Baixe Automação - copyqm e outras Notas de estudo em PDF para Engenharia Física, somente na Docsity!
Sydex
CopyQM
Quick Multiple Format/Copy/Verify for Diskettes
Sydex, Inc. P.O. Box 5700 Eugene, OR 97405 Voice: (503) 683- FAX: (503) 683- Data: (503) 683-
Table of Contents
- What is CopyQM?..............................................
- Requirements.................................................
- Getting Started..............................................
- CopyQM Operation.............................................
- CopyQM Command Line Syntax................................... - Basic Operating Options.................................... - Specifying A Different Drive for Reading................... - Display and Sounds......................................... - Converting Between Formats................................. - Memory Usage............................................... - Formatting and Verifying................................... - Diskette Image Files....................................... - Blind Mode................................................. - "Shelling Out" Between Copies.............................. - Miscellaneous Options......................................
- The COPYQM Environment Variable............................
- Locating Temporary Files...................................
- Command Examples...........................................
- Differences from Earlier Versions...........................
- Memory Usage................................................
- Diskette Image Files........................................
- Copying Modes...............................................
- Format Conversion...........................................
- Copy Verification...........................................
- Checking Copies.............................................
- Audible Signals.............................................
- "Smart" Formatting..........................................
- Quick Mode Copying..........................................
- Display Color Set...........................................
- Status Messages.............................................
- The ICOMMENT Utility........................................
- Specifying a Diskette Configuration.........................
- Copying of Apple Macintosh HD and DOS diskettes with no special processing. CopyQM will copy most PC-readable diskettes regardless of format with the "Blind" option. However, CopyQM will not copy low-density Apple Macin- tosh 800K diskettes.
- Formatting of diskettes only when needed with "SMART" mode option.
- Faster copying by copying only active data--the empty area on a partially-filled diskette is not copied.
- Verifying of copies can be performed in several modes, ranging from none to a byte-by-byte comparison of copied data with the master diskette.
- Selection of menu or command-line interface with com- plete on-line help.
- Choice of direct hardware controller access or use of BIOS routines.
CopyQM is also offered in a commercial "Plus" package with the following features:
- Support of ASCII or binary serial numbering of copies.
- Insertion of copy-protection information into copies.
- Maintenance of a diskette usage log.
- Diskette maintenance utility.
- Creation of self-extracting diskette image files.
- Execution of DOS commands or custom code overlays after each copy for support of labeling or auto-feeder devices.
_________________________________________________________________
2 Introduction
CopyQM will not:
Write copies on more than one drive simultaneously. However, Sydex does offer SyDupe, which will write on up to three diskette drives at the same time. For more information on SyDupe, please contact Sydex.
Copy proprietary (e.g., Amiga, Apple ][, Atari 820) or copy-protected formats.
Copy individual files. The smallest unit of informa- tion that CopyQM can deal with is an entire diskette.
Copy one hard disk to another. CopyQM is a diskette- copying utility.
Copy individual files from a hard disk to a diskette.
CopyQM is fast--in most cases it will copy at the best-case theoretical speed. The primary limitation in any diskette opera- tion is the time that it takes the diskette to complete one revolution. Our timings indicate that CopyQM can format, copy and verify a full 360K diskette in about 50 seconds. Larger capacity diskettes will, of course, require more time.
Requirements
At a minimum, the following four files are necessary for opera- tion of CopyQM:
CINSTALL.EXE installs CopyQM.
COPYQM.EXE implements the primary functions needed for dis- kette copying.
CQMENU.EXE contains a menu interface and all on-line help.
VIEWCONF.EXE is a utility to display the diskette configura- tion information being used by CopyQM.
_________________________________________________________________
Introduction 3
- Expanded memory, or LIM (Lotus-Intel-Microsoft), that is managed by a a driver that is compliant with EMS 4. or later.
- Additional diskette adapters. Sydex has tested the Micro Solutions Compaticard I, II and IV adapters. Cer- tain non-standard diskette adapters, such as the IBM PS/2 5.25" Diskette Adapter/A or the Micro Solutions Backpack tm drive may require that the BIOS interface option of CopyQM be selected.
CopyQM will operate under Microsoft's Windowstm or Quarterdeck's Desqviewtm. However, because diskette copying is a time-critical application, performance under any multi-tasking environment will be degraded somewhat. The actual amount of the degradation depends on several factors, including the scheduling algorithms used by the multitasking software. Use of the BIOS interface op- tion is recommended.
