Manual de programação 8055, Manuais, Projetos, Pesquisas de Matérias técnicas

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CNC

·M· & ·EN·

Programming manual

Ref.

Soft: V02.2x

This product uses the following source code, subject to the terms of the GPL license. The applications busybox V0.60.2; dosfstools V2.9; linux-ftpd V0.17; ppp V2.4.0; utelnet V0.1.1. The library grx V2.4.4. The linux kernel V2.4.4. The linux boot ppcboot V1.1.3. If you would like to have a CD copy of this source code sent to you, send 10 Euros to Fagor Automation for shipping and handling.

All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be transmitted, transcribed, stored in a backup device or translated into another language without Fagor Automation’s consent. Unauthorized copying or distributing of this software is prohibited. The information described in this manual may be subject to changes due to technical modifications. Fagor Automation reserves the right to change the contents of this manual without prior notice. All the trade marks appearing in the manual belong to the corresponding owners. The use of these marks by third parties for their own purpose could violate the rights of the owners.

It is possible that CNC can execute more functions than those described in its associated documentation; however, Fagor Automation does not guarantee the validity of those applications. Therefore, except under the express permission from Fagor Automation, any CNC application that is not described in the documentation must be considered as "impossible". In any case, Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any personal injuries or physical damage caused or suffered by the CNC if it is used in any way other than as explained in the related documentation. The content of this manual and its validity for the product described here has been verified. Even so, involuntary errors are possible, hence no absolute match is guaranteed. However, the contents of this document are regularly checked and updated implementing the necessary corrections in a later edition. We appreciate your suggestions for improvement. The examples described in this manual are for learning purposes. Before using them in industrial applications, they must be properly adapted making sure that the safety regulations are fully met.

DUAL-USE PRODUCTS Products manufactured by FAGOR AUTOMATION since April 1st 2014 will include "-MDU" in their identification if they are included on the list of dual-use products according to regulation UE 428/2009 and require an export license depending on destination.

