Ingles, solutions, eigual, Apuntes de Turismo

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ENGLISH FILE Entry Checker for Intermediate do Ñ , q GU tl y Po 8 E Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden OXFORD 1 1A word order in questions questions with do/ does/ did in present simple and past simple questions with be question word | auxiliary | subject — | infinitive (=verb) Do you live with your parents? Did you have a holiday last year? Where does your sister | work? When did you start studying English? What did they talk about? + Use ASI (Auxiliary, Subject, Infinitive) and QUASI (Question word, Auxiliary, Subject, Infinitive) to remember word order in questions. question | be subject | adjective, noun, word etc. Are | you | hungry? Is — |there | abanknearhere? What was | that noise? Where [are | you from? were | you born? + Make questions with the verb be by inverting the verb and the subject. Sheis a teacher. Is she a teacher? 1B present simple adverbs and expressions of frequency 1. We often go out on Friday night. She doesn't usually study at weekends. Pm neverill. He's always late for work. 2 She gets up early every day. We have English classes twice a week. 1| you | we | they he | she | it Tusually work at home. Holly knows me very well. They don't live near here. It doesn't often rain here. Do you speak French? Does Alice like jazz? Yes, Ido. | No, 1 dor't. Yes, she dibes. | No, she doesn't. +» Use the present simple for things you do every day / week / year, or for things which are generally true or always happen. » Use don't | doesn'tto make negative sentences, and do | does to make questions. work works add -s study studies consonant + y > jes finish finishes add -es after ch, ce, ge, sh, go/do goes/does | add -es have has change to -s 1 We often use the present simple with adverbs of frequency (always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never). + Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb. +» Adverbs of frequency go after be. She's neverill. NOT Shesilhrever. + Remember to use a+] verb with never. Itneverrains. NOT Htdoesnitneverrain: 2 Expressions of frequency (every day, once a week, etc.) usually go at the end of a sentence, 1C present continuous: be + verb + -ing 1 A Whatare you doing? B I'm sending a message to Sarah. 2 My brotheris doinga two-month course in the UK. 3. Inthis picture the woman is standing near the window. + Usethe present continuous: 1 forthings that are happening now, at this moment. 2. fortemporary things that are happening now, this week, etc. 3 to describea picture. 'm working You Pm not working We They aaa Are you working? — Yes,lam. / No, 'm not. *re working He aren'tworking She lt Is he working? Yes, heis. / No, he isn't. 's working isn't working cook cooking | add-ing study studying live living cut the final e and add -ing run running | double the final consonant and add -ing present simple or present continuous? A Whatdo you do? B Iworkfor Microsoft. A Whatare you doing? B P'm checking my emails. + Use the present simple for things that are generally true or always happen. + Use the present continuous for an action happening now or at this moment. + Wenormally use verbs which describe states or feelings (non-action verbs), e.g. want, need, like, in the present simple, not continuous. 1A a Putthe word or phrase in the right place in the question. Do you like fruit? (like) How long did you there? (live) Is older than you? (your sister) When does start? (the lecture) What time you switch on your computer? (do) Why the train come? (hasn't) Do you go the library much? (to) When you see your parents? (did) What time did arrive? (your friends) 9 Will go on much longer? (the talk) 1 10 How long have studied Spanish? (you) DUDAS 1 o: 3 4 E 6 7 8 9 0 Put the words in the right order to make questions. ENTRY CHECKER brother you a have do ? Do you have a brother? your where go you holiday for did ? to catch you do work the train ? violin can the play you ? children do have your pets any ? the time what does leave bus ? me you email send can an ? door did front the lock you ? band a do have you favourite ? a did card send your you mother to ? in do a you flat live house a or ? 