreas is not producing sufficient insulin.
4. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus implies that
You correctly answered: c. the cells of the body are unresponsive to circulating insulin.
5. Glucagon is a hormone
You correctly answered: b. that opposes the action of insulin.
10/14/15 page 1
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Name: EBERTH ROYER HUARACHI LAURENTE

Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 2: Plasma Glucose, Insulin, and Diabetes Mellitus Lab Report

Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 5 out of 5 questions correctly.

  1. Which of the following statements is false? You correctly answered: d. Insulin is a hormone secreted into the stomach to aid with starch digestion.
  2. Which of the following statements is true? You correctly answered: d. All of these statements are true.
  3. A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus implies that You correctly answered: b. the pancreas is not producing sufficient insulin.
  4. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus implies that You correctly answered: c. the cells of the body are unresponsive to circulating insulin.
  5. Glucagon is a hormone You correctly answered: b. that opposes the action of insulin.

Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question: To measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample Your answer : a. the glucose concentration of the sample will be measured and the optical density will be extrapolated from the glucose standard curve.

Stop & Think Questions: Why does the color in the tubes vary? Your answer : a. The tubes contain different volumes. Correct answer: c. The tubes contain different amounts of glucose.

Experiment Data:

Tube Optical Density Glucose (mg/deciliter) Part 1 1 0.30 30 2 0.50 60 3 0.60 90 4 0.80 120 5 1.00 150 Part 2 1 0.73 104 2 0.79 114 1 0.73 160

Review Sheet Results

  1. What is a glucose standard curve, and why did you need to obtain one for this experiment? Did you correctly predict how you would measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample using the glucose standard curve? Your answer:

From its linear structure, D-glucose undergoes cyclization to form the hemiacetal to give their furan and pyran forms (D-glucofuranose and F-glucopyranose) which in turn exhibit alpha and beta anomers. These anomers differ no structural composition, but different physical and chemical characteristics.

  1. Which patient(s) had glucose reading(s) in the diabetic range? Can you say with certainty whether each of these patients has type 1 or type 2 diabetes? Why or why not? Your answer: Heterotrophic beings, like animals, are unable to perform this process and take glucose from other living beings or synthesized from other organic compounds. Glucose can be obtained from other sugars such as fructose or galactose. Another possibility is the synthesis of glucose from non glucidic molecules, a process known as gluconeogenesis. There are various precursor molecules, such as lactate, oxaloacetate and glycero
  2. Describe the diagnosis for patient 3, who was also pregnant at the time of this assay. Your answer: Together with fructose and galactose, glucose is one of three types of monosaccharides present in foods and during digestion are absorbed directly into the human bloodstream; their presence determines the level of blood sugar or glucose.
  3. Which patient(s) had normal glucose reading(s)? Your answer: The blood glucose levels are useful for determining whether or not a person has diabetes. For these levels there are a number of tests, such as conducting a urine test (in which the presence of glucose or ketones is sought), another simple finger prick test using a meter that measures the amount of glucose, though not often enough, or fasting blood test, which is the ideal test.
  4. What are some lifestyle choices these patients with normal plasma glucose readings might recommend to the borderline impaired patients? Your answer: There are also certain drugs that influence the level of blood sugar rises and falls. For this reason, before the analysis it is important to tell your doctor the medications you are taking, so as to avoid misdiagnosis.