CNC 8055i

CNC 8055i

CNC 8055i

S OFT : V02.2 X

• CNC
• About the product I N D E X
• Declaration of conformity and Warranty conditions
• Version history
• Safety conditions
• Returning conditions
• Additional notes
• Fagor documentation..................................................................................................................
• 1.1 Part programs CHAPTER 1 GENERAL CONCEPTS
• 1.1.1 Considerations regarding the Ethernet connection
• 1.2 DNC connection.............................................................................................................
• 1.3 Communication protocol via DNC or peripheral device
• 2.1 Program structure at the CNC CHAPTER 2 CREATING A PROGRAM
• 2.1.1 Block header
• 2.1.2 Program block
• 2.1.3 End of block
• 2.2 Local subroutines within a program
• 3.1 Axis nomenclature CHAPTER 3 AXES AND COORDINATE SYSTEMS
• 3.1.1 Axis selection
• 3.2 Plane selection (G16, G17, G18, G19)
• 3.3 Part dimensioning. Millimeters (G71) or inches (G70)
• 3.4 Absolute/incremental programming (G90, G91)
• 3.5 Coordinate programming
• 3.5.1 Cartesian coordinates
• 3.5.2 Polar coordinates
• 3.5.3 Cylindrical coordinates
• 3.5.4 Angle and Cartesian coordinate.................................................................................
• 3.6 Rotary axes....................................................................................................................
• 3.7 Work zones
• 3.7.1 Definition of the work zones
• 3.7.2 Using the work zones.................................................................................................
• 4.1 Reference points............................................................................................................ CHAPTER 4 REFERENCE SYSTEMS
• 4.2 Machine reference (Home) search (G74)
• 4.3 Programming with respect to machine zero (G53)
• 4.4 Coordinate preset and zero offsets................................................................................
• 4.4.1 Coordinate preset and S value limitation (G92)
• 4.4.2 Zero offsets (G54..G59 and G159)
• 4.5 Polar origin preset (G93)................................................................................................
• 5.1 Preparatory functions..................................................................................................... CHAPTER 5 ISO CODE PROGRAMMING
• 5.2 Feedrate F
• 5.2.1 Feedrate in mm/min or inches/min (G94)...................................................................
• 5.2.2 Feedrate in mm/rev.or inches/rev (G95)
• 5.2.3 Constant surface speed (G96)
• 5.2.4 Constant tool center speed (G97)
• 5.3 Spindle turning speed (S)
• 5.4 Spindle selection (G28, G29).........................................................................................
• 5.5 Synchronized spindles (G30, G77S, G78S)
• 5.6 Tool number (T) and tool offset (D)................................................................................
• CNC Prog ramm in g man u al
  • 5.7 Auxiliary function (M) S OFT : V02.2 X
  • 5.7.1 M00. Program stop
  • 5.7.2 M01. Conditional program stop..................................................................................
  • 5.7.3 M02. End of program
  • 5.7.4 M30. End of program with return to the first block
  • 5.7.5 M03, M4, M5. Spindle start and stop
  • 5.7.6 M06. Tool change code
  • 5.7.7 M19. Spindle orientation
  • 5.7.8 M41, M42, M43, M44. Spindle gear change
  • 5.7.9 M45. Auxiliary spindle / Live tool................................................................................
  • 6.1 Rapid traverse (G00) CHAPTER 6 PATH CONTROL
  • 6.2 Linear interpolation (G01)
  • 6.3 Circular interpolation (G02, G03)
  • 6.4 Circular interpolation with absolute arc center coordinates (G06)
  • 6.5 Arc tangent to previous path (G08)................................................................................
  • 6.6 Arc defined by three points (G09)..................................................................................
  • 6.7 Helical interpolation
  • 6.8 Tangential entry at the beginning of a machining operation (G37)
  • 6.9 Tangential exit at the end of a machining operator (G38)
  • 6.10 Automatic radius blend (G36)
  • 6.11 Chamfer (G39)
  • 6.12 Threading (G33)
  • 6.13 Variable pitch threads (G34)
  • 6.14 Move to hardstop (G52)
  • 6.15 Feedrate "F" as an inverted function of time (G32)......................................................
  • 6.16 Tangential control (G45)
  • 6.16.1 Considerations about the G45 function....................................................................
  • 6.17 G145. Temporary cancellation of tangential control
  • 7.1 Interruption of block preparation (G04) CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS
  • 7.1.1 G04 K0: Block preparation interruption and coordinate update
  • 7.2 Dwell (G04 K)
  • 7.3 Working with square (G07) and round (G05,G50) corners
  • 7.3.1 G07 (square corner).................................................................................................
  • 7.3.2 G05 (round corner)
  • 7.3.3 Controlled round corner (G50)
  • 7.4 Look-ahead (G51)........................................................................................................
  • 7.4.1 Advanced look-ahead algorithm (integrating Fagor filters)
  • 7.4.2 Look-ahead operation with Fagor filters active
  • 7.5 Mirror image (G10, G11. G12, G13, G14)
  • 7.6 Scaling factor (G72).....................................................................................................
  • 7.6.1 Scaling factor applied to all axes.
