Download networking final complete assignment and more Assignments Computer science in PDF only on Docsity!
Sunandha koirala
ISMT COLLEGE (BIT)
Networking
Assignment
SUBMITTED BY: FULL NAME: Sunandha Koirala COURSE: NETWORKING SEMESTER: FIRST SECTION: “A” YEAR OF REGISTRATION: SUBMITTED TO NETWORKING SIR SANTOSH SIR
ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET UNIT DETAILS
Unit Title Networking Unit Code
Assessor Name Issued Date
Assignment Title Networking
Assignment No Submission Date
Qualification Campus ISMT
STUDENT DETAILS
Student ID Reg No.
Family Name Nanda kumar koirala Given Name
Enrolment Year 2021 Section A
List of Abbreviation List of figures Table of content Task 1 [LO1, P1].................................................................................................................................... 8
Compare common networking principles and how protocols enable the effectiveness of networked
- Examine Networking Principles And Their Protocols...........................................................................
- Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types and standards.....................................
- Introduction:.......................................................................................................................................
- Network..........................................................................................................................................
- Network Standards.......................................................................................................................
- Network model.............................................................................................................................
- Task 2[LO1, P2]...................................................................................................................................
- Explain the impact of network topology, communication and bandwidth requirements.....................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Network Topology:.........................................................................................................................
- Types of topology:...........................................................................................................................
- Task 3 [LO1, M1]................................................................................................................................
- Introduction:..................................................................................................................................... system...................................................................................................................................................
- Networking Principles of OSI Layer............................................................................................
- Protocol........................................................................................................................................
- Task 4 [LO2, P3]..................................................................................................................................
- Explain Networking Devices and Operations......................................................................................
- Discuss the operating principles of networking devices and server types...........................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Networking devices......................................................................................................................
- Types of server.............................................................................................................................
- Task 5 [LO2, P4]..................................................................................................................................
- Discuss the inter dependence of workstation hardware with relevant networking software………………… - Introduction:..................................................................................................................................... - Workstation:................................................................................................................................. - Interdependence of workstation hardware and the relevant networking software.......................
- Task 6 [LO2, M2]................................................................................................................................
- regarding cost and performance optimization...................................................................................... Explore the range of server types and justify the selection of a server, considering a given scenario
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Server...........................................................................................................................................
- Task 7 [LO2, D1].................................................................................................................................
- of a networked system.......................................................................................................................... Considering a given scenario identify the given topology protocol selected for the efficient utilization
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Network Topology.......................................................................................................................
- Task 8 [LO3, P5]..................................................................................................................................
- Design Efficient Networked System....................................................................................................
- Design a network system to meet given specification.........................................................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Network Design...........................................................................................................................
- Server Technology.......................................................................................................................
- Network Devices..........................................................................................................................
- Network Components...................................................................................................................
- Task 9 [LO3, P6]..................................................................................................................................
- Test and evaluate the design to meet requirements and analyze user feedback...................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Task 11 [LO3, D2]............................................................................................................................... Feedback....................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
- Design a maintenance schedule to support networked system............................................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Schedule based on Basic Upgrades..............................................................................................
- Schedule based on basics of backups...........................................................................................
- Schedule based on basics of security...........................................................................................
- Task 12 [LO4, P8]................................................................................................................................
- Document and analyze test results against expected results................................................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Network Performance Test..........................................................................................................
- Task 13[LO4, M4]...............................................................................................................................
- Recommend potential enchantment for the networked system............................................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Potential enhancement for network system..................................................................................
- Network system of global it solution according to old view........................................................
- Network system of global it solution according to new view.....................................................
- Task 14 [LO4, D3]...............................................................................................................................
- Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusion..........................................
- Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................
- Review..........................................................................................................................................
- Positive and Negative aspects of Designed Network...................................................................
- Recommendation for further development..................................................................................
