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Abnormal psych midterm
In the early asylums, treatment for mental illness began with the intention to provide - good care Which "new diagnosis" would a person experiencing overwhelming concern about computer crashes, as well as computer hoaxes and scams, Most likely receive? - cyber fear Which aspect of the definition of abnormality includes the inability to care for oneself and work productively? - dysfunction According to Thomas Szasz's views, the deviations that some call mental illness are really: - problems in living If a university had a first year program designed to ease the transition from high school to college and have to decrease the dropout rates, that program would have elements most similar to: - mental health prevention programs Bob experiences unshakable sadness. His friends have stopped trying to cheer him up because nothing works. An ancient Greek Physician would have labeled his condition: - melancholia Suicide prevention, substance abuse treatment, and eating disorder clinics are MOST similar to which kind of market? - Sweet cupcakes, a store that specializes in only one type of food Which statement LEAST supports the somatogenic view of abnormal behavior? - Hypnotism has helped people give up smoking An otherwise "normal" person under the influence of hypnotic suggestion is made to bark, sit, and fetch like a dog. The occurrence of these "abnormal" behaviors lends support to which explanation for abnormality? - psychogenic which statement is the MOST accurate conclusion about the current state of abnormal psychology in the United States? - There is no single definition of abnormality, no one theoretical understanding of the causes of mental illness, and no single best treatment Which feature is NOT common in managed care programs? - patient choice in number of therapy sessions Syphillis is to the somatic approach as ______ is to the psychogenic approach - hypnotism
A person who is hard at work trying to discover which combination of environmental and genetic factors produces schizophrenia is MOST likely a: - clinical researcher Efforts to address the needs of children who are at risk for developing mental disorders (babies of teenage mothers, children of those with severe mental disorders) are categorized as: - preventive One who studies the history of the field of abnormal psychology MOST likely would compare our current understanding of abnormal behavior to a book that : - is in the process of being written Eugenics had as its goal sterilization of people with mental disorders, a policy based on the idea that mentally ill people: - should not be allowed to pass on their defective genes Those most often in charge of treating abnormality in the middle ages in europe were the: - clergy For those who hold the somatogenic view of mental illness, the best treatment setting for those with mental disorders would be a: - hospital which component is NOT noted by clinical theorist Jerome frank as essential to all forms of therapy? - third party payer Hippocrates thought that abnormal behavior resulted from an imbalance in the four humors, one of which was: - phlegm A general understanding of the underlying nature, causes and treatments of abnormal behavior is called: - nomothetic One hundred psychiatric patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received a new drug in pill form. The other group was given identical-looking placebo pills. A panel of psychiatrists, who did not know which pill each participant received, evaluated all participants for level of agitation. What is the control group? - The ones who got the placebo Which is the BEST example of baseline data in a single-subject design? - the level of behavior before treatment begins a researcher trying to eliminate the Rosenthal effect would be sure to - use a blind design The incidence of HIV+ results on campus tells you - the number of new HIV+ cases measured in a time period.