  • 7.6.2 Scaling factor applied to one or more axes..............................................................
  • 7.7 Pattern rotation (G73)
  • 7.8 Electronic axis coupling/uncoupling.............................................................................
  • 7.8.1 Electronic axis coupling, slaving, (G77)
  • 7.8.2 Cancellation of the electronic axis coupling, slaving, (G78).....................................
  • 7.9 Axes toggle G28-G29
  • 8.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42) CHAPTER 8 TOOL COMPENSATION
  • 8.1.1 Beginning of tool radius compensation
  • 8.1.2 Sections of tool radius compensation
  • 8.1.3 Cancellation of tool radius compensation
  • 8.1.4 Change of type of radius compensation while machining
  • 8.2 Tool length compensation (G43, G44, G15)
  • 8.3 Collision detection (G41 N, G42 N)
  • 9.1 Canned cycle definition................................................................................................ CHAPTER 9 CANNED CYCLES
  • 9.2 Influence zone of a canned cycle
  • 9.2.1 G79. Modification of the canned cycle parameters
  • 9.3 Canned cycle cancellation
  • 9.4 Some general points to consider
  • 9.5 Machining canned cycles.............................................................................................
  • 9.6 G69. Drilling canned cycle with variable peck
  • 9.6.1 Basic operation
  • CNC Pro gramm i ng man u al
• 9.7 G81. Drilling canned cycle S OFT : V02.2 X
• 9.7.1 Basic operation
• 9.8 G82. Drilling canned cycle with dwell...........................................................................
• 9.8.1 Basic operation
• 9.9 G83. Deep-hole drilling canned cycle with constant peck............................................
• 9.9.1 Basic operation
• 9.10 G84. Tapping canned cycle
• 9.10.1 Basic operation
• 9.11 G85. Reaming canned cycle........................................................................................
• 9.11.1 Basic operation
• 9.12 G86. Boring cycle with withdrawal in G00....................................................................
• 9.12.1 Basic operation
• 9.13 G87. Rectangular pocket canned cycle.
• 9.13.1 Basic operation
• 9.14 G88. Circular pocket canned cycle
• 9.14.1 Basic operation
• 9.15 G89. Boring cycle with withdrawal at work feedrate (G01)
• 9.15.1 Basic operation
• 9.16 G210. Bore milling canned cycle
• 9.16.1 Basic operation
• 9.17 G211. Inside thread milling cycle
• 9.17.1 Basic operation
• 9.18 G212. Outside thread milling cycle
• 9.18.1 Basic operation
• 10.1 G60: Multiple machining in a straight line CHAPTER 10 MULTIPLE MACHINING
• 10.1.1 Basic operation
• 10.2 G61: Multiple machining in rectangular pattern
• 10.2.1 Basic operation
• 10.3 G62: Multiple machining in grid pattern
• 10.3.1 Basic operation
• 10.4 G63: Multiple machining in a circular pattern...............................................................
• 10.4.1 Basic operation
• 10.5 G64: Multiple machining in an arc................................................................................
• 10.5.1 Basic operation
• 10.6 G65: Machining programmed with an arc-chord..........................................................
• 10.6.1 Basic operation
• 11.1 2D pockets CHAPTER 11 IRREGULAR POCKET CANNED CYCLE
• 11.1.1 Drilling operation
• 11.1.2 Roughing operation..................................................................................................
• 11.1.3 Finishing operation...................................................................................................
• 11.1.4 Profile programming syntax
• 11.1.5 Profile intersection....................................................................................................
• 11.1.6 Profile programming syntax
• 11.1.7 Errors
• 11.1.8 Programming examples
• 11.2 3D pockets
• 11.2.1 Roughing operation..................................................................................................
• 11.2.2 Semi-finishing operation...........................................................................................
• 11.2.3 Finishing operation...................................................................................................
• 11.2.4 Geometry of the contours or profiles........................................................................
• 11.2.5 Profile programming syntax
• 11.2.6 Composite 3D profiles..............................................................................................
• 11.2.7 Profile stacking.........................................................................................................
• 11.2.8 Profile programming syntax
• 11.2.9 Programming examples
• 11.2.10 Errors
• 12.1 Probing (G75, G76)...................................................................................................... CHAPTER 12 PROBING
• 12.2 Probing canned cycles.................................................................................................
• 12.3 PROBE 1. Tool length calibrating canned cycle
• 12.3.1 Calibrate the length or measure the length wear of a tool.
• 12.3.2 Calibrate the radius or measure the radius wear of a tool
• 12.3.3 Measure or calibrate the tool radius wear and tool length wear...............................
• 12.4 PROBE 2. Probe calibration canned cycle.
• 12.4.1 Basic operation
• CNC Prog ramm in g man u al
  • 12.5 PROBE 3. Surface measuring canned cycle S OFT : V02.2 X
  • 12.5.1 Basic operation
  • 12.6 PROBE 4. Outside corner measuring canned cycle
  • 12.6.1 Basic operation
  • 12.7 PROBE 5. Inside corner measuring canned cycle.......................................................