1B a Write sentences and questions with the present simple. how often / he work late work late? How often does he Maria / enjoy going to college my brother / eat salad E] I / like spiders much [2] when / your term finish she / have ten pairs of shoes my mother | usually shop at the supermarket when | you do your housework 1 / enjoy driving atnight EE] When / you receive the invitation My aunt / have a house by the sea D0IADUIRA Y. A b Putthe words in the right order. buys she usually lunch sandwich a for She usually buys a sandwich for lunch. day library we every study the in home in I dark walking don't the like gardening my enjoys really father they children have don'tany about Christmas friends we at think our an once exercise [week a class to go morning he his every emails checks cats my two dog have a friends and is village a in shop there next the rained a it for week hasn't 1C a Write sentences with the present continuous. continuous. b_ Complete the sentences with the present simple or present My friend is taking photographs. (take) 1 Every morning he foran hour. (run) [ / check my email E] Tam checking 2.1 about moving house at the moment. (not think) my email. 3 you outside? Come back inside. (sit) 1 She / write her family history 4 A away every Christmas? (go) 2 it [snow today care athome. (stay) 3 why you / sit out there in the cold 5 On Tuesdays she - her cousin. (visit) 4 my friend / buy her ticket 6 Aa your vegetables at the market? 5 1/live at home now [E] (not buy) sl Ñ 6 the teacher / tell a story BI many vegetables. (not eat) 7 your parents / buy a house 7 My brother is down by the river; he to catch a fish. (try) 8 we | study French [E] 8 On Mondays she many lectures. (not have) 9 why you | wear dark glasses 9 My sister a baby. (expect) 10 they / make plans for their holiday [E] 10 1 many letters. (not send) 2A a Putthe verbs in brackets in the past simple. Last year I finished my exams. I z (want) to go to university, so 1 a (start) to do some research and ENTRY CHECKER b Complete the questions in the past simple. Where did you live before you moved to England? Hived in Australia. 1 living there? Yes, Ireally enjoyedit. 2 a LaS 3 (read) lots ofinformation. o a ace ler Eventually 1% (get)aminterviewand5 (make) Ae y g 3 arrangements to visit the university. 16 (leave) in plenty js par o ofhouse___———————> of time, but at the station, 17 (find) the train had been We lived in a large house near the sea, cancelled, 1 (not know) what to do, but then I a aroundthecountry? E (remember) my mother 1 (be) still at home. Yes, we travelled as much as we could. Ju (call)herandshe* (agree) to come to the 5 in the sea often? station. By the time she Y (arrive) it was raining heavily. We swam in the sea every morning. In the end, she 4 (drive) me all the way to the interview, so 0 3 many friends there? when 1 (get) there = (not feel) at all stressed. oo ecople: 1, (answer) the questions as well as 18 — (can), and pe: (pass) the interview. 2B b Put the verbs into the past simple or past continuous. a Complete the sentences with a verb in the past continuous. My friend and I were shopping for clothes. (shop) 1 What you at? (look) 2 My brother couldn't come because he - (work) 3 We home when we saw an accident. (drive) 4 Imadea mistake because 1 . (not think) 5 Hetold me he a book about his life. (write) 6 Why___ you up the road? (run) 71 you yet. (not expect) 8 They___—atabeachresort. (stay) We were having coffee when Sarah phoned. (have, phone) 1h when we the house. (rain, leave) 21 himwhilel in France. (meet, study) 3 1 —_tosurf while I in California. (learn, live) 4 When we_ my sister . (arrive, wait) 5 They the doorbell because they TV. (not hiéar, watch) 6 Jenny seill of what to say when she the office. (think, reach) 7 Doyou think you your earring while you the house? (lose, clean) 2C b a Putthe sentences in the right order. a [_] After dinner we had coffee in the lounge. b [_] Iwentto the hotel bar before dinner and we got chatting. < [_] Over dinner we talked about our families and interests. d [_] Then we went for a walk by the beach. One evening during my holiday last year, I made a new friend. f 1] She agreed, so we ordered some food and drinks. g [_] We decided to meet up again the next day. h [_] I suggested we could share a table for dinner. Complete the sentences with so, because, but, or although. I recognized James immediately although had only met him once before. 