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Análise de Termos Elétricos: Induível, Capacitivo e Couplings, Notas de estudo de Mecatrônica

Este documento aborda os termos 'induced emf' e 'counter emf', além do significado de 'coupled circuits' e 'coefficient of coupling'. Discutimos o crescimento do corrente e do campo magnético, a importância do material de revestimento do núcleo e a variação da indutância. O texto também trata sobre a capacitância, a influência do material dielectrico e a carga/descarga de capacitores.

Tipologia: Notas de estudo

2012

Compartilhado em 01/09/2012

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DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
NONRESIDENT
TRAINING
COURSE
SEPTEMBER 1998
Navy Electricity and
Electronics Training Series
Module 2—Introduction to
Alternating Current and
Transformers
NAVEDTRA 14174
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DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

NONRESIDENT

TRAINING

COURSE

SEPTEMBER 1998

Navy Electricity and

Electronics Training Series

Module 2—Introduction to

Alternating Current and

Transformers

NAVEDTRA 14174

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Although the words “he,” “him,” and “his” are used sparingly in this course to enhance communication, they are not intended to be gender driven or to affront or discriminate against anyone.

ii

Sailor’s Creed

I am a United States Sailor.

I will support and defend the

Constitution of the United States of

America and I will obey the orders

of those appointed over me.

I represent the fighting spirit of the

Navy and those who have gone

before me to defend freedom and

democracy around the world.

I proudly serve my country’s Navy

combat team with honor, courage

and commitment.

I am committed to excellence and

the fair treatment of all.”

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

  1. Concepts of Alternating Current .............................................................................. 1-
  2. Inductance ................................................................................................................ 2-
  3. Capacitance .............................................................................................................. 3-
  4. Inductive and Capacitive Reactance......................................................................... 4-
  5. Transformers ............................................................................................................ 5-

APPENDIX

I. Glossary.................................................................................................................. AI-

II. Greek Alphabet....................................................................................................... AII-

III. Square and Square Roots........................................................................................ AIII-

IV. Useful AC Formulas............................................................................................... AIV-

V. Trigonometric Functions ........................................................................................ AV-

VI. Trigonometric Tables ............................................................................................. AVI-

INDEX ......................................................................................................................... INDEX-

v

Module 11, Microwave Principles, explains microwave oscillators, amplifiers, and waveguides.

Module 12, Modulation Principles, discusses the principles of modulation.

Module 13, Introduction to Number Systems and Logic Circuits, presents the fundamental concepts of number systems, Boolean algebra, and logic circuits, all of which pertain to digital computers.

Module 14, Introduction to Microelectronics, covers microelectronics technology and miniature and microminiature circuit repair.

Module 15, Principles of Synchros, Servos, and Gyros, provides the basic principles, operations, functions, and applications of synchro, servo, and gyro mechanisms.

Module 16, Introduction to Test Equipment, is an introduction to some of the more commonly used test equipments and their applications.

Module 17, Radio-Frequency Communications Principles, presents the fundamentals of a radio- frequency communications system.

Module 18, Radar Principles, covers the fundamentals of a radar system.

Module 19, The Technician's Handbook, is a handy reference of commonly used general information, such as electrical and electronic formulas, color coding, and naval supply system data.

Module 20, Master Glossary, is the glossary of terms for the series.

Module 21, Test Methods and Practices, describes basic test methods and practices.

Module 22, Introduction to Digital Computers, is an introduction to digital computers.

Module 23, Magnetic Recording, is an introduction to the use and maintenance of magnetic recorders and the concepts of recording on magnetic tape and disks.

Module 24, Introduction to Fiber Optics, is an introduction to fiber optics.

Embedded questions are inserted throughout each module, except for modules 19 and 20, which are reference books. If you have any difficulty in answering any of the questions, restudy the applicable section.

Although an attempt has been made to use simple language, various technical words and phrases have necessarily been included. Specific terms are defined in Module 20, Master Glossary.

Considerable emphasis has been placed on illustrations to provide a maximum amount of information. In some instances, a knowledge of basic algebra may be required.

Assignments are provided for each module, with the exceptions of Module 19, The Technician's Handbook ; and Module 20, Master Glossary. Course descriptions and ordering information are in NAVEDTRA 12061, Catalog of Nonresident Training Courses.

vi

Throughout the text of this course and while using technical manuals associated with the equipment you will be working on, you will find the below notations at the end of some paragraphs. The notations are used to emphasize that safety hazards exist and care must be taken or observed.

WARNING

AN OPERATING PROCEDURE, PRACTICE, OR CONDITION, ETC., WHICH MAY

RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH IF NOT CAREFULLY OBSERVED OR

FOLLOWED.

CAUTION

AN OPERATING PROCEDURE, PRACTICE, OR CONDITION, ETC., WHICH MAY

RESULT IN DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT IF NOT CAREFULLY OBSERVED OR

FOLLOWED.

