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HyperWorks is a division of

A Platform for InnovationTM

HyperMesh Introduction

Pre-processing for Finite Element Analysis

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Chapter 1

Basic Interaction with HyperMesh

Section 1: Getting Started with HyperMesh

In this section, you will explore the basic layout of the HyperMesh 9.0 user interface.

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HyperMesh Introduction

Starting HyperMesh

On PC o From the Start Menu, select All Programs>Altair HyperWorks(version)>HyperMesh. Or o User can create a Windows Shortcut by Right Clicking on the above program and selecting Create Shortcut. On UNIX o At the prompt, type /scripts/hm. o Set up an alias.

The Start Directory

The “Start Directory” or “Working Directory” is where HyperMesh, by default, looks for and saves the following files;

o Configuration files ( hmmenu.set, hmsettings.tcl, hm.mac, etc .) o History File ( command.cmf ) o HyperMesh Model Files, FE Data and Geometry Files. (User can browse to different directories for opening and saving.)

The Start Directory can be defined as follows:

On PC

1. Right Click Shortcut link
2. Select Properties
3. Enter the desired directory in the Start In field or leave blank to default to directory where the shortcut is located On UNIX The Start In directory will default to the Directory where the program is executed from. If the configuration files are not found in that directory, then HyperMesh will look in the users “home” directory.

Online Help

HyperMesh offers comprehensive documentation in the online help. The Help can be accessed through the Pull Down menu or the use of the “h” key on your keyboard. If the user accesses help through the use of the “h” key the help documentation is “intelligent”, opening in the section representing the panel that the user is actively in. Help also contains detailed tutorials on many advanced HyperMesh functions.

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HyperMesh Graphical User Interface

Graphics area – displays the model

Toolbar – gives access to commonly used tools via icons Pull Down Menu – places functionality into groups, accessible via pull downs

Menu Pages – divides the main menu into groups based on function Main Menu – contains “panels” grouped in columns Panels – menu items / functions for interacting with HyperMesh

Sub-panels – divides panel into similar tasks related to panel’s main function Command Window – lets the user type in and execute tcl commands o Available through the View drop down menu (turned off by default) Tab Area – contains the following tabs: o Solver, Model, Utility, Include, Import, Export, Connector, Entity State, etc. Status Bar – shows status of operations being performed o Indicates the “current” Include file, Component Collector, and Load Collector

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File Operations

New .hm File – Creates a new session in the current window

Open .hm File – Loads a HyperMesh model into the current window replacing the current model

Save .hm file – Saves the current model, opens browser window.

Import – Opens the Import Tab allowing the import of;

.hm Models FE Models Geometry Files Connectors into the current model.

Export – Opens the Export Tab allowing the export of:

FE Models Geometry Files .h3d Files Connectors Opens a browser window.

Load User Profile – Opens the User Profile Window.

Load Results File – Loads a result file for post processing within HyperMesh.

Open Current Command File – Opens a window displaying the current command.cmf file. Can be used to learn TCL/Tk commands and create macros.

Run TCL Script/Command File –

Left Mouse Click opens a browser to load and run a TCL file.

Right Mouse Click opens a browser to load and execute a

command.cmf file.

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Exercise: Opening and Saving Files

This exercise uses the following model files: bumper_cen_mid1.hm, bumper_mid.hm, bumper_end.iges, and bumper_end_rgd.fem. Each model file contains various sections, That will be assembled into the full bumper model.

Step 1: Open the HyperMesh model file, bumper_cen_mid1.hm.

1. Access the Open File… dialog in one of the following ways:

From the Pull-down menu, choose File , then Open

From the Standard toolbar , click Open .HM File

2. Open the model file, bumper_cen_mid1.hm.

The model file, bumper_cen_mid1.hm, is now loaded. This file contains mesh and geometry data.

HyperMesh model file, bumper_cen_mid1.hm, opened in HyperMesh

Step 2: Import the HyperMesh model file, bumper_mid.hm, into the current

HyperMesh session.

1. Access the Import tab in one of the following ways:

From the Pull-down menu, choose File , then Import.

From the Standard toolbar , click Import.

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IGES geometry file, bumper_end.igs, imported into the session

Step 4: Import the RADIOSS Bulk Data input file, bumper_end_rgd.fem, into

the current HyperMesh session.

1. From the Import tab in the tab area, choose the FE Model icon.
2. Under File selection , select File type: RADIOSS (Bulk Data) from the pull-down menu.
3. Under File selection , click the Open icon in File: and browse to bumper_end_rgd.fem.
4. Click Import.

This RADIOSS input file contains mesh for the bumper’s end portion. The mesh is added to the existing data in the current HyperMesh session and will be located in the same area as the geometry representing the bumper’s end.

RADIOSS input file, bumper_end_rgd.fem, imported on top of data in the current HyperMesh session

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Step 5: Save the HyperMesh session as a HyperMesh model file called

practice.hm.

1. From the File pull-down menu, select Save As...
2. Enter the name, practice.hm.
3. Click Save.

The data currently loaded in HyperMesh is now saved in a HyperMesh binary data file of the name you entered.

Step 6: Export the model’s geometry data to an IGES file called

practice.igs.

1. Access the Export tab in one of the following ways:

From the Pull-down menu, choose File , then Export.

From the Standard toolbar , click Export.

2. In the Export tab, choose the Geometry icon.
3. Under File selection , File type: should indicate Iges.
4. Under File selection , click the Open icon in the File field, browse to the desired destination folder, and enter practice.igs.
5. Click Save.

All of the geometry loaded in HyperMesh (points, lines, surfaces) is now saved in an .iges file with the name you entered.

6. Click Apply to export the file.

Step 7: Export the model’s mesh data to a RADIOSS Bulk Data input file called

practice.fem.

1. In the Export tab, choose Export type: FE Model from the pull-down menu.
2. Under File selection , choose File type: RADIOSS (Bulk Data) from the pull-down menu.
3. Under File selection , click the Open icon in the File field, browse to the desired destination folder, and enter practice.fem.
4. Click save.

All of the finite element data loaded in HyperMesh (nodes, elements, loads, etc.) is now saved as an .fem file with the name you entered.

5. Click Export.

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Section 3: Working with Panels

Much of the functionality in HyperMesh is centered around the use of panels. While there are often many ways to get to a function within HyperMesh, most often the actions lead the user to the panel area to select entities, enter values and execute functions. The panel area is split into seven pages and on each page are panels that allow the user to utilize all of the functionality in HyperMesh. Even if the user accesses a function through the use of the menu bar or the toolbars, much of the information will be entered in the panel area. While this manual cannot explain the functionality of every panel, much of the panel functionality is common amongst all of the panels and thus learning one panel will assist the user in the use of all panels.

This section introduces you to common panel attributes and controls as it guides you through translating nodes and elements using the translate panel and measuring distances between nodes using the distance panel.

In this section, you will learn how to:

Use the entity selector and the extended entity selection menu to select and unselect nodes and elements from the graphics area.

Use the direction selector to define vectors along which to translate nodes and elements.

Switch between different entities to select, and methods to define vectors. Toggle between two options.

Enter, copy and paste, and calculate numbers. Use the rapid menu functionality to execute commands with the mouse buttons rather than clicking buttons. Interrupt, but not exit, a panel to go to another panel using the keyboard function keys.

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panel is not needed for information entry. In this case the user picks the Sub Panel in Step 1 and then chooses the method they wish to use within that sub panel and follows the column top to bottom. The example below shows the Surface Edit panel with the trim with surfs/plane sub functionality chosen. You can see the three columns providing access to either the “with plane”, “with surfs” or “self intersecting surfs” options.

Step 3: “What to do it to”

In this step the user will select the entities they wish to perform the function on. The entity selction is shown below.

Step 4: “How to do it”

In this step the user defines parameters that dictate how the function will be performed.

Step 5: “Do the action

Clicking the green “action” button performs the desired function while the “Reject” button will reject the last performed function.

Tools within the Panels

Within the panels there are many buttons and options that will be explained below:

Switches -

These allow the choice of multiple options through a pop up menu

Toggles -

The toggle will change the function between 2 options.

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Reset -

This will reset the selection of any entities.

Extended Selction -

Clicking the yellow selection button will open the extended selection window. This provides numerous tools allowing for the advanced selection of entities.

Direction/Plane Selection -

X, Y, Z Axis -

N1, N2 and N3 - Select 2 Nodes (N1 & N2) – This defines a directions from N1 to N2 where a vector type direction is required. When a plane is required the plane is defined as that which is normal to the vector N1 to N2 and its location at the B node.

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Exercise: Using the Translate Panel

Step 1: Retrieve the HyperMesh model file, bumper.hm.

1. Access the File panel in one of the following ways:

On the File menu, click Open

On the toolbar, click the open icon and go to the hm file sub-panel

2. Click retrieve... and browse to /tutorials/hm/bumber.hm
3. Click Open.

Step 2: In the translate panel, select nodes from the graphics area.

1. Access the translate panel in one of the two following ways:

From the Pull-down menu , select Geometry or Mesh and then choose Translate>nodes From the Tool page, access the translate panel.

2. With the nodes selector active, select a few nodes from the Graphics area by left- clicking the corners of the elements.

Node selector

The cyan border around it indicates that it is active; HyperMesh is expecting nodes to be selected as the next action. A node is positioned at each element corner. A selected node is highlighted with a small, white circle.

Node Handles

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3. Reset the selection of nodes by clicking the reset icon,.

Step 3: Select and unselect elements from the graphics area.

1. Click the entity selector switch ( ) and select elems. (Switch the entity selector to elems .)

Entity selector with its switch

The menu that pops-up contains a list of entities that can be translated.

2. With the elems selector active, select several elements from the graphics area.

To select an element, click its element handle (the dot at the element’s center). The elements are highlighted in white when they are selected.

Element Handles

3. Unselect an element using the right mouse button.

Step 4: Select and unselect elements using the quick window selection

method.

1. Verify that the elems selector is active.
2. Move the mouse handle into the graphics area.
3. Press and hold the SHIFT key + left mouse button and move the mouse to draw a rectangular window around a few elements, and then release the SHIFT key and left mouse button. All the element handles inside the rectangular window are selected.
4. Unselect elements by pressing and holding the SHIFT key + right mouse button and moving the mouse to create a window around the selected elements.