1 I don't have enough money for a taxi Pll have to walk. 2 Wecan'tgotothepark____it'sraining. 3 Llooked everywhere, I couldn't find my book. 4 Itwas still light we went for a walk. 5 We wanted to buy tickets they had all been sold. 6 IT forgot to post the card Iwas rushing to get to work. 7 She can't take the exam now, she can take it next year. 8 Therestaurant was full wewenttoacafé. 9 My mother would like another cat she already has two. TEA 3 3A be going to 1 Pm going'to work for a non-governmental organization (NGO). He's going to meet me at the airport. 2 I'm sure England are going to lose tomorrow. l's going to rain tonight. You 1 Use be going to + infinitive to talk about future plans or intentions. Are you gol 0? Yes, lam. / No, I'm not. Is he going to work for an NGO? Yes, heis. / No, he isn't. l'm going to We |'regoingto She |'sgoingto | workforanNGO. 2 Weuse be going to +infinitive to make They lt a prediction when we know or can see You e that something is going to happen. Pmnotgoingto We |arer'tgoingto She |isn'tgoingto | work for an NGO. It's winter there so it's going to be cold. They lt Look at that car! IPs going to crash. 3B present continuous (future arrangements) y Pm seeing a friend tonight. She's arriving at lunchtime. E] Sheisrt leaving until Friday. They aren't coming to the party. What are you doing this evening? Is she meeting us at the restaurant? + Weoften use the present continuous with a future meaning, especially for future arrangements, .e. for plans we have made ata fixed time or place in the future. Don't use the present simple for this. NOT Eseesomesuiendstomiglt: Je be going to or present continuous? We can often use either with no difference in meaning, e.8. l'm going to see Anna on Tuesday. OR I'm seeing Anna on Tuesday. It's very common to use the present continuous with the expressions tonight, tomorrow, this weekend, etc. and with verbs describing travel arrangements, e.g. go, come, leave, arrive. I'm leaving on Monday ¡is more common than I'm going to leave on Monday. 3C defining relative clauses with who, which, where A cookis a person who makes food. That's the woman who won the lottery last year. A clock is something which tells the time. Is thar the book which everybody's reading? st office is a place where you can buy stamps. he restaurant where | had dinner last week. r 2 B Ej Er Po GE y” O ISE 1 nt + Use defining relative clauses to explain what a person, thing or place is or does. + Use who fora person, which for a thing and where fora place. that You can use that instead of who or which. She's the girl who / that works with my brother. It's a thing which / that connects two computers. 4 4A present perfect Pve finished my homework. She's cleaned the kitchen. He hasn't done the washing up. A Has she turned off her phone? B No, she hasn't. + Weoften use the present perfect to talk about the recent past, not saying exactly when things happened. + Weoften use the present perfect to give news. Mary's had her baby! A parcel has arrived for you. , ; rac al l have Ive haven't You have You've You haven't He/She/lt has. He/She/lt's He/She/lthasn't | finished the exercise. We have We've We haven't They have They've They haven't yet, just, already 1. A Have you done your homework yet? B No, not yet. I haven't finished yet. 2 Mysister's just started a new job. 3 A Do you want to see this film? B No, I've already seen it three times. » Weoften use yet, justand already with the present perfect. 1 Useyetin[?]and[7]sentences to ask if something has happened or to say ifit hasn't happened. Put yet atthe end of the sentence. Use justin [H]sentences to say that something happened very recently. Put just before the main verb. 3 Usealready in [F] sentences to say that something happened before now or earlier than P Have you finished the exercise? Yes, have. / No, | haven't. Has he done the homework? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't. expected. Put already before the main verb. + For regular verbs the past participle is the same as the past simple (+ -ed). For irregular verbs the past participle is sometimes the same as the past simple (e.g. buy, bought, bought) and sometimes different (e.g. do, did, done). 