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Overview of English Punctuation Independent clause| e.g 1 like English. Independent ciause| ; | independent clause e.g. Tlike English; its a wonderful language. Independent clause| ; therefore, | independent clause however, nevertheless, consequently, furthermore, morcover, (other transitional phrases) e.g. 1 like English; however, 1 don't like learning vocabulary. Independent clause| , and | independent chause |. but for (denn) or nor so yet (coordinating conjunctions) c.g. Lliko English, but 1 don't like learning vocabulary. s 9 independent clausos are dore and here ¿5 no danger of misrsading, +2 The plane took of and we werc on ourvay Ji ismeverrong o use the comma, thongh. 1 dependent clause Because Since When While Although After e.g. Although 1 like English, I don't like learning vocabulary. 1 thought corrupts language, language can also corrupt thought. independent clause |. Independent clausej if dependent clause | . because since when while although after eg. Hike English although 1 dos't Kike learning vocabulary. Use a comma between ali jtems in a series (AE). Do not use a comma before the conjunction in a series (BE). e.g. All the things l really like to do are either immoral, illegal, or fattening. (AE) All the things | really like to do are either immoral, illegal or fattening. (BE) é Do not use a comma between cumulative adjectives (— adjectives that do not modify the naun separately) e.g. Three large gray shapes moved slowly towards us. Use a coma after an introductory word group or clause, Near a small stream at the bottom of the canyon, we discovered a bear's cave, Excited about the move. John began packing his suitcases. Aller graduating from college, | will go and live abroad for a few years, Note The coma may bs omined attes a short adverbial phrase (Uhroe words or less) ¿Uthcre is no demger ofaaisteading, 2, Ínnotime we were dosen atte Fost of the mount. It is never vengo use ile coma, Uroughe Use a comma (a) after transitions, However, 1 will come back home for retirement. En fact, E have alrcady made extensive retirement plans. (b) parenthetical expressions (afterthoughts) Evolution, so far as we know, doesn't work this way. He weighed about 220 pounds, give or take a few pounds. (c) absolute phrases (modify the whole sentence) Her tennis game at last perfected, Chris won the cup. (d) contrasted elements Celia, untikc Robert, was not too fond of dance contests, Punctuation in direct speech " »” she said. He remarked, " e " +” she stated, "