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Unit 1
A Problems combat come up against confront encounter face face up to resolve rise above run into sort out tackle
a problem
B Challenges and achievements
a common a major a minor a potential a recurrent a serious a tough a trivial an unexpected an urgent
accept high/s tron g face low/ poor pose personal present a^ challenge^ political ri se to take up
a dauntin g an exciting a formidable
staff student
achieve
motivation
probl em
admit be doomed to be resigned to end in failure meet with result in
failure
a burnin g my greatest a lifelong my main a persona l a secret
a great a major an outstanding
amb ition
a major challenge
be assured of deserve enjoy guarantee meet with
success
complete continu ed dismal ine vitabl e total
a remarkable achievement anew a serious
improv e incre ase
be a/an great hu ge lack motivation overnight success
achieve fulfil hav e pursue lose reso unding reali ze strengthen roaring
C Possibility
There's every/ li ttle/ no
chance likelihood possibility
of something (happening ). tha t somet hin g will happen.
distinct faint good Th ere's a r eal (very) realistic
chan ce of sth (h appe nin g). possibility that sth will happen.
a scientific a sporting a technological
an amb ition
She is bound/certain/sure to do it. She is highly likely to do it. She may/mi g ht/ could well do it. She could easily/conceivably do it. She is hardly likely to do it. She's highl y unlikely to do it. It is hi g hl y li ke l y/pro bable/unlikely/ improbable t h at she'll do it.
remo te slig ht stro ng We are go ing to investigate/look int o
every a fair a good They have/stand littl e no an outside a slim
One cannot ignore/rule out/exclude the possibility that .. ./of ... You sho uld not overlook In order to reduce
chance of doing sth
Unit 2
Changes Verbs and nouns bring about a call for a cope with int ro du ce a c han ge le ad to a resist welcome a witness a
ad ap t to/ change/college adjust to life/a n ew job adjust clo thin g/the vo lum e/the h eig ht of alt er pla ns/ cloth es/ yo u r a pp earance amend a law/a document change pl aces/the subject/your mind/your tune/ your ways convert (^) a building/ m oney/to a re lig ion
Unit 3
A Information Verbs access b roadcast collect compile
modify your beh avi our/ your language/ a design shift the blame or responsibility for sth onto sb switc h sides/( over) to a new currency/TV channels tran sfer money to ano ther account/to a t eam or d epa rtm ent transform (the appearance or c haract er of) a person/a place/ a th in g vary your diet/the me nu /yo ur routine/ in price
Verbs and adverbs adapt to/ automatically/ adjust (^) easily/effortlessly alter completely/ dramatically/ sligh tly
change drastically/ Prepositions^ and^ nouns overnight/ attitude(s) significantly policy modify sli ghtl y/ the law substantially/ a change in a pati ent's s ubtl y condition transform completely/ sb's^ fortunes instantly/ the weat her radically vary considerabl y/ great ly/wid ely address Adjectives and nouns direction a dramatic go v ern ment econo mi c heart a far-reac hing a change of luck a pleasant mind poli tical mood a refr es hin g change
pace a sign ificant pl an social sce ne a s udd en a sweeping an unexpected a welcome
C Adjectives to describe methods and ways of doing things controversial convenient (un)conventional
novel obso l ete old-fas hi oned
find gather i^ nformation
Adjectives (in)accurate (un)ambiguous ( un)bi as ed (un)clear comp rehe nsive confidential limit ed mis l eading
informatio n
cos tly cost -effective effective
persuas ive rapid ( un )reliabl e get subtle give ob ta in provid e publish
B Smell Verbs d etec t get r id of gi ve off leave notice re member
sm ell good/ba d
a/the smell (of sth)
(ir )relevant (un)reliable up-to-date useful useless vague
Adjectives to describe smells acrid pun gent distin ct rancid faint sickly foul sta le fresh mouth - watering musty overpowe rin g (un)pleasant
strong swee t unmistakab le
efficient familiar frustrating h andy inexpensive in gen iou s innovative
Nouns aroma fragrance odour perfume scent smell stenc h
time-saving tradit i onal tried and tested unique (un)usual
Unit 6
A Intelligence and ability Adjectives and nouns accomplished dancer/pianist/singer born artist/teacher/ writer competent driver/lawyer/ skier experienced journalist/manager/professional expert cook/gardener/skier gifted musician/sportswoman/student proficient horsewoman/pilot/typis t promising (young) athlete/player/student skilful card player/diplomat/footballer skilled craftsman/technician/worker strong talented
