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Unit 6: Poststructuralism, Apuntes de Relaciones Internacionales

Asignatura: Historia y teoría de las relaciones internacionales, Profesor: , Carrera: Global Bachelor´s Degree in International Relations, Universidad: UEM

Tipo: Apuntes

2014/2015

Subido el 03/04/2015

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HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
6. Poststructuralism
Dr. Javier Morales
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HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

6. Poststructuralism

Dr. Javier Morales [email protected]

Contents 6.1. What is Poststructuralism? 6.2. Topics for Research

6.1. What is Poststructuralism?

  • Michel FOUCAULT (1926-
  • French philosopher
  • Use of discourse analysis
  • IR: influenced constructivism and especially poststructuralism
  • Works: The Archaeology of Knowledge , Discipline and Punish , The History of Sexuality...

6.1. What is Poststructuralism?

  • Meta-theoretical arguments:
    • Ontology: we cannot separate material facts from the language we use to represent them (Æ structure of intersubjective meanings). - Reality is “ideas all the way down”.
    • Epistemology: unlike constructivism, we have no access to the direct observation of the material world. - We can only analyze the production and re-production of discourses that create reality.

6.1. What is Poststructuralism?

  • Normative arguments:
    • Discourses are produced by someone and for some purpose (Æ Marxism)
    • Need to deconstruct the concepts we find in the social discourse, in order to uncover the processes that created them, power relations behind them, etc. Æ emancipation
    • Example: enemies are “created” by producing a discourse that separates “us” from “them”; inside vs. outside the political community, etc.

6.2. Topics for Research

  • Discourse: how language produces meaning that legitimates certain policies; competing discourses by different actors.
  • Deconstruction : showing dichotomies that give meaning to a concept and place it within a hierarchy (e.g. “freedom” vs. ????).
  • Genealogy : what social practices have given a concept (power, security…), its current meaning, and what alternative meanings have been marginalized.
  • Intertextuality : how different texts relate to each other to produce ideas (e.g. political declarations, history books)… Discover what is not mentioned and why.