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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
This study was designed as qualitative research. In this chapter, there were the results as follows:
- Population;
- Sample size;
- Data collection;
- Research design;
- Research instrument; and
- Data analysis
3.1 Population
The targeted population of this study refers to local authorities and local residents in Tambon Cherngtalay Local Administration Organization, Amphur Thalang, Changwat Phuket.
3.2 Sample size
Sample size was obtained from Yamane formula (1973) as follows: n = N 1+N (e) 2 n was Sample size N was Population size e was Confidence interval at 95% therefore, e = 0.05% Then n = 9,274 / [(1) + 9,274(0.05)^2 ] n = 383.
The result of applying the Yamane is a sample size of 383.46 respondents. Nevertheless, the researcher decided to adjust upwards to 385 respondents as a sample size in a population of 9,274 people within 6 villages of Tambon Cherngtalay LAO. The researcher endeavored to get a proportional sampling of each village; the exception being village 1 which only has a population of 15 such that all members were surveyed. Finally, the sample size was 399 respondents. It was calculated into percentage in order to get sample size for each village (Table 3.1). Therefore, sample size for each village was shown as follows:
Table 3.1 Calculation of sample size in each village
Village No. of population Percentage Sample size 1 Baan Cherngtalay 15 0.16% 15 2 Baan Bang Tao 3,701 39.90% 153 3 Baan Had Surin 1,920 20.70% 80 4 Baan Pasak 1,217 13.12% 50 5 Baan Bang Taonok 1,777 19.16% 74 6 Baan Kocktanod 644 6.94% 27 Total 9,274 100% 399 Source: Tambon Cherngtalay Local Administration Organization Three Year Development Plan, (2005)
3.3 Data collection
3.3.1 Primary Data
The researcher distributed 399 sets of questionnaires to the respondents by cluster sampling to each village. The period of data collection was June and July 2006. Questionnaires were given to local residents who were at least 20 years old and able to answer questionnaire effectively.
3.3.2 Secondary Data
This information and data was studied from related concepts, theories, researches. As well as, there were from articles in the press, journal, textbook, and related research in Internet to complete. The general information and 3 year development plan of Tambon Cherngtalay LAO was received from Tambon Cherngtalay Local Administration Organization.
3.4 Research design
This study is both quantitative and qualitative research which started by reviewing related literature and collecting related information. The survey was carried out by local residents including leaders of the local community clubs such as fishery and handicraft. Then, the researcher conducted an in-depth interview with key persons in order to accomplish their attitude toward the current situation of local authorityHs planning and management including how to manage tourism located in this area to be sustainable.
3.5 Research instrument
In this study, questionnaires and interviews were designed into 2 series, one for local residents and another for local authority leaders. Both were distributed in the Thai language.
3.5.1 Series 1, quantitative questionnaire for local residents
The questionnaire was designed by using closed-end questions toward local residentsH perspective in participation and benefits gaining according to the study of sustainable tourism planning and management at local administration organization: the case of Tambon Cherngtalay, Amphur Thalang, Changwat Phuket. It was comprised of 3 parts as follows:
3.5.1.1 Part 1: The important level of community participation activities on the 0Three years Development Plan1 (2006-2008) of Tambon Cherngtalay Local Administration Organization
There were 5 components which comprised of 34 questions toward local residentsH perspective for community participation activities including planning, decision-making, problem solving, implementation, and evaluation.
3.5.1.2 Part 2: The important level of benefits gaining from the development strategies
There were divided to 7 development strategies as follows:
- Infrastructure development strategy;
- Enhancement of quality of life, cultural and local wisdom development strategy;
- Educational development strategy;
- Natural Resources and environment development strategy;
- Political and management development strategy;
- Economy and tourism development strategy; and
- Information Technology development strategy Those were comprised of 40 questions based on infrastructure benefits, socio- cultural benefits, environmental benefits and economic benefits including tourism benefits as well.
3.5.1.3 Part 3: Demographic characteristics
This part concerned to the local respondentsH demographic characteristics and some personal information. It was a checklist questions which comprised of information of gender, age, education level, occupation, and monthly income.
Each score was classified into 5 scales and calculated as follows: Approximately class width = [Largest value - Smallest value] / Number of classes The level = [5-1] / 5 = 0. Therefore, approximately class width is 0. Part 3: Demographic Characteristics were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Those were frequencies and percentage.
3.6.2 In-depth interview for local authorities
The data was analyzed by content analysis. Those were used frequencies and percentages.
Scale intervals Meaning 1 1.00 -1.80 The least 2 1.81 -2.60 Less 3 2.61 -3.40 Average 4 3.41 -4.20 More 5 4.21 -5.00 The most