swimmer actor/player/youngster
art/ computer/w ine (^) expert
be brilliant/good/weak/terrible/hopeless at a subject, a sport or a skill
a brainy/brilliant/bright/gifted child a whizzkid a child prodigy
Expressions be an ace at solving puzzles/(playing) tennis be good with your hands be a dab hand at DIY/at painting/with a paintbrush have a (natural) flair for languages/design/improvisation have a (natural) gift for languages / music/writing have an ear for accents/language/mus ic have an eye for detail have a head for figures have a nose for a good news story have a good/poor memory
Adverbs and adjectives academically exceptionally highly intellectually musically naturally
g ifted
hi ghly I incredibly intelligent remarkably
enormously exceptionally highly hugely outstandingly
extremely highly very
talented
promising
B Adjectives for reviews action - packed exhilarating atmospheric fast-moving cliched gripping compelling implausible credible impressive disappointing entertaining excruciating
C Comparisons
innovative memorable moving
overhyped powerful predictable sentimental stunning tedious unconvincing
a considerable/ huge/marked/slight difference a close/remarkable/striking similarity
be common to all/both be (not) dissimilar from/to be very much alike be unlike another thing bear a close/a striking/a strong/a slight/little/no resemblance to differ from one thing compares (un)favourably/well/badly with another develop along different lines/in a different way from have a great deal/little/ nothing in common with resemble each other there is little to choose between them in terms of there is a world of difference between there are obvious/striking similarities between what sets him/ her/it apart from others is
D Sleep Adverbs
sleep
badly fitfully heavily lightly peacefully rough soundly well
Verbs and expressions be a heavy/l ight sleeper be fast asleep be/feel wide awake doze off/drop off/nod off fall asleep fall into a deep sleep get a good night's sleep get to s leep have/ take a nap have a sleepless night have an animal put to sleep ke ep sb awake lie/stay awake
lose sleep over sth my arm/leg went to sleep send sb to sleep sleep like a log sleep on it sleep through the night sleep through a storm snooze stay up suffer from insomnia toss and tu r n wake up to the fact that
Unit 7
A Health Adjective s and nouns aching joints/ limbs / muscles blocked nose brui sed ribs/thigh chippe d bone/to oth di sl ocate d hip/jaw/shoulder spraine d ankle/wrist swo llen glands/feet/lips torn muscles/li ga ments upset stomach
bl indi ng hi gh/lo w hi gh/l ow/mil d (h ighly) infectious medical serious
headach e blo od pres s ure fever disea se comp l aint ill ness
Phrasal verbs break/come out in a rash a disease breaks out st h brings on a h eart attack
Unit
A Amount a full refund a goo d few (hours) a great deal of sth a la rge nu mber of th ings a sma ll/no extra charge
an a wfu l l ot of sth/ thin gs no limit to sth precious little (time) the low/high cost of sth/things
B Verbs with up; down, over and under downgrade overrule update download overthrow upgrade downplay und ercut uphold downsize un dergo uproot overhear undertake upst age
bring sb round an illness clears up carry out t ests co me down w ith an illne ss c ome round come through a serious ill ness com e up with a cure/ treatment pa in eases off g et over an ill ness pass on an illness pass out pick up an illness put one's b ack/sho uld er out p ut sth down to sth t he effects of a drug wear off wear sb out
Other verbs diagnose sb as having/w ith (an illness) fa ll (ser iously) ill with sth hav e/undergo an operation (on sth) prescribe a drug / medicine re lieve pain
D Plans Adjectives audacious bold br illiant cl ever controvers ial c unni ng d aring detail ed devi ous plan elaborate emergency impra ct icable ingenious C Adjectives with in, off, on, out and over intricate (un)feasib le inborn incoming inl and off-duty offhand
Unit
on co ming ongoing outdoor outgoing outlying
A Describing an adventure Adjectives and nouns
overcast overnigh t overseas
arid des ert/ island/landscape exqui s ite flowers/views/waterfalls gruell ing climb / hike/race idyllic conditions/setting/spot intr ep id group/traveller/voyage swirling mist/water/wind
Phrasal verbs