4B present perfect or past simple? (1) Have you ever been to a fancy dress party? She's seen that film twice. Pye never met Nina's husband. +» Weoften use the present perfect to talk about past experiences in our lives when we don't specify a time. 79) been and gone Compare the present perfect of be and go. Mike has been to Paris. = He went to Paris and came back. Mike has gone to Paris. = He's in Paris now. present perfect or past simple? A Have you ever been to Mexico? B Yes, | have. A When did you go there? B I went last year. A Have you seen his new film? B Yes, l have. A What did you think ofit? B Hovedit. + Conversations often begin in the present perfect (with a general question) and then change to the past simple to ask for or give specific details, e.g. when, what, where, who with, etc. 4C something, anything, nothing, etc. people Somebody | Someone has taken my pen! I didn't speak to anybody | anyone. Did anybody | anyone phone? No, nobody | no one. Nobody | No one phoned. EjSalal things T bought something for dinner. I didn't do anything at the weekend. Is there anything in the fridge? No, nothing. There's nothing in the fridge. places Let's go somewhere this weekend. We didn't go anywhere this summer. Is there anywhere to park? No, nowhere. There's nowhere to park. + Usesomebody | someone, something, somewhere with a [+] verb when you don't say exactly who, what, or where. Use anybody | anyone, anything, anywhere in questions or with a] verb. I didn't do anything last night. NOT fdidnitdo nothing: » Usenobody | no one, nothing, nowherein short answers orin sentences with a [+] verb. 4A a Write sentences in the present perfect. She / do the shopping. She's done the shopping. He ] see his parents since Christmas [E] 1 / finish my homework We | receive your letter [-] | you go on holiday this year My boyfriend / see that film [-] T/ posta card to my grandmother | you turn your computer off 1 / buy any meat this week UDALA ENTRY CHECKER b_ Write sentences or questions with already, just, or yet. Emily / finish the work. (just) Emily's just finished the work. TJ ask | the lecturer about that. (already) [you | have lunch? (yet) They / get back / from holiday. (just) We | not decide | where to go. (yet) The manager / make / his decision. (already) The flowers / begin | to come out. (just) T/not start | my revision. (yet) VIUADUIRADN Sorry, she | leave. (already) 4B a Complete with the verb in the present perfect. b_ Complete the dialogue with the present perfect or past simple. A When did you arrivein England? (arrive) B1 here since September. (be) Has your brother registered for college? A? you much ofthe country yet? (see) (Eepistes) B No, 1? much opportunity so far. 14 to look on LS her a present yet. (not buy) the Internet for places to visit. (have, start) 2 The teacher a test for our class. (set) AS you thetouristinformation office? (try) 3 youever_ toarock B Yes.1* there last Saturday. (g0) festival? (go) 4 I the dinner yet. (not cook) ' 5 Where are they? They COTO c Complete with been or gone. cinema. (go) Here comes Dad. He's been fishing. 6 My sister always to 1 Pam has to study abroad. travel. (want) 2 She's __% in town for hours already. 7 you the news today? (hear) 3 Have you — to the theatre recently? 8 We them very long. (not know) 4 Ican't meet my friends today because they've toan 9 The children their homework. artexhibition. (not done) 5 Where's your cat today? I don't know, he's Outall 10 anyone Silvio? (see) morning. 4C b Answer with Nobody, Nowhere, or Nothing. a Complete with something, anything, nothing, etc. At least we learnt something from our experience. Is there I can do to help you? We can't find the email Tused to know who looked just like her. The police searched the area but found Let's go quiet to chat. knows how worried she's been. Is there yowd really like to go? T'm afraid this conversation is going We couldn't see must know the answer, 'm sure! 00D an we liked in the boutique. = 1 Where did you go last Friday night? 2 Who was with you? 3 What did you do? Answer the questions in b with a full sentence. 