NOTE

An operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., which is essential to emphasize.

viii

PASS/FAIL ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURES

If your overall course score is 3.2 or higher, you will pass the course and will not be required to resubmit assignments. Once your assignments have been graded you will receive course completion confirmation.

If you receive less than a 3.2 on any assignment and your overall course score is below 3.2, you will be given the opportunity to resubmit failed assignments. You may resubmit failed assignments only once. Internet students will receive notification when they have failed an assignment--they may then resubmit failed assignments on the web site. Internet students may view and print results for failed assignments from the web site. Students who submit by mail will receive a failing result letter and a new answer sheet for resubmission of each failed assignment.

COMPLETION CONFIRMATION

After successfully completing this course, you will receive a letter of completion.

ERRATA

Errata are used to correct minor errors or delete obsolete information in a course. Errata may also be used to provide instructions to the student. If a course has an errata, it will be included as the first page(s) after the front cover. Errata for all courses can be accessed and viewed/downloaded at:

http://www.advancement.cnet.navy.mil

STUDENT FEEDBACK QUESTIONS

We value your suggestions, questions, and criticisms on our courses. If you would like to communicate with us regarding this course, we encourage you, if possible, to use e-mail. If you write or fax, please use a copy of the Student Comment form that follows this page.

For subject matter questions:

E-mail: [email protected] Phone: Comm: (850) 452-1001, ext. 1728 DSN: 922-1001, ext. 1728 FAX: (850) 452- (Do not fax answer sheets.) Address: COMMANDING OFFICER NETPDTC N 6490 SAUFLEY FIELD ROAD PENSACOLA FL 32509-

For enrollment, shipping, grading, or completion letter questions

E-mail: [email protected] Phone: Toll Free: 877-264- Comm: (850) 452-1511/1181/ DSN: 922-1511/1181/ FAX: (850) 452- (Do not fax answer sheets.) Address: COMMANDING OFFICER NETPDTC N 6490 SAUFLEY FIELD ROAD PENSACOLA FL 32559-

NAVAL RESERVE RETIREMENT CREDIT

If you are a member of the Naval Reserve, you will receive retirement points if you are authorized to receive them under current directives governing retirement of Naval Reserve personnel. For Naval Reserve retirement, this course is evaluated at 10 points. (Refer to Administrative Procedures for Naval Reservists on Inactive Duty, BUPERSINST 1001.39, for more information about retirement points.)

ix

Student Comments

Course Title:

NEETS Module 2

Introduction to Alternating Current and Transformers

NAVEDTRA:^14174 Date :

We need some information about you :

Rate/Rank and Name: SSN: Command/Unit

Street Address: City: State/FPO: Zip

Your comments, suggestions, etc .:

Privacy Act Statement: Under authority of Title 5, USC 301, information regarding your military status is requested in processing your comments and in preparing a reply. This information will not be divulged without written authorization to anyone other than those within DOD for official use in determining performance.

NETPDTC 1550/41 (Rev 4-00)

CHAPTER 1

CONCEPTS OF ALTERNATING CURRENT

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

CONCEPTS OF ALTERNATING CURRENT

AC AND DC

Q1. Define direct current.

Q2. Define alternating current.



DISADVANTAGES OF DC COMPARED TO AC

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 )                           2+                        6    $                 0+    -     #  2^ 0 ,  $                                -                                   8                  $                          *+

ELECTROMAGNETISM

MAGNETIC FIELDS

MAGNETIC FIELD AROUND A CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTOR

Figure 1-2.—Magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor.

           +− A+$               

Figure 1-4.—Magnetic field around two parallel conductors.

Q6. When placed in the vicinity of a current-carrying conductor, the needle of a compass becomes aligned at what angle to the conductor?

Q7. What is the direction of the magnetic field around a vertical conductor when (a) the current flows upward and (b) the current flows downward.

Q8. The "left-hand rule" for a conductor is used for what purpose

Q9. In what direction will the compass needle point when the compass is placed in the magnetic field surrounding a wire?

Q10. When two adjacent parallel wires carry current in the same direction, the magnetic field about one wire has what effect on the magnetic field about the other conductor?

Q11.When two adjacent parallel conductors carry current in opposite directions, the magnetic field about one conductor has what effect on the magnetic field about the other conductor?

MAGNETIC FIELD OF A COIL

 9  )+                5            9  !             $                    9  !)+                9  !*8+        1                B4

Figure 1-5.—Magnetic field produced by a current-carrying coil.

 6         $           '       >   *    *)++-                         :                 

Polarity of an Electromagnetic Coil

 9                                  -$                           2                              

 6             '$                ./9-,)1<0./9:0&:2.-  $      "$     

Figure 1-6.—Left-hand rule for coils.

 3      $                  4