Executing more than one copy of CopyQM under control of a multi- tasking executive, such as Windows is not recommended. Severe performance degradation will result. If two sets of diskette copies are required, running two CopyQM sessions consecutively will result in significantly better performance than attempting to execute the sessions concurrently. For efficient concurrent operation on several diskette drives, contact Sydex about the SyDupe duplicating package.
CopyQM will support a total configuration of up to twelve dis- kette drives. A CopyQM session can make use of up to seven dis- kette drives--one for reading and six for writing.
Getting Started
To install CopyQM, execute the CINSTALL program. CINSTALL will copy all necessary files and perform several system checks re- lated to CopyQM execution. For example, if CopyQM is to be in- stalled from drive A:, enter the following command at the DOS prompt:
A:CINSTALL
_________________________________________________________________
Requirements 5
If you're using a portable computer with an LCD display, you may want to select a monochrome color set to improve display readability:
A:CINSTALL /MONO
In most cases, this is all that will be required to get CopyQM up and running.
First-time users should execute CopyQM through the menu interface furnished by CQMenu. Entering the following command at a DOS com- mand prompt will initiate execution of CQMenu:
CQMENU
CQMenu displays a menu and translates the menu choices into a com- mand line for CopyQM. After all selections have been made, COPYQM.EXE is located and read into memory overlaying CQMenu.
CQMenu also contains a full on-line help facility for CopyQM. Help related to the current selected menu item can be obtained by pressing F1. In addition, a general help facility which describes command-line syntax and configuration file setup can be displayed by pressing F1 a second time.
All of the features of CopyQM are not available through CQMenu's interface. Some of the more obscure facilities are accessible only through the DOS command line interface to CopyQM.
On-line help is available for the command-line syntax of CopyQM by entering the following command:
COPYQM /HELP
_________________________________________________________________
6 Getting Started
Enter copy count (ESCape to exit) -
Between 1 and 9,999 copies may be requested; after the desired number is entered, the Enter key is pressed. If the ESCape key is pressed instead, CopyQM will exit to DOS.
After the master diskette or image file has been read and processed, CopyQM begins the writing phase.
Up to six drives can be shown on the writing status display. Note that only those drives which support the diskette format cur- rently being copied are shown. For example, if a high-density 5.25" (1.2M) master diskette were being copied, only drives capable of high-density support would be displayed.
The "thermometer" bar displayed when writing diskettes shows the progress of the copy operation. A solid, red bar indicates that active data is being transferred; a hatched, green bar indicates that an inactive area is being formatted.
When all requested copies have been completed, the following mes- sage appears:
All copies done. Press any key to continue...
If the ESCape key is pressed before all copies have been written, the following message appears:
ESCape pressed. Press any key to continue...
If the ESCape key is pressed again, CopyQM exits to DOS. Any other key causes CopyQM to request the next master diskette for reading.
CopyQM Command Line Syntax
In order to get an idea of how to use CopyQM, consider the follow- ing hypothetical PC setup:
_________________________________________________________________
8 CopyQM Operation
Drive A: is a 1.44M 3.5" diskette drive Drive B: is a 1.2M 5.25" diskette drive Drive C: is a hard disk Drive D: is a 1.44M 3.5" diskette drive Drive E: is a 1.2M 5.25" diskette drive
The following commands illustrate how to construct commands to perform most common copying tasks:
- Copy a 3.5" diskette using one drive:
COPYQM A:
- Copy a 5.25" diskette using one drive:
COPYQM B:
- Copy a 5.25" diskette using two drives for writing:
COPYQM B: E:
- Copy a 5.25" 360K diskette to 3.5" 720K diskette:
COPYQM A: SOURCE=B: CONVERT=720K
- Copy a 3.5" diskette using pre-formatted diskettes:
COPYQM A: SMART
- Make an image file (MYIMAGE) of a 3.5" diskette:
COPYQM A: RECORD=C:MYIMAGE
- Make a 3.5" diskette from an image file (MYIMAGE):
COPYQM A: PLAYBACK=C:MYIMAGE
- Make one copy each of a set of 3.5" diskettes:
COPYQM A: COUNT=1 REPEAT
_________________________________________________________________
Command Line Syntax 9
tor virus. Before switching to BLIND copying, use any of the commercially available virus scanning packages to determine that the diskette does not contain a virus.