random assignment "Isn't the ABAB design pretty much a case study?" asks a student. The BEST answer would be: - "They're similar, but the ABAB design has greater internal validity." One hundred psychiatric patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received a new drug in pill form. The other group was given identical-looking placebo pills. A panel of psychiatrists, who did not know which pill each participant received, evaluated all participants for level of agitation. What is the control group? - by having researchers who don't know who got which pill Which would be MOST likely to use skillful frustration as a part of therapy? - Fritz perls The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: - object relations theory if you close your eyes and imagine biting into a big, sour lemon, you are likely to salivate. the salivation to this imagery is an example of: - conditioned response The proper conclusion from research studies that show a relationship between devout religious people who see God as warm and caring and psychological health is that: - people who are more devout are also psychologically healthier Research on the relationship religious beliefs and psychological health shows that people: - who are devout and see God as a caring and helpful are the healthiest "When i was young, I met a large dog. I wasn't afraid of the dog, but as I tried to pet it, the dog snarled and jumped at me. I have been afraid of dogs ever since." A therapist who assumes that this sentence describes a phobia acquired from classical conditioning MOST likely favors which model of abnormality? - behavioral Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called: - synapses If a patient chose a dynamic focus for therapy, the patient would MOST likely be receiving: - short term psychodynamic therapy The view that religious views are defense mechanisms created by people to make life tolerable is Most characteristics of: - classic Freudian psychotherapy According to Freud's psychodynamic therory, ineffective interaction of the id, ego, and superego can lead to entrapment at a developmental level. This is called: - fixation The role of the unified personality is a central theme of: -
self theory one who takes an evolutionary perspective with respect to abnormal behavior would be most likely to agree that - at one time what is now often seen as abnormal helped us survive Which one of the following forms of therapy would you NOT currently expect to find in cybertherapy? - use of tweet therapy According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is true about dreams? - They reflect out unconscious desires and needs Providing treatment as soon as it is needed, so problems that are moderate or worse do not become long-term, is called: - tertiary prevention Critics of the evolutionary perspective of abnormal behavior cite all of the following EXCEPT: - The perspective is overly precise abnormal chemical activity in the body's endocrine system relates to the release of: - hormones According to psychoanalysis, which statement is true of psychological conflicts? - They are tied to experiences early in life. The part of the personality that guides us to know when we can and cannot express out impulses is the : - ego According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, at birth the child is in the: - oral stage There has been a recent increase in attention to and research in assessment. That said, use of effective assessment tools may be decreasing because: - They are expensive to administer and evaluate Many consider the MMPI-2 to be superior to the original MMPI because the MMPI-2: - was tested on a more diverse group of people Which is NOT a procedure that DSM-5 developers relied on to improve reliability? - reducing substantially the number of different diagnostic categories The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (presently DSM-5 ) was developed by: - the American Psychiatric Association
style Studies show that errors in diagnosis MOST commonly involve information gathered: - early in the assessment process and in a hospital setting. which action would a clinician who is using naturalistic observation be MOST likely to take?
- observe parent-child interactions in the family's home Compared to projective tests, personality inventories: - have higher validity The Wyatt v. Stickney decision forced state hospitals to provide: - adequate treatment If a psychologist wanted to write a newspaper column on mental health issues in the community, what would that psychologist need to do to comply with professional ethical standards? - The psychologist would beed to make sure the advice was based on sound research Currently in the United States, patients who are criminally committed to a mental hospital can be released: - when they are no longer considered if you were having marital problems that were affecting your work and your employer made mental health service available to you to deal with those problems, your employer would be providing you with - an employee assistance program Which person is MOST likely to be acquitted by reason of insanity? - a white American with schizophrenia The preference insurance companies show for short-term mental health services, by default, favors: - drug treatment over talk therapies What can a person who is found to be guilty but also mentally ill expect? - a prison term with the recommendation for treatment a therapist who broke confidentiality with a patient without the patient's consent because of fears that the person would harm someone else was acting according to the ethical principle of - duty to protect One difficulty with the mentally disordered sex offender classification is that: - racial bias appears to affect who is given this classification A therapist who is worried that her clients will receive short-term care rather than more promising long-term treatment, and that confidential treatment reports will be read by others, is concerned about: -