  • 12.7.1 Basic operation
  • 12.8 PROBE 6. Angle measuring canned cycle
  • 12.8.1 Basic operation
  • 12.9 PROBE 7. Corner and angle measuring canned cycle................................................
  • 12.9.1 Basic operation (measuring an outside corner)
  • 12.9.2 Basic operation (measuring an inside corner)
  • 12.10 PROBE 8. Hole measuring cycle.................................................................................
  • 12.10.1 Basic operation
  • 12.11 PROBE 9. Boss measuring cycle
  • 12.11.1 Basic operation
  • 12.12 PROBE 10. Rectangular part centering canned cycle
  • 12.12.1 Basic operation
  • 12.13 PROBE 11. Circular part centering canned cycle........................................................
  • 12.13.1 Basic operation
  • 12.14 PROBE 12. Tabletop probe calibration........................................................................
  • 13.1 Lexical description CHAPTER 13 HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING
  • 13.2 Variables......................................................................................................................
  • 13.2.1 General purpose parameters or variables
  • 13.2.2 Variables associated with tools................................................................................
  • 13.2.3 Variables associated with zero offsets.
  • 13.2.4 Variables associated with function G49
  • 13.2.5 Variables associated with machine parameters.......................................................
  • 13.2.6 Variables associated with work zones
  • 13.2.7 Variables associated with feedrates
  • 13.2.8 Variables associated with coordinates.....................................................................
  • 13.2.9 Variables associated with electronic handwheels
  • 13.2.10 Variables associated with feedback.........................................................................
  • 13.2.11 Variables associated with the main spindle
  • 13.2.12 Variables associated with the second spindle
  • 13.2.13 Variables associated with the live tool
  • 13.2.14 PLC related variables...............................................................................................
  • 13.2.15 Variables associated with local parameters.............................................................
  • 13.2.16 Sercos variables
  • 13.2.17 Software & hardware configuration variables
  • 13.2.18 Variables associated with telediagnosis
  • 13.2.19 Operating-mode related variables............................................................................
  • 13.2.20 Other variables.........................................................................................................
  • 13.3 CONSTANTS...............................................................................................................
  • 13.4 Operators.....................................................................................................................
  • 13.5 Expressions
  • 13.5.1 Arithmetic expressions.............................................................................................
  • 13.5.2 Relational expressions.............................................................................................
  • 14.1 Assignment instructions............................................................................................... CHAPTER 14 PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS
  • 14.2 Display instructions......................................................................................................
  • 14.3 Enable-disable instructions..........................................................................................
  • 14.4 Flow control instructions
  • 14.5 Subroutine instructions
  • 14.5.1 Calls to subroutines using G functions.....................................................................
  • 14.6 Probe related instructions
  • 14.7 Interruption-subroutine instructions
  • 14.8 Program instructions....................................................................................................
  • 14.9 Kinematics related instructions
  • 14.10 Screen customizing instructions
  • CNC Pro gramm i ng man u al
• 15.1 Movement in an inclined plane CHAPTER 15 COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION
• 15.1.1 Definition of the inclined plane (G49)
• 15.1.2 G49 in swinging spindles
• 15.1.3 G49 on Huron type spindles.....................................................................................
• 15.1.4 Considerations about the G49 function....................................................................
• 15.1.5 Variables associated with function G49
• 15.1.6 Parameters associated with function G49................................................................
• 15.1.7 Programming example
• 15.2 Movement according to the tool coordinate system (G47)
• 15.3 TCP Transformation (G48)
• 15.3.1 Considerations about the G48 function....................................................................
• 16.1 Turning angular transformation on and off................................................................... CHAPTER 16 ANGULAR TRANSFORMATION OF AN INCLINE AXIS
• 16.2 Freezing the angular transformation
• A ISO code programming................................................................................................ APPENDIX
• B Program control instructions
• C Summary of internal CNC variables.............................................................................
• D Key code
• E Programming assistance screens of the system.
• F Maintenance