BLIND may be abbreviated as BL. To control the way in which BLIND mode processes a diskette, see the section titled SPECIFYING DISKETTE PARAMETERS IN BLIND MODE.
CHECK disables the writing of copies and enables a byte-by- byte comparison of copies with a master diskette. Use CHECK to verify that a diskette is a true unmodified copy of the original master. CHECK may be abbreviated as CH.
HELP or /HELP gets this on-line help display. H and /H will also activate the CopyQM help display.
Specifying A Different Drive for Reading
CopyQM normally uses the first drive specified to read the master diskette. However, there are some situations where the drive used for reading should not be used for writing the copies.
SOURCE specifies the drive to be used to read the master dis- kette. For example SOURCE=A: indicates that drive A: should be used to read the master diskette. Unless the same drive occurs in the drive list portion of the CopyQM command line, it will not be used for writing. SOURCE may be abbreviated to SO.
Display and Sounds
These options control the appearance of the display or the use of the PC's speaker:
MONO forces CopyQM to use a monochrome color set for all dis- plays. Normally, CopyQM will detect the presence of monochrome-only displays and change its operation ac- cordingly. However, some lap-top systems with LCD or plasma displays may give a more readable display if this option is used. MONO may be abbreviated as MO.
_________________________________________________________________
Command Line Syntax 11
NAG activates a "wake-up!" audio signal. If approximately 20 seconds of inactivity occur, a short tone will be sounded every 20 seconds until some action has been taken.
SILENT specifies that no audible signaling should be used at all. This is useful in environments where noise must be kept to a minimum, such as in a crowded office. SILENT may be abbreviated as SIL.
NOPAUSE disables a "Press any key to continue" message after the master diskette has been read and between each set of copies. The pause is normally inserted to give the user an opportunity to read any important status mes- sages before the screen is erased. NOPAUSE may be ab- breviated to NOP.
Converting Between Formats
The CONVERT option may be used to change the format of a master diskette and may be used with all copying modes; NORMAL, RECORD and PLAYBACK.
CONVERT specifies that the data on the master diskette is to be converted to a different format. A target format must be specified with this option and can be 360K, 720K, 1.2M, 1.44M or 2.88M. The diskette drive used for writing must be capable of supporting the target format. Thus, specifying CONVERT=360K when using a 3.5" DSDD master diskette will cause the data from this diskette to be re-formatted for writing to a 5.25" DSDD (360K) diskette.
The exact nature of the re-formatting operation depends on whether or not the BLIND option has been specified. If a normal DOS-mode copy is being done, the boot sec- tor and file allocation tables from the master diskette are modified to conform to the new format and the result will be a readable DOS diskette. It is impor- tant that the amount of data on the master diskette fit the new format. In other words, don't try to pour a quart of data into a pint-sized diskette.
_________________________________________________________________
12 Command Line Syntax
If both NOEMS and NOXMS are specified, all data that will not fit into main memory is written to hard disk. If hard disk storage is not available, an Insufficient Memory error is displayed.
Formatting and Verifying
Several options are available to control the manner in which CopyQM formats and verifies diskettes.
SMART indicates that CopyQM should assume that the current diskette is formatted and bypass the formatting opera- tion. Should an error occur while writing or format- ting, CopyQM will format the remainder of the diskette before writing to it. SMART may be abbreviated as SM. If no errors in the existing format have been detected at the point where the last cylinder of active data has been written, CopyQM will end processing of the dis- kette without checking the remainder of the diskette to see if it is formatted. However, if CopyQM has begun formatting after detecting an error in the existing for- mat, the area between the last cylinder of active data and the end of the diskette will be formatted unless the QUICK option (see following) has also been specified.
QUICK specifies that CopyQM should write copies only as far as the last cylinder containing active data. If QUICK is specified, no formatting is performed between the last cylinder of data and the end of the diskette, even if the diskette is not formatted. This will normally not affect reading from the diskette, but will inhibit writing any large amount of data to the diskette if it has not been pre-formatted. QUICK may be abbreviated to QU.