Task 1 [LO1, P1] Examine Networking Principles And Their Protocols. Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types and standards. Introduction: - In this task, I am going to say about the benefits and constraints (limitation) of different networking types or different types of computer network. Network: Network means the group of more than two or more computers that are linked with each other that allows sharing of data. One of the essential example of network is internet, which interconnects millions and billions of computer which are whole over the world. Above picture is the example in the form of image of network diagram. There are two basics on which computer network are divided and they are given below:
- Geographical Basis: Computer network means the interconnection between hardware and software to share data and have communication with each other. Basically, computer network involves single device to send and another single to receive the same that we transferred from single device. Because of the geographical variations in the range of computer networks, there has been a process to classify these variations. Most common type of computer network is given below:
- BAN- It refers to Body Area Network. It contains the connection between if there is sensor placed in human body.
- CAN- It refers to Campus Area Network. Connection of multiple LAN’s together at educational and governmental buildings such as collages and university. • HAN- It refers to Home Area Network. It is a network connection between devices in a home. LAN- It refers to Local Area Network. It is a connection of internet in a small place like a small office. MAN- It refers to Metropolitan Area Network. It is interconnection of network in a city. PAN- It refers to Personal Area Network. It describes the connection between handhold devices such as: mobile phone, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc. WAN- It refers to Wide Area Network. It is the largest network listed among these computer network. It connects national computer networks together.
Benefits of Client- Server Network-
- Security is more reliable in the comparison of peer to peer network.
- Client server can be scaled up to many services that can also be used by multiple users. Constraints of Client- Server Network-
- More expensive than peer to peer network.
- When there is problem in server like if the server crashes than all the computers may be unavailable to use.
- When every clients tries to use same things that in that case it takes a bit of time to complete certain task. Cloud Networking:
Cloud networking is the term that describes the approach of networking resource from centralized third-party provider using Wide Area Network (WAN) or technologies that approach internet. There are two types of cloud networking: Cloud-enabled networking and Cloud-based networking. Benefits of Cloud Networking:
- It is affordable for small business.
- It is reliable and consistent.
- Provides increased and simplified IT management and maintenance capabilities.
- It is flexible as user can customize application and keep according to their needs. Constraints of Cloud Networking:
- Completely depends on the, so that downtime may be the worst defect of cloud as the internet connection may increase or decrease.
- Privacy is also one of its problem which depends on how the user uses it. The most useful data may be hacked due to the carelessness of the user.
- There is high chance of getting attacked in account as it based on internet. Cluster Networking: Cluster networking is connection of two or more than two computer devices to view a single system.
Benefits of Virtualized Networking:
- It helps in reducing the energy cost.
- It helps in problem for easily recovering.
- It helps to install and maintain software, distribute updates and maintain secure network for the technicin (iG, 2002) Constraints of Virtualized Networking:
- It is very expensive.
- There is problem in software licensing consideration.
Network Standards: Networking standards protects the interoperate strength of network technologies by defining communication among the devices that has been networked. Networking standards survive to help the products of different vendors are able to work together without risk of incapability. There are two types of network standard and they are as follows:
- De facto standard- De facto means traditional or by fact. This De facto standard are developed without any doing any planning. These standards are still in use by different and lots of organization in whole over the world. One of the example of De facto standard is SNA.
- De jure standard- De jure means according to law and rules. These type of standards are not simply developed; it is developed by proper research to overcome the necessity of data communication. Some the organization to develop communication protocols and standards are as follows: Telcordia. Institute of Electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE). American national standard institute (ANSI). International standard organization (ISO). The electronic industries association (EIA). Network model: It is a kind of database model conceived as a free way of showing objects and relationships. The feature of network model is schema which is displayed in form of graph where relationship types are arcs and object types are nodes. There are two types of model under this model and they are as follows:
- OSI model: Its full form is Open System Interconnection (OSI). OSI model determines networking framework to apply protocols in seven different layers. Physical (Layer 1)- Physical layer carries the bit stream electrical impulse, light or radio signals with the help of network at mechanical and electrical level. Examples of Layer 1: Ethernet, FDDI, B8ZS, V.35, V.24, RJ45. Data Link (Layer 2)-In Data Link layer, data packets are converted into coded form and decrypted into bits.
