APUNTES GRAMÁTICA INGLESA I, Apuntes de Idioma Inglés

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2. Análisis sintáctico de oraciones (solo las funciones ) y tipo de lexical verb.

( 3 puntos )

***** Other units: words, phrases and clauses Ø ―> Intransitive

S.A ―> Copular Predicator 1 (one-place) D.O ―> Monotransitive P.C. ―> Non-transitive PC verb I.O + D.O. (to paraphrase) Ditransite 2 (two-place) B.O +D.O (*benefactive object) D.O + O.A (complex transitive) ―> object atribute D.O + P.C (transitive PC verb) Modal Auxiliary verbs Do Primary Have Be Verbs Nº words Lexical verb Complementation English verbs: morphological characteristics The inflectional morphemes that characterize verbs are: ➢ S ➢ ED ➢ ED ➢ -ing S3: Third person singular ● S3 is realized in pronunciation as /s/, /z/ or /iz/ (same rules as in the plural and genitive) ● It is spelled as –s or –es. ● The latter spelling appears when the verbs end in: -s, -z, -ch, -sh, and –x : i.e. catch-catches

come, came, come run, ran, run -ING –ing is always pronounced /iŋ/. When this suffix is added, the base may undergo spelling changes such as the following:

1. doubling of final consonant : stop/stopping
2. doubling of final “l” : cancel/cancelling ● “c” may become “ck” : pinic/pinicking ● mute –e may be dropped : change/changing;have/having ● “ie” may change into “y” : die/dying; lie/lying