1 Ididn'tgo 2 3 SA a Write sentences with a comparative adjective oradverb than. New York is more expensive than Miami. (expensive) 1 Ican type my sister. (quick) 2 This wineis ofa quality that one. (good) 3 Our French test was Texpected, (easy) 4 My fatheris much he used to be. (thin) 5 This termis a week last term. (short) 6 The city is away Tthought. (far) 7 Tthink the theatre is the cinema. (exciting) 8 Do you know anyone 90? (old) 9 Your train arrives mine. (early) 10 The weather today is much itwas yesterday. (bad) b Rewrite the sentences so they mean the same. Use as ... as. pS ENTRY CHECKER Stanley is stronger than Jacob. Jacob isn't as strong as Stanley. Our TVis bigger than my parents”, My parents' TV isn't Honey is sweeter than sugar. Sugarisn't Your house is larger than ours. Our house isn't Canberra is smaller than Melbourne. Melbourne isn't I have passed more tests than Chloé. Chloé hasn't Spain scored more goals than Italy. Italy didn't Our carpets are cleaner than yours. Your carpets aren't 5B a Complete the sentences with the superlative. They call him the fastest gun in the West! 10 Ben Nevisis the mountain in Scotland. (high) 1 He's the person I know. (cheerful) 2 They are the team in the competition. (good) 3 Thisis the plant Pve ever seen. (unusual) 4 Ithas been the summer for many years. (bad) 5 Chinais the country with the population. (large) 6 Ellenis the girl in our class. (slim) 7 Singapore has one of the world's airports. (attractive) 8 The train leaves at midnight. (late) 9 Please can you point out the route? (direct) b Write sentences with a superlative + ever + the present perfect. He / intelligent person / 1 / meet He's the most intelligent person P've ever met. It long distance / 1 / travel They / pretty clothes / 1 / see She | kind person / 1 / meet Ir / frightening book / 1 / read Tr / bad restaurant / we / be to It unusual music / 1 / hear That / good bargain / 1 / find It [ encouraging report / she / have It / quiet place Jwe / live VOD Ele a the correct form. Pve walked(o9)] too much far, 'm tired. She doesn't eat vegetables enough | enough vegetables. They don't come to see us enough | enough come to see us. How many | much money have you brought? We're too much busy | much too busy to see you today. I buy too much | too many magazines. He's too quiet | too much quiet. There isn't time enough | enough time to go to the beach. DUDAR Tthink the children get too much | too many homework. b_ Complete the sentences with too, too much, too many, or enough. vn. un a Some people have told me my catis too fat. I£I drink coffee late at night, I can't sleep. There are students in that class. He wont pass the exam, he hasn't done revision. We were late to catch the bus. T's bestif you don't invite people to the party. Do you have sales assistants in the shop? Ifyou put milk in the jug, you will spill it. There were speakers at the conference. 6 GA will / won't (predictions) A I'msceing Jane atsix. B She”ll be late. The filnvsin French. We won't understand anything. It's a great book. P'm sure you”ll like it. I don't thinkit'll rain tomorrow. 1/You/He/She/ 1/You/He/She/ It/We/They "llbelate. 1t/We/They won't be late. Contractions: I= will; won't =will not l/you/ he/she/ it/we/ belate? Yes, they l/you/ he/she/ it/we/ they will will. No, won't. + Weoften use will | won't + infinitive for future predictions, i.e. to say things we think, guess, or know about the future. + Weoftenusel think | don't think + will. Ithink he'll fail the exam. Idon'tthink he" pass theexam. NOT Ethinkhewor'tpass: be going to for predictions We can also use be going to to predict something you know or can see is going to happen (see 3A), e-8. Look at the clouds. It's going to rain. They're playing very well. 