Prog ramm in g man u al

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

S OFT : V02.2 X

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

About the product

SOFTWARE OPTIONS OF THE 8055 AND 8055I CNCS.

Model

GP M MC MCO EN T TC TCO

Number of axes with standard software 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 2

Number of axes with optional software 7 7 7 7 ----- 4 or 7 4 or 7 4 or 7

Electronic threading ----- Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand.

Tool magazine management: ----- Stand. Stand. Stand. ----- Stand. Stand. Stand.

Machining canned cycles ----- Stand. Stand. ----- Stand. Stand. Stand. -----

Multiple machining ----- Stand. Stand. ----- Stand. ----- ----- -----

Solid graphics ----- Stand. Stand. Stand. ----- Stand. Stand. Stand.

Rigid tapping ----- Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand.

Tool life monitoring ----- Opt. Opt. Opt. Stand. Opt. Opt. Opt.

Probing canned cycles ----- Opt. Opt. Opt. Stand. Opt. Opt. Opt.

DNC Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand.

COCOM version Opt. Opt. Opt. Opt. ----- Opt. Opt. Opt.

Profile editor Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. ----- Stand. Stand. Stand.

Tool radius compensation Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand.

Tangential control Opt. Opt. Opt. Opt. ----- Opt. Opt. Opt.

Retracing ----- Opt. Opt. Opt. Stand. Opt. Opt. Opt.

Setup assistance Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand. Stand.

Irregular pockets with islands ----- Stand. Stand. Stand. ----- ----- ----- -----

TCP transformation ----- Opt. Opt. Opt. ----- ----- ----- -----

C axis (on Lathe) ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Opt. Opt. Opt.

Y axis (on Lathe) ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Opt. Opt. Opt.

Telediagnosis Opt. Opt. Opt. Opt. Stand. Opt. Opt. Opt.

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY AND

WARRANTY CONDITIONS

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

The declaration of conformity for the CNC is available in the downloads section of FAGOR’S corporate

website at http://www.fagorautomation.com. (Type of file: Declaration of conformity).

WARRANTY TERMS

The warranty conditions for the CNC are available in the downloads section of FAGOR’s corporate website

at http://www.fagorautomation.com. (Type of file: General sales-warranty conditions).

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

VERSION HISTORY

Here is a list of the features added in each software version and the manuals that describe them.

The version history uses the following abbreviations:

INST Installation manual

PRG Programming manual

OPT Operating manual

OPT-MC Operating manual for the MC option.

OPT-TC Operating manual for the TC option.

OPT-CO Manual of the CO manual

Software V01.00 October 2010

First version.

Software V01.20 April 2011

Software V01.08 August 2011

Software V01.30 September 2011

List of features Manual Open communication. INST Improvements to Look Ahead machining. INST Blocks with helical interpolation in G51. PRG G84. Tapping with relief. PRG

List of features Manual Spindle parameter OPLDECTI (P86). INST

List of features Manual Gear ratio management on Sercos spindles INST Improved feedrate limit management (FLIMIT). INST New type of penetration in lathe type threading cycles. PRG Improved lathe type thread repair. Partial repair. PRG MC option: Rigid tapping with relief. OPT-MC TC option: New type of penetration in threading cycles. OPT-TC TC option: Improved thread repair. Partial and multi-entry (start) thread repair. OPT-TC TC option: Zig-zag entry to the groove at the starting point of the groove. OPT-TC

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

Version history

Software V01.31 October 2011

Software V01.40 January 2012

Software V01.60 December 2013

Software V01.65 January 2015

Software V02.00 February 2014

List of features Manual CNC 8055 FL Engraving model INST / OPT/ PRG

List of features Manual Execution of M3, M4 and M5 using PLC marks INST / PRG Values 12 and 43 of variable OPMODE in conversational work mode. INST / PRG

List of features Manual Auto-adjustment of axis machine parameter DERGAIN. INST New value for axis machine parameter ACFGAIN (P46). INST Value 120 of the OPMODE variable. INST / PRG

List of features Manual Block processing time of 1 ms on the "CNC 8055i FL Engraving" model. INST / OPT/ PRG

