Midterm exam of Critical thinking
Chapter 1
Question 1 Barrier to critical thinking lister and explain.
Answer:
Have you ever made a judgment about a person based on what someone else told
you, and later heard another side of the story?
Here are some of the top barriers to critical thinking:
1.Ego - This is self-centered thinking and includes self-interested
thinking
self-serving.
2.Assumptions - Assumptions are beliefs we think are true without enough
proof. It also means judging all people or ideas as the same because of
one example.
3.Wishful thinking - Wishful thinking is believing something is true
just because we really want it to be true.
4.Relativism - This can also be expressed as a fear of change.
Question 2. Bad habit of thinking common decision-making error bias
Answer:
Bad habits are like a comfortable bed, easy to get into, but hard. to get out
of.
So, a lot of our thinking is biased, distorted, or just plain prejudiced. We
only notice a small part of what's happening around us, and even that is:
1. filtered,
2.processed,
3.changed (constructed)
And when we remember things, our memories keep changing too, adding, changing,
or blending details each time.
Humans are a mix of rational and emotional creatures. We have emotional needs
and biases. Most of the time, we decide things based on hidden or partly seen
reasons and then try to explain them using reasoning that backs up our
feelings.
Many cognitive biases work together to make us believe things that might not
match reality. Our beliefs are like stories made from flawed information and
shaped by our biases, emotions, and desires. Recognizing this is key—it's what
separates critical thinkers from those who don't think as carefully.