'm sure they're going to win. 6B will / won't (decisions, offers, promises) decisions I won't stay for dinner. I think PI go home early. offers PI help you with your homework. — Shall L open the window? promises Pll always love you. [Iwow'ttell anybody. + Usewill | won't + infinitive for making decisions, offering, and promising. PlL help you with those bags. NOT Fhetpyow: + Whenan offeris a question, we use Shall [...? or Shall we...? ShallI pay? Shallwe do the washing-up? 6C review of tenses: present, past and future tense example use present simple Ilive in the city centre. things that happen always or usually. She doesn't smoke. present continuous He's looking for a new job. things that are happening now or in the near future Pm leaving tomorrow. things that we have arranged for the future 7 past simple We saw a good film last night. finished actions in the past We didn't do anything yesterday. past continuous He was working in Paris. actions that were in progress at a past time What were you doing at 7.00? be going to +infinitive Pm going to see Tom tonight. future plans Look! It's going to rain. predictions when we know [ can see what's going to happen will | wor't + infinitive You'll love New York. predictions P11 phone her later. instant decisions PI help you. offers PI pay you back tomorrow. promises ' present perfect Pve finished the book. recently finished actions (we don't say when) Have you ever been to Iran? past experiences 7 7A. uses of the infinitive with to Ineed to buy some new clothes. Try not to talk about politics. It'1l be nice to meet your parents. It's important not to be late. I don't know where to go or what to do. 4 A Why did you go to the party? B To meet new people. Iwent to the party to meet new people. IN) + Theinfinitive is the base form of the verb. Itis often used with to. lt can be positive (e.g. to be) or negative (e.g. not to be). + Usethe infinitive with to: 1 after some verbs, e.g. want, need, would like, etc. 2 after adjectives. 3 after question words, e.g. what, where, when, etc. 4. to say why you do something. Icameto this schoolto learn English. NOT fortearn-English. Infinitive without to Remember that we use the infinitive without to after auxiliary verbs (do / does / didh't) and after most modal verbs (can, could, will, would, etc.), e.g. Do you live near here? Can you help me? | won't forget. What would you do? 7B uses of the gerund (verb + -ing) 1 Eating outside in the summer makes me feel good. My idea of happiness is getting up late and not going to work. 2 1 love readingin bed. Thate not getting to the airport early. 3 I'mthinking ofbuyinganew car. Heleft without saying goodbye. + The gerundis the base form of the verb + ing. It can be positive (e.g. going) or negative (e.g, not going). + Usethe gerund: 1 asthe subject or object ofa sentence. 2. after some verbs, e.g. like, love, hate, enjoy, etc. 3 after prepositions. + Remember the spelling rules for the -ing form. 7C have to, don't have to, must, mustn't have to, don't have to I have to get up at seven every day. She has to speak English at work. We don't have to wear a uniform at this school. He doesn't have to work on Saturdays. Do! have to buy a grammar book? What time does she have to get up in the morning? + Use have to + verb (infinitive) to talk about rules and obligations. Use don't have to + verb (infinitive) to say that there is no obligation, or that something is not necessary. + Use do | does to make questions and negatives. Do I have to go? NOT Havettogo? + Don't contract have or has. Il haveto go. NOT Pvetogo: must / mustn't You must do your homework tonight. She must tidy her room before she goes out. You mustn't leave your bags here. [ mustn't forget to cal! her tonight. (mustn't = must not) Must] buy a grammar book? When must we register for the exam? + Use must + verb (infinitive without to) to talk about rules and obligations. + must | mustr'tis the same for all persons. + Usemustn't + verb (infinitive without to) to say something is prohibited. mustand have to Must and have to are very similar, but there is a small difference. We normally use have to for a general obligation (a rule at work / school or a law). We normally use must for a personal obligation (one that the speaker imposes), e.g. a teacher to students or a parent to a child. But often you can use either must or have to. mustn't and don't have to Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings. Compare: You mustr't go. = It's prohibited. Don't go. You don't have to go.= You can go if you want to, but it's not obligatory / necessary. Impersonal you We often use have to and must with impersonal you (you = people in general), e.g. You have to wear a seatbelt in a car. You mustn't take photos in the museum. 