List of features Manual Profile machining in segments. J parameter for G66 and G68 cycles. PRG Calls to subroutines using G functions. INST / PRG Anticipated tool management. INST Managing "PNG" and "JPG" graphic elements. INST New values for parameters MAXGEAR1..4 (P2..5), SLIMIT (P66) and MAXSPEED (P0). INST Retracing function of 2000 blocks. INST Quick block search. OPT Local subroutines within a program. PRG Avoid spindle stop with M30 or RESET. Spindle parameter SPDLSTOP (P87). INST Programming T and M06 with associated with a subroutine in the same line. PRG New values of the OPMODE variable. INST / PRG New variables: DISABMOD, GGSN, GGSO, GGSP, GGSQ, CYCCHORDERR. INST / PRG Possibility to set the parameters of SERCOS nodes in a non-sequential order. INST WRITE instruction: “$” character followed by “P”. PRG Cancel additive handwheel offset with G04 K0. General parameter ADIMPG (P176). INST / PRG Ethernet parameter NFSPROTO (P32). TCP or UDP protocol selection. INST Face thread repair cycle. OPT TC Penetration increment (step) in thread repair. INST / OPT TC API compliant thread. OPT TC Roughing by segments in inside profiling cycles 1 and 2. INST / OPT TC Programming the Z increment and the angle on threads. INST / OPT TC Reversal of the starting and final point of the face thread repair. INST / OPT TC Manual tool calibration without stopping the spindle during each step. INST / OPT TC

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

Version history

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

SAFETY CONDITIONS

Read the following safety measures in order to prevent harming people or damage to this product and those

products connected to it.

The unit can only be repaired by personnel authorized by Fagor Automation.

Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible of any physical or material damage originated from not

complying with these basic safety rules.

PRECAUTIONS AGAINST PERSONAL HARM

• Interconnection of modules.

Use the connection cables provided with the unit.

• Use proper Mains AC power cables

To avoid risks, use only the Mains AC cables recommended for this unit.

• Avoid electric shocks.

In order to avoid electrical discharges and fire hazards, do not apply electrical voltage outside the range

selected on the rear panel of the central unit.

• Ground connection.

In order to avoid electrical discharges, connect the ground terminals of all the modules to the main

ground terminal. Before connecting the inputs and outputs of this unit, make sure that all the grounding

connections are properly made.

• Before powering the unit up, make sure that it is connected to ground.

In order to avoid electrical discharges, make sure that all the grounding connections are properly made.

• Do not work in humid environments.

In order to avoid electrical discharges, always work under 90% of relative humidity (non-condensing)

and 45 ºC (113º F).

• Do not operate this unit in explosive environments.

In order to avoid risks, harm or damages, do not work in explosive environments.

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

Safety conditions

PROTECTIONS OF THE UNIT ITSELF (8055)

• "Axes" and "Inputs-Outputs" modules.

All the digital inputs and outputs have galvanic isolation via optocouplers between the CNC circuitry

and the outside.

They are protected by an external fast fuse (F) of 3.15 A 250V against overvoltage of the external power

supply (over 33 Vdc) and against reverse connection of the power supply.

• Monitor.

The type of protection fuse depends on the type of monitor. See identification label of the unit itself.

PROTECTIONS OF THE UNIT ITSELF (8055I)

• Central unit.

It has a 4 A 250V external fast fuse (F).

• Inputs-Outputs.

All the digital inputs and outputs have galvanic isolation via optocouplers between the CNC circuitry

and the outside.

OUT IN

X

X

X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

+24V 0V

FUSIBLEFUSES

CNC 8055

CNC 8055i

Safety conditions

PRECAUTIONS DURING REPAIRS

SAFETY SYMBOLS

• Symbols that may appear in the manual.

Do not manipulate the inside of the unit. Only personnel authorized by Fagor Automation may access the interior of this unit. Do not handle the connectors with the unit connected to AC power. Before manipulating the connectors (inputs/outputs, feedback, etc.) make sure that the unit is not connected to AC power.

Symbol for danger or prohibition. It indicates actions or operations that may cause damage to people or to units.

Warning or caution symbol. It indicates situations that could be caused by certain operations and the actions to take to prevent them.

Mandatory symbol. It indicates actions or operations that MUST be carried out.

Information symbol. i It indicates notes, warnings and advises.