Exercícios capítulo 2 Atkins, Exercícios de Química

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l é t o names E nie and esc in water; give the formulas STRATEGY Mou ofihe names Or the discussion in the text. e ae can be taken from the tables h ya have names of the form hydro e -conid. Remember that the prefix per- indicates that a halogen is bonded í “8 maximum number of oxygen atoms, as in perchloric acid, HCIO,. CÓPIA bo. SOLUTION (a) HBr isa binar ' a E y acid, and is hydrobromic acid. (b) HyS is penca, and is hydrosulfurie acid. (c) Phosphoric acid, an oxoacid, DATA f / 18 HsPO, (see Table 2 7). (d) Perbromic acid is HBrO, (by analogy with HCO). EXERCISE E2.13 Give (a) the names of HIO and (b) the formula of selenic acid. 4 [Ansuwer: (a) hypoiodous acid; (b) HaSeO,] In this chapter we have taken matter apart as far as chemists need to go and have encountered elemenis, compounds cules, electrons, and nuclei. We have now met thc matter, |t is time to see how to use these blocks to | atoms, jons, mole- blocks of ew materials SUMMARY 2.1 The classification of substances into their funda- mental components is summarized in the chart (a contin- uation of the chart at the end of Chapter 1). Every ele- ment has a name and a chemical symbol, 82.2 The elements are listed in an arrangement called the periodic table. The columns of the table are called groups and the rows are called periods. Some groups have special names, including the alkali metals of Group 1, the alkaline earth metals of Group II, the halogens of Group VII, and the noble gases of Group VIII. The transition metals lie between Groups 11 and III. Ele- ments with similar characteristics are close to each other in the períodic table. All the metals, for instance, lie to the left of the nonmetals, which are found on the upper might; the metalloids lie in a diagonal band between the tals and nonmetals. Scanned by CamScanner