7A ENTRY CHECKER b Complete the sentences with a positive or negative infinitive. a Match the sentence halves. Climb iron ge have arrive notknow make notburn You should save your money We can buy books more cheaply [_] Are good manners very important O Come outinto the garden [_] Pm worried I sometimes forget [_] Make sure the children [| mean A my friends' birthdays. B when the sales are on. C for Christmas: D cross the road safely. E in your country? F andlook at the flowers. XODO0R Mn My cousins want £o go to Spain this year. A Can you come to the theatre on Friday? that evening. a really high mountain. . Pve heard enough already. Camping is a cheap way B Sorry, I won't be able My main ambition is Pd prefer a holiday. Would you have time my shirt, please? I'simportant on time for your appointment. Take care _ your fingers. 7B a Complete the sentences with a verb in the listin the -ing form. come sew be cross paint grow run write fly Sewingis my favourite way of relaxing. My father enjoys vegetables. Edward goes out every morning. Pve always dreamed of first class. She's very good ar pictures. homeis always a pleasure. %UADUA MN I don't like late for meetings. Take care when the road. I must carry on with my essay. b Put the verbs in the -ing form or infinitive. The thiefwas caught as he was about to escape. (escape) My brother's not very good at to emails. (reply) Tove watching autumn leaves (fall) 3 Did you mean m the clock? (stop) the dogs good exercise. 5 Pdlike__ thelastepisodeofthe series. (watch) ES 6 Is your sister worried about her bills? (pay) 7 I'msorry, meant Td be late. (say) 8 This train spends ten minutes the station. (wait) at 7C a Complete the sentences with the correct form of have to. T have to do some shopping for my neighbour. 1 Doyou take your dog for a walk every morning? 2 My daughter go to the doctor's after school. 3 We work today. It's a public holiday. 4 All new students complete this form. 5 Do you leave so soon? 6 Everyone make choices in life. 7 Yow!ll take a raincoat; it's going to rain. 8 Gerard look after his younger brother today? b Circo) the correct form, have to, must, don't have to, or mustr't. Tick /ifboth forms are possible. [7 You(don't have 10) mustn't provide proof of address. 1 | | We haveto | must check out the latest offers online. 2 | | Youdon't have to | mustn't come with me if you don't want to go. 3 [_ We haveto | must get back by midnight or the door will be locked. 4 [| You have to | must lock the door — someone might get in. 5 [_] Do you have to | must you always ask me where Dye been? 6 [_] My friend has to | must replace her passport soon. 7 [_] Idon't have to | mustn't repair it, it's not broken. 8 [_] We have plenty of time—we don't have to | mustn't make a decision till next week. ENTRY CHECKER 8A a Complete with should | shouldn't. b Complete the sentences with should or shouldn't + a verb from the list below. expect make use stay have You shouldn't eat so many cakes. open leave wait try 1 You___ havewaitedso long before coming to see me. Ishould try to learn another language. 2 You take my advice. 1 They _ later for late-night shopping. 3 You try to have a walk every day. 2 We___ everyonetoagreewithus. 4 You have snacks between meals. 3 You yourself a hot drink, it will help you sleep. 5 You think about your diet. 4 We___ uplate,wehavean early train to catch. 6 You drink alcohol every day. SiShe— to be invited — she's always welcome. 7 You get your eyes tested. 6 We the stairs instead of the lift. 8 You look so worried. 7 Everyone regular health checks. 8 We___ theparty early it would be impolite. 8B b Complete with the correct form of the verbs. If you look carefully, you'IL see a rabbit. (look, see) 1 Ifwe ¿Wwe the start ofthe film. (not hurry, miss) a Match the sentence halves. Pll catch the early train, 1 I£you sitin the sun too long, [_] 2 The flowers ifwe some rain soon. (die, get) 2 If you return your library book promptly, [_] 3 We all sorry if you .(be, leave) 3 He won't pass his exams [_] 4 I£I my husband, he Pve had an accident. 4 IfIwriteto you, [] (not phone, think) 5 Iwon'tbeable to afford a holiday [_] 5 II myhandbagdown,I____ probably 6 Will you be at home [_] —— it.(put, forget) E 6 Yourjourney _muchlongerifyou____ thatway. A if come round to see you? (take, go) B your skin will burn. 7 If the skies clear tonight, we to see the stars. C will you write back? (be, be able) D you won't have to pay a fine. 8 You enough information unless you the E ifEgetupin-time: papers P've sent you. (not have, read) F ifhe doesn't revise. 