COMPARE changes the way in which data just written is verified. Normally, CopyQM simply reads the written data back without inspecting its actual content. If a computer system's hardware is operating correctly, the probability of an undetected error is vanishingly small and should suffice for all but the most demanding ap- plications. If COMPARE is specified, data is read back
14 Command Line Syntax
from the copy and compared with the data from the master diskette. The performance of CopyQM will be degraded somewhat if this option is specified because of added CPU overhead. COMPARE can be abbreviated as COM.
VERIFY specifies the extent and type of verification of writ- ten data that should be performed. Normally, CopyQM verifies data that lies between the start of the dis- kette and the last cylinder of data, but not between the last cylinder of data and the end of the diskette.
Specifying VERIFY=ALL, will cause the entire diskette to be verified by CopyQM.
Specifying VERIFY=NONE will bypass the verification process for the entire diskette.
VERIFY=DATA is the default which specifies that only active data will be verified.
VERIFY may be abbreviated as VE; ALL, NONE and DATA may be abbreviated as A, N and D, respectively.
Diskette Image Files
One of the unique features of CopyQM is its ability to create a DOS file which represents the exact image of a diskette. To make a DOS file from a diskette, one records the diskette. Re- creating the diskette from an image file is called playback. Any diskette that can be read by CopyQM can be recorded.
In addition, the ability to add a comment to the image file is offered. An image file's integrity is assured by a cyclical redundancy checksum (CRC) of the contents of the entire diskette image.
Diskette image files may be treated just as if they were master diskettes.
They may be converted to other formats (see the CONVERT option), and may be serial-numbered (CopyQM Plus only).
_________________________________________________________________
Command Line Syntax 15
Comment entry is not enabled with unregistered copies of CopyQM. However, a comment may be added to an image file with the ICOMMENT utility which accompanies regis- tered copies of CopyQM.
NOSQUEEZE disables the run-length encoding used on image files. If a very slow (PC XT-class) system is being used, this option may significantly improve the speed at which a diskette image file is created. However, any disk space benefits gained by compression will be lost. NOSQUEEZE can be abbreviated to NOS.
Blind Mode
If the BLIND copying option is specified, (see "Basic Operating Options" above), CopyQM will attempt to determine the format of the master diskette automatically. However, if the format of the master diskette is sufficiently different from "normal" dis- kettes, it may not be possible to correctly determine the format. There are several parameters which can be used to explicitly describe various aspects of a diskette format.
TRACKS specifies the number of tracks or cylinders to be copied. Normally, CopyQM assumes either 40 or 80 tracks, depending on the diskette density and drive type. However, there are some diskette formats which use a different number of tracks. For example, TRACKS=41 specifies that 41 tracks are to be copied. TRACKS may be abbreviated to TR.
SIDES explicitly specifies the number of diskette sides to be copied. Often, a single-sided format will contain unrelated data from another system on its second side. SIDES=1 will override CopyQM's determination that a dis- kette is double-sided. SIDES may be abbreviated to SID.
FIRST specifies the number of the first sector on a track. Normally, this sector is assumed to be 1, but some dis- kette formats use non-standard values, such as 0, for the first sector. FIRST=128 would specify that the first sector on a track is number 128. FIRST may be abbreviated to FI.
Command Line Syntax 17
"Shelling Out" Between Copies
For special processing of copies, such as creation of labels, or maintenance of a copy log, CopyQM Plus offers facilities to ex- ecute DOS commands after each copy is written.
CopyQM Plus also has a facility for serial numbering; contact Sydex for details about upgrading a standard license to CopyQM Plus.
CopyQM Plus offers a method to insert copy-protection informa- tion. Contact Sydex for details.
Miscellaneous Options
Several options do not fit neatly into any of the above categories and are described here:
CMD specifies that a CopyQM command is continued in a named ASCII file. Within such a file, line boundaries are ignored and a statement may be up to 512 characters long. For example,
COPYQM A: CMD=MOREPARS
indicates that extra command information is contained in the file MOREPARS. A command file may itself in- clude a CMD option; however, a "circular" command file structure is not detected by CopyQM and will result in a never-ending loop.
RETRIES specifies that CopyQM writes be retried a specified maximum number of times. For example RETRIES= specifies that write operations that fail may be retried up to 13 times. Normally, write failures are retried a maximum of three times. RETRIES may be ab- breviated to RET.
_________________________________________________________________
18 Command Line Syntax
