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TASK 3
UNIT 2: THE PHRASE
- Identify all the verb phrases in the following passage. For each verb phrase, indicatewhether the verbs of which it is composed (there may be only one!) are auxiliary or lexical.
A hundred years from now, we ’ll look (‘ll auxiliary, look lexical) back at this period and wonder (lexical) how we got (lexical) sidetracked (lexical) en route to sexual equality - that is (auxiliary) , if there ’s (auxiliary) anyone around to do (auxiliary) so. For if the present trend continues (lexical) , we are going (are auxiliary, going lexical) to reach (lexical) the point where no sane woman would ever consider (would auxiliary, consider lexical) having (lexical) a baby, nor any sensitive man dream (lexical) of inflicting (lexical) pregnancy upon her. The trend seems (lexical) to be growing (be auxiliary, growing lexical) most rapidly among those women with the most education. And since more and more women are seeking (are auxiliary, seeking lexical) higher education these days, we may be looking (may auxiliary, be auxiliary, looking lexical) forward to a future in which having (lexical) babies will be considered (will auxiliary, be auxiliary, considered lexical) as dumb as sponsoring (lexical) debutante balls, giving (lexical) tea parties, doing (lexical) volunteer work and other traditionally female enterprises.
- Identify all the prepositional and phrasal verbs in the following sentences and classifyeach as one or the other:
a. Anna and her mother got off the bus at Kensington Street and went straight to the shop. GET OFF Prepositional verb b. Thomas picked up his novel again but could not read for more than ten minutes. PICK UP Phrasal verb c. I have been thinking about things to do, like painting the cellar. THINK ABOUT Prepositional verb d. He blew out all fifty candles on his birthday cake. BLOW OFF Phrasal verb e. Who was Mary talking to for half an hour? TALK TO Prepositional verb
- Supply the most appropriate form for each capitalised verb in the following sentences.For each form indicate whether it is:
- past or presentperfect or non-perfect
- progressive or non-progressive Example: Answer: The team not BE BEATEN in 40 yearsThe team has not been beaten in 40 years past, perfect, non-progressive a. Last year I VISITED Scotland. I ’D BEEN LOOKING FORWARD to the trip for months, but I never HAVE HAD such a disappointment: whenever I LOOKED out of the hotel window, there WERE grey skies. b. Every time I WALKED home from school, Tony forever WAS PESTERING me to go out with him. c. Now that my hearing aid HAS BEEN FIXED by that charming young man, I HEAR much better. d. [as said in June:] My Australian cousin ARRIVED in Barcelona in March. She’s travelling round Europe for three months. She HAS VISITED three countries so far.
g. Someone has seen you climbing into the neighbour’s garden. You’ve been seen climbing into the neighbour’s garden. h. Someone walked into the class. i. Can you rely on him? Can he/she be relied on? j. We are attending to the matter. The matter is being attended to k. They offered me a reward for finding their cat. I was offered a reward for finding their cat. l. The monkey was climbing in the tree. m. They had informed us that the train would be late. We had been informed that the train would be late. n. People talk too easily about going to war. o. We have asked you repeatedly to contact our office. You have been asked repeatedly to contact our office. p. Anne is definitely the best student in the class.
- Rewrite the following sentences, choosing the right form of the personal pronoun whereyou are asked to make a choice:
a. Although that mountain seems very near, he/she/it is in fact twenty miles away. Although that mountain seems very near, it is in fact twenty miles away. b. Who is there? It is I/me. Who is there? It is me.
c. Come and sit here between him and I/me. Come and sit here between him and me. d. What a fine ship! When was he/she/it built? What a fine ship! When was she built? e. Come over here! Who, I/me? Come over here! Who, me? f. The cat came up to me and I started to pet it/her. The cat came up to me and I started to pet her. g. Who did that? It was we/us. Who did that? It was us. h. She and I/Her and me went to the cinema together. She and I went to the cinema together. i. Can anyone answer this question? I/me, miss! Can anyone answer this question? Me, miss! j. Even before a baby is born, he/she/it is aware of the mother tongue. Even before a baby is born, it is aware of the mother tongue.
- Choose which of the possessive determiners is appropriate in the following sentences: a. He is looking for a birthday present for his /her mother. b. Nora told me she’s not very happy with his/ her supervisor. c. This afternoon my son will be playing with his /her/their friends. d. My wife’s character is similar to that of his/ her father.
- There are four demonstrative pronouns in English:which of the pronouns should be used to replace TH in the following sentences: this , that , these , and those. Choose
a. I really don’t like those people! b. Norman has lost his favourite watch. That is a real pity. c. I was born just after the Second World War. That was a long time ago.
c. until he came back
Prep. P head + pronoun + verb
d. should have been driven
VP aux + aux + aux + verb
e. army officers
NP mod + head
f. with regard to your first question
Prep. P Prep. (complex) + C
g. more slowly than necessary
Adv. P mod + head + post mod
h. only by studying hard
Prep. P mod + prep + compl (clause)
i. something exciting
NP head + mod
j. (she married) too hastily for a girl of her age
Adv. P head + clause
l. sure that he is innocent
Adj. P head + post mod
m. according to my information
Adv. P head + clause
n. the fact that inflation is going up
NP det + head + clause
o. shortly afterwards
Adv. P mod + head
p. just at that moment
Adv. P head + clause
q. absolute rubbish
NP mod + head
r. a pop concert with music at pain-producing intensity
NP det + mod + head + post mod
s. very kind of you
NP mod + adv + head
t. more comfortably than travelling by air
Adv. P mod + head + clause