9 IfShona her exams, we all out G if I don't getajob. to celebrate. (pass, go) 8c b Complete the sentences with a pronoun or possessive adjective, a (Circle correct form. Venice is famous for its gondolas. Is thisGheip) theirs house? 1 A Have you brought your camera? 1 Those are my | mine thoughts on the subject. B No, my brother's is better, so P've brought 2. Please bring your | yours laptop with you tonight. 2 Bertrand and Maria are trying to sell house. 3 I'm sure that umbrella is my / mine. 3 There's a beautiful catin the garden. ls it ? 4 Your | Yours was the best essay in the class. 4 Our friends have brought a picnic to share with 5 This part of the buildingisn't our / ours. 5 Please start writing Answers now. 6 Itwas my | mine idea, not her | hers. 6 Pvesent__ application offtoday. 7. Please tell them their | theirs advice was 7 If you need to borrow a lawnmower, we can lend very helpful. you Ñ 8 Have you written all the notes in 8 My mother gave me this necklace, so it's now. your | yours notebook? 9 The pencils are her | hers, but not the pens. 9 9A second conditional: if + past, would / wouldn't 1 Ifa bullattacked me, P'd run away. I£you didn't go to bed so late, you wouldn't be so tired in the morning. Would you take the managers job if they offered it to you? If I had more time 'd do more exercise. Pd do more exercise ifl had more time. 3 If we went by car, we could stop at places on the way. P 1 Use if+ pastto talk about animaginary or hypothetical future situation and would | wouldn't+ verb to talk about the consequence. would | wouldr'tis the same for all persons. + Contractions: 'd= would (I'd, you'd, he'd, etc.); wouldn't =would not. 2 Theifeclause can come first or second. Ifthe ¡£clause comes first, we usually put a comma before the next clause. 3. You can also use could + infinitive instead of would + infinitive in the other clause. 4) bein second conditionals With the verb be you can use were (instead of was) after | / he / she / it, e.g. If Jack was / were here, he'd know what to do. Use were (not was) in the expression If were YOU. We often use this expression for advice, e.8. If Iwere you, l wouldn't take that job. first or second conditional? Compare the first and second conditionals. + Use the first conditional for possible future situations. IfI don't have to work tomorrow, ll help you. (= Irsa possibility. Maybe I will help you.) » Usethe second conditional forimaginary or hypothetical situations. If didn't haveto work tomorrow, 'd help you. (= It's a hypothetical situation. I have to work, so 1 can't help you.) 9B present perfect + for or since A Where do you live now? B In Manchester. A Howlong have you lived there? B Pvelived there for twenty years. A Where do you work? B Ina primary school. A Howlong have you worked there? B Pve worked there since 2005. Mane foror since? + Usethe present perfect + for or since to talk about actions and states which started in the pastand are still true now. Pve lived in Manchester for twenty years. years ago and Ilive in Manchester now. + Don'tuse the present simple in this type of sentence, e-9, NOT Hivein- T came to live in Manchester twenty + Use How long...? to ask questions about the duration ofan action or a state. + Use for +a period of time, e.g. for two weeks, for ten years, for a long time, etc. P've had this car for three months. + Usesince with the beginning ofa period of time, e.y, since 1980, since last June, etc. T've been afraid of spiders since Iwas a child. 9C present perfect or past simple? (2) 1 Use the past simple to talk abouta finished period of time in the past. 2 Use the present perfect to talk abouta period of time from 1 A Howlong was Bob Marley a musician? B He wasa musician for twenty yea A. How many Grammys did he win? B He didn't win any. 2 A Howlong has Ziggy Marley been a musician? B He's beena musician since he was ten. A How many Grammys has he won? B He's won four. the past until now. + Compare the past simple and present perfect. Jack was married for ten years. = Jackis not married now. Hess divorced or dead. Jack has been married for ten years. = Jackis married now.