managed care programs a person who had a serious mental illness and was in need of treatment could, nevertheless, not be civilly committed unless that person was also - a dangeer either to himself or herself, or to others Which opinion about participants in social networking sites is BEST supported by available research? - Participants are likely to have increased levels of social support and close relationships The aspect of state responsibility that promotes and protects the interests of individuals from dangerous people is called: - police power According to studies regarding psychological disorders and prisoners, which is an accurate statement? - Psychological disorders are ore common in prison populations than in the general population Which is NOT a typical concern that psychologists have regarding cybertherapy? - There is a lack of demand for the therapies currently available Which statement accurately reflects current trends in civil commitment? - During the 1960s and 1970s, involuntary commitment regulations and standards were made stricter. The fact that lawyers can often find "experts" who convincingly argue both sides of a question suggests that: - scientific knowledge about abnormal behavior is incomplete and uncertain The MOST common diagnosis of those found not guilty by reason of insanity is: - schizophrenia Which case caused the uproar and outrage that led to a return to the M'Naghten rule in determining insanity? - John Hinckley's attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan The current trend in legislation and treatment regarding people who commit sex crimes and are also mentally ill is to: - require both punishment for the crime and treatment According to "intolerance of uncertainty theory," those with generalized anxiety disorder are:
- likely to have difficulty tolerating the knowledge that a negative event may occur. Cognitive theorists have found that people who develop obsessive- compulsive disorder also:
- believe their thoughts are capable of causing hard to themselves or others. Which is the BEST example of a broad social anxiety? -
When Marianela was a young child and watching TV with her mother, a mouse ran by. Her mother screamed, scaring her. Subsequently, she has been afraid of mice. In this example, her mother's scream is the: - conditioned stimulus What type of drug is alprazolam (xanax)? - benzodiapine A person who is restless, keyed up, and on edge for no apparent reason is experiencing: - free-floating anxiety One of the drawbacks of exposure and response prevention as a therapy is that it: - is less effective with clients with obsessions but no compulsions. Maura believes that it is a dire necessity for her to be loved or approved by everyone and that it is catastrophic if things are not the way she wants them. She is displaying basic: - irrational assumptions If I suffer from depersonalization disorder, but the symptoms disappear after a while, they most likely will reappear if I: - survive a bad car accident Salina was terrified during the San Francisco earthquake of 1989 (who wouldn't be!). For a couple of weeks after, she did not sleep well or feel comfortable inside a building. However, the fears gradually diminished, disappearing within a month. Her reaction to the earthquake would MOST likely be diagnosed as a(n): - acute stress disorder After a major earthquake, television coverage showed survivors shuffling confusedly through the ruined buildings. If such victims later could not remember the days immediately after the earthquake, the victims would be suffering from what type of amnesia? - localize Several studies have demonstrated that Hispanic American combat veterans and police officers have higher rates of PTSD than other veterans or officers. Research into the cause of this difference have MOST often focused on possible: - cultural belief system and social support factors Raymond has dissociative identity disorder. All of his subpersonalities talk about and tattle on each other. This is called a: - mutually cognizant pattern The usual goal of therapy is for dissociative identity disorders is to - merge the subpersonalities into a single identity posttraumatic stress disorders: - last longer than a month According to DSM-5 the most common diagnosis for those recieving outpatient therapy for experiencing stress is -
adjustment disorder A client who is talking calmly and rationally all of a sudden begins whining and complaining like a spoiled child. If that client suffers from true dissociative identity disorder, the client just experienced: - switching Which does NOT characterize stress disorders - a compulsive need to engage in activities that remind one of the event If a deer jumps in front of your car while you are driving, which part of the stress response is active? - sympathetic nervous system I am generally a calm, relaxed person. If you are generally a tense, excitable person, we differ in: - trait anxiety After Marie's plane crashed, her mother came to stay with her. Her friends visited often, and went to lunch and dinner with her occasionally. This situation, which probably contributed to Marie's coping ability after the accident. How does this relate as a factor in her response to the stress. - social support Shawn experiences a mugging and robbery in which his dog is kidnapped. Eventually the dog is found and returned. However, he is unable to recall events immediately following the attack, up until the safe return of the dog. This is a classic example of: - localized amnesia If the state-dependent learning explanation of dissociative disorders is correct, a person may not remember stressful events because he or she is: - at a different arousal level after the stress is over Modern studies suggest that the average number of subpersonalities in cases of dissociative identity disorder in women is about: - 15 and is lower for men A pattern of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and flashbacks that begins shortly after a horrible event and persists for less than a month is called: - acute stress disorder A friend says to you, "I know someone who is a combat veteran who was just diagnosed with PTSD. Do you think therapy will help this person?" Which of the following is the BEST answer you can give based on current research? - "Probably- about two-thirds of those receiving therapy for PTSD eventually show improvement. Ever since the auto accident during which she was miraculously unhurt, Pat has not been the same. She forgets appointments, friends' names, and even things done in the last few days. Pats amnesia is termed: -