kick in (shots/cries) ring out run into (sb/a storm/trouble) set off (on a journey) set out to do sth turn out to be win thro ugh B Anger Adjectives and nouns h ea t ed argu ment/ deb ate/di sc ussion irate customer/letter/parent sudden ou tburst of temper
(un)viabl e (un)workab le
Expressions beco m e irat e be cross/furious wi th sb be seeth in g with anger/in di gnation/rage blow a fuse blow one's top ca lm down fly into a rag e ge t worke d up about s th go berserk/mad let off steam lose one's temper maintain on e's composure make one's blood boil scream blu e mu r der shake one's fist sta mp one's feet throw a (temper) tantrum
C Criticism aro u se a ttract
B Effect
have a/an
Verbs a bandon anno un ce carry out co n ce ive devise draw up jettison oppose
adverse beneficial catas t ro phic damaging dramatic far-reac hin g good harmfu l immediate imp ortant l asting limited l ong -/ short-term minimal noticeable side significant
a plan put forward reject reveal s crap shelve unvei l
be impervious to be unmoved by be upset by
effect (on sb/st h)
come in for/under/up against draw express give rise to i gnore meet with overcome respond to vo ice considera bl e construct ive fierce growing mounting severe strong unjust valid w id espread
criti cism
criti ci sm
Unit 12
A Expressions and phrases with work administrative casual charity conservation construction consultancy freelance social voluntary
work
Unit 13
work
environment experience incentive permit schedule
A Eating and drinking Verbs eat/drink up finish off gulp (down) munch nibble pick at polish off sip swallow swig wolf down
Adjectives and nouns favourite/s id e dish celebratory/soft drink big/fussy eater ready/square meal raging thirst
Further expressions be famished/peckish/full up I could eat a horse do sth on a full/an empty stomach eat into one's time/ money eat like a bi rd eat one's words eat sb out of house and home feel faint with hun ger hardly touch one 's food
Unit 14
be all in a day's work do all the donkey work do sb's dirty work do some groun dwork have a good working knowledg e of sth have a vigorous workout keep sth in good working order work around the clock work like a dog work on one's (presentation, telephone, etc) skills
B Attitude adverbials a ma zingly apparently astonishingly (un)believably
have a swee t tooth
clearly conveniently curiously disappointingly disturbingly evid ently (un)fortunately funnily happily indisputably in evitab ly interestingly ironic ally laughably luckily miraculously naturally obviously personally
have sb eat in g out of your hand lose one's appetite quench one's thirst satisfy one's hunger work up an appetite
B Deception Collocations appearances can be deceptive fraudu l ent claims /practices /trading misleading impression/information/ statement deceptively easy/simple/straightforward fraudulently obtain/use misleadingly referred to as/termed/called credit card/electoral/tax fraud
Verbs be fooled/deceived/tricked by sb cheat at sth deceive sb into doing sth fall for (a trick) see through sb's lies/promis es swindle sb out of sth take sb for a ride take sb in tell a lie trick sb into do ing sth trick sb out of sth
borrow pay
heavily ge nerously/
predictably presumably reassuringly regrettably ridiculously rightly sadly sensibly strangely (not) surprisingly understan dably undoubtedly unexpected ly unmistakably (un)wisely worryingly
C Intensifiers acutely aware/conscious/
bitterly
deeply
embarrassed/sens itive cold/ disappointing/ opposed/resentful committed/ concerned/ moving/suspicious desperately disappointed/keen/lonely/
entire ly
fully
hi gh ly
hugely
perfectly
seriously totally
utterly
wholly
borrow pay
worried different/free of charge/ new/wrong aware/booked/clothed/ equipped/justified gifted/influential/ promising/talented expensive/ popular/ successful/talented acceptable/capable/clear/ good/ normal/safe affected/ill/injured different/(in)dependent/ unexpected/unnecessary disgraceful/ex hausted/ opposed/rid ic ulous inadequate/ inappropriate/ unacceptable/ unexpected
an idea/a phrase/a word attention/ a complim ent
Money counterfeit housekeeping pocket pay^ for^ sth
in advance in arrears in cash in full sav e
handsomel y /one's^ respects/^ tribute carefully/hard save effort/energy/time prize ransom re dundancy sponsorship
mone y
buysth
in instalments on expenses
at auction in the sa l es on credit on hire purchase on impulse
spend
invest
extravagan tly/ (^) lend assistance/credibi lity/ freely/wisely support/ weight foolishly/heavily/ (^) owesb an apo logy/an wisely ex plan a tion/a favour