Network (Layer 3)- Network layer provides of routing and switching technology, creating logical paths, known as virtual circuits for data transmission from one node to other node. Examples of Layer 3: AppleTalk DDP, IP, IPX. Transport (Layer 4)- Transport layer gives clear transfer of data between end system or host and responsible for end- to-end error recovery and flow control. It ensures complete data transfer. Examples of Layer 4: SPX, TCP, UDP. Session (Layer 5)- This layer organizes, manages and finish connection between different applications. Examples of Layer 5: NFS, NetBIOS names, RPC, SQL. Presentation (Layer 6)- This layer provides independence from differences in data representation by converting from application to network format, and it’s vice versa. Examples of Layer 6: encryption, ASCII, EBCDIC, TIFF, GIF, PICT, JPEG, MPEG, MIDI. Application (Layer 7)- Application layer help application and end-user processes. Communication partners are recognized, quality of service is recognized, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are recognized. Examples of Layer 7: WWW browsers, NFS, SNMP, Telnet, HTTP, FTP. These are the seven layers of Open System Interconnection (OSI) model. And, is well described.
1. TCP/IP: (Thomas, n.a) Its full form is Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the collection of communication protocol which is used to connect network devices on the internet. It can also be used as communication protocol in private network. There are four different layers in TCP/IP model and they are described below:
Application Layer- Application layer explains TCP/IP application protocols and defines how the host programs interface with Transport layer services to operate the network. It includes all high level protocols like: DNS, HTTP, Telnet, FTP, TFTP, SNMT, SMTP, DHCP, X Windows, RDP, etc. Transport Layer- Transport layer is used to develop devices on the source and destination hosts to carry on a conversation. Main protocols used included at transfer protocol are: TCP and UDP. Internet Layer- This layer packs data into a data packet which is known as IP datagrams, which contains source and destination address that is used to forward datagrams between hosts and across networks. The main protocol included at this layer are: IP, ICMP, ARP, RARP and IGMP. Network Access Layer- This explains fully about how the data is physically sent through network including how bits are electrically signaled by hardware devices that interface straightly with a network medium, such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, or twisted pair copper wire. “ IEEE 802 is a family of IEEE standards dealing with local area networks and metropolitan area networks. More specifically, the IEEE 802 standards are restricted to networks carrying variable-size packets”. (Beal, September 24, 1999)
Types of topology: - There are different types of topology through which the computers are connected but here are the most common used ways and the most important in which computes are connected. And, this are the main types of topologies-
- Ring Topology:
- Star Topology:
- Mesh Topology:
- Bus Topology:
- Tree Topology (Hybrid Topology): Now, explaining about different types of networking topologies.
- Ring Topology: In this topology every computer is connected Its advantages are: It can reach larger distance than other type of networks because each node gives message and they pass through it. Each computer has equal control. There is no need of server in this type of network. Its disadvantages are: The whole network will be affected if there is break in cable or any kind of disturbance in cable. Network is dependent on wire. Every data should be passed through every computer which makes the transfer of data slow. 2. Star Topology: It is type of topology in which all the computers are connected to the main computer or the computer in the center which is called a hub, or it may be a router or a switch. Every computer is interconnected to every other node by the help of hub. The hub is the main which controls other computers.
Fig:- Star Topology. Its advantages are: It prevents the passing of data packets through an excessive number of nodes. The center computer controls other computer which helps monitoring the network. Failure of one link don’t affect other network. Its disadvantages are: It is fully dependent on central computer. If it fails, then whole network gets failed. The uses of hub, router and switch increases the cost of network. The performance of network depends in the capabilities of the hub.
3. Mesh Topology: In this type of network devices are connected to many unnecessary interconnections between network nodes. In this topology every computer is connected with each other. There are two type of mess topologies:
