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ESPECTROMETRIA NO INFRAVERMELHO

UMA PARTE DO ESPECTRO ELETROMAGNÉTICO

VIBRAÇÕES DE ABSORÇÃO DE UM ÁLCOOL

FIGURA ESQUEMÁTICA DE UM ESPECTRÔMETRO DE

INFRAVERMELHO

O ESPECTRO DE INFRAVERMELHO

VIBRAÇÕES FUNDAMENTAIS DE INFRAVERMELHO DO

GRUPO CH 2

CÁLCULO DAS VIBRAÇÕES DE ESTIRAMENTO

Group Band^ (cm-1)^ Intensity 1 (mote ~ • l•cm- 1 ) Assignment (^) Remarks (^) Figs. 1 ) - CH 3 2820~2730 (ea 15 ~21) in - NMe,[2] lacking in - NEt. 2820~2710 in methylenedioxy[3) C=C-CH3 moved to higher frequency

e Doublet in gem-dimethyl groups (see 0

2. • CH2- 725~720 [4] s hexanes. See also (14)~(15). (CH,)n rock Sometimes doublet in solid state. Present when n;;:,4. Higher with smaller n. Pr 743~734; Et 790~ 77 0. -CH2 - also has wag and twist band at ca. 1300 0 e 3)I -C-H I
3. -(CH ) - 0- CH 3 > 2 4 7

CH- CH, than the 1380 (ea

15. dou- blet group; iden:i.'kz.tion o: ::his group then made l:w U.c! , bcation ( 5 )~(.

Qv

(^1145 1145) band is shot:!::c on 1170 band.

6) CH, 1255 s .,

CH 3 - 9 -

I CH 3

7. quat. C 1210 s

,,

Position more co=an: than 1210 band. Absorption also a:: 930~925.

1215 s ,,^ .,^ @,@

I CH 3

• C- I CH 3 Position of 1195 band :nore constant; 1215 band !o:-ms shoulder on 1195 band.

1195 s ,,

8)P\ [5] 3070±10^ m^ Vas^ CH2^ Lacking^ when^ ring^ carries^ no^ CH^2 • )C-C< R H

\ I 1020~3005±5 1005

m m Vas CH 20~80 skeletal

C-C<

P, Confirmatory^ only;^ often absent^ or^ obscured^ by^ other strong bands (hydroxyl, ether, etc.),

TABLE 1 ALKANES

(Non-diagnostic bands in italics) (^2960) s (^70) vas CH 3 C=C-CH 3 moved to higher frequency (^2870) m (^30) vs CH 3 2830~2815 (^) (ea 35~75) in R-OMe, Ar-OMe[l] (^1460) m (^15) Bas CH 3 and split into doublet 0 1380 m (^15) 5s CH, 5~7). See also (11)~(13). Shift on attachment to other atoms depends on electronegativity and C-X bond distance, e.g., -SCH, ( 133 0), CH,I (1250), - SiCH 3 ( 1255 ), - BCH 3 (1322±7).[3a]

2890 w II CH Of no practical use.

1340 w 5 CH Of no practical use.

42~734 (^) CH2 rock Corresponds to~?c band o: {?}. 1170 s Weaker (^) skeletal Doublet at 1380 Sl!s.,;csts 5 er:..:li:medlyl

14 - Table 1 Alkanes

2925 s (^75) Vas CH, 2850 s (^45) Vs CH 2 (^1470) m 8 CH, scissor 1445 in cyclopcutanes, 1450 in cyclo-

a ] l--'-..L,..&....1..l-..........1-.......t.lJ·w...!..!,,. l.l.l,,1.1,,1..u.1....L.!!....1.LL.11.L II.U.I..LlL.l..l..4.,l.l,l,ll.l.ll.l.Ul,l,l.l o.t11I1---,,.-.--..-...._ II moo (^200) Q:D (^) I i Z5 3-^4 a J^8 aoo .----1,....,.....,.....,..,... .1..-1.....L.11......,u...J.....................,.. ...LJ...jLY,.......'--'alJLLL.Jb!--u. •W111oW11.11.1.1......,1,W..w.t.uu.........................,.........,,,,J, 1. f I 1215 llO 30 +o t ILL! ;;ioog A. (-,' 111, 'It:/: {,t!t! l!q11re 8}. D, c-K Ii.ind (,1.u l""ifli.rt JIJ, 1"1!1!11,SO /J f,I 'flll·nlhir!d pmer ' l,a11J UU-119 en -•. CgwrJxm: the· ki:t,. 1111· .r,o,C'l;cln,r b fl'' {t f OlJ.l(JOfJ cm I J r tlJ r [l;r Pi.gtJr.6 • trr, **(3._**

l^1 (7. 2

. 11:ii C!l 3 , 2926 c;;C {1.4:J , QI CJ

.a ,, - t. 1450 -^1 (6. 90 ) 6

J JI' VELE TH,,..

gl,.Mr 11.o C ill! Figr., J 6,)

ra.

ALCENOS (Continuação)

l•IKJ:!«M (^) C1o'IJ11 I.Y^ IJW]E'^ 'I:.^ Jla11lrnJ

ow

1( (^4 ) Wili,,.EI.ENGT' 8 ' ; 1100 -

.r

D Ctt2 Cti,-C'½t kaClili aoo, """VE!Je-,;i Tij "' a .OO -"-.La.a-.l-lL-.1...L...l.--'- - 1 ................ ......i.......1,,1,,1,,UJ.JL.L.LJ,,.!b', ,!,J,.IU.L..L,UL-UL.l.,l,,i.,w .11,1,1M.ll..llil.1U.U--..,..,. IJ..ILIWUWWllLIUUJ.lWJl,iU,l /W,ti II !_ fillfQ!Ji[M;Y tCN"^1 l

fhntr 8. A.. C .Ii 1tr·dc-h: 6 .Z -i. { .38 /Jml I!( CII• J8"72 Cfr! lL (3.4 pnt} PJ C'U 3 ,,, 3926, -^1 {'JAJ μm} Cl

28_jj' m-^1 13 .Jl t/ifl'} v,. CH.1. B. C-H l,,:n,;I: 146 rnw , : 81 μmJ 3,. · - 'i., 14$(} (:11r^1 (6.90 {ml} - - :1 C .l nJ - (7.2s 1 , C&,;E• c. cui ro .: 121 mt f lJ.9 #mJ,, c • A. C-H 1tmch (. llj,gur.e 8}. ore alefink C-'.H ;1t,--,e,f,:h· (BJ r J'9 9 · mi^9 l /J.2 ,un}. C, C rlrm: ,

l 4S ml (6.H ,vn} mt T11l!lt: lll of ppe.n:diI: 1)^1 • • Otd-<>f. iimt. C:=H bNlli.• 9 ' 6 '°"t' I M.14 μm).

,(p!,r,(i,u'd 9111 c,r:i"^1 I} i {'1, .lllPl I. F ''""' whr,ii."l,,.,,,.• · T) .. ,..-t r Ii ltR' ,,.,. 1

Espectros de IV de ALCENOS

PADRÃO DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO BENZENOS SUBSTITUÍDOS

Espectral de benzenos substituídos

Espectros de IV de ALCINOS

1'"-ihc I M i.i:111 ·II:

!Jl'IU.lld.

-• -"'"-- · . .. p.

. <Ft- .. I .,,. .. • .. SRi.iw^ Y!!:f:>l'

11 L011-· O'}

<1l ;2-iLQ!O..;.

Dl'iiel,b 1

ill, ,In : p. yliici.l

t i Ii. J I.I