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Control Design-Process Control-Lecture Slides, Slides of Process Control

Bharat Ratna Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Process Control

This lecture was delivered by Dr. Sakal Japendu for Process Control course at Ambedkar University, Delhi. It includes: Control, Design, Desired, Performance, Modify, Process, Instrumentation, Sensor, Monitoring, Operability

Typology: Slides

2011/2012

Uploaded on 07/17/2012

saswata 🇮🇳

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CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

When I complete this chapter, I want to be

able to do the following.

•Define the control problem

•Evaluate if desired performance is

possible; if not, modify process

•Select instrumentation

•Design loop pairing for control

•Provide sensors for process monitoring

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Discover Slides of Process Control Bharat Ratna Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University

Partial preview of the text

Download Control Design-Process Control-Lecture Slides and more Slides Process Control in PDF only on Docsity!

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

When I complete this chapter, I want to be

able to do the following.

Define the control problem

Evaluate if desired performance ispossible; if not, modify process

Select instrumentation

Design loop pairing for control

Provide sensors for process monitoring

Outline of the lesson.

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

THE CONTROL DESIGN PROCEDURE

Define the control problem (challenge)

Evaluate/achieve operability- Degrees of freedom- Controllability- Operating Window

Process dynamics for good performance

Loop pairing

Control for safety

Monitoring and diagnosis

Design is a goal-oriented task. We must determinethe goals before we start to design.This is consistent withthe problem solving methodsused widely in engineering education. •

Woods, Donald,

Problem Based Learning: How to Gain the Most from

PBL

, Griffin Printing, Hamilton, Ontario, 1994.

Fogler, H. Scott and Steve LeBlanc,

Strategies for Creative Problem

Solving

, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, 1995.

We will use the Control Design Form to summarize the problem

definition.

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Control Design FormObjectivesMeasurementsManipulated variablesConstraintsDisturbancesDynamic responsesAdditionalconsiderations

Safety2. Environmental

protection

Equipment protection4. Smooth operation5. Product quality6. Profit7. Monitoring and

diagnosis

WORKSHOP: Define at least one foreach category. But, do not design thecontrols (yet)!

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Control Design FormObjectivesMeasurementsManipulated variablesConstraintsDisturbancesDynamic responsesAdditionalconsiderations

Sensors to achieve

objectives

Feasibility

Accuracy

Reproducibility

Dynamics

Reliability

Cost

WORKSHOP: Propose sensors for oneF, T, P, L measurement.

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Sensors

Feasibility

Accuracy

Reproducibility

Dynamics

Reliability

Cost

WORKSHOP: Propose sensors for oneF, T, P, L measurement.

X

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

Pressure differential

Orifice plate

Thermocouple

Flexible diaphraghmwith capacitance tomeasure deflection

Typically, the sensor range covers the expectedvalues of the variable (including disturbances), butnot more.An orifice meter would typically read the designvalue at ~ 70% of its maximum range.

Control Design FormObjectivesMeasurementsManipulated variablesConstraintsDisturbancesDynamic responsesAdditionalconsiderations

FINAL ELEMENTS

Capacity

Precision

Range

Characteristic

Failure position

Dynamics

Reliability

Cost

WORKSHOP: •

Define failure position (as best possible,without the remainder of plant design).

Select the body for a valve

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

FINAL ELEMENTS

Capacity

Precision

Range

Characteristic

Failure position

Dynamics

Reliability

Cost

WORKSHOP: •

Define failure position (as best possible,without the remainder of plant design).

Select the body for a valve

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Fail opened torelieve pressurein vessel. (weassume that thedownstream unitcan accept thematerial and notrelease.) Globe valve forclean fluid withmoderate pressureloss acceptable.

The maximum flow should occur near 100%valve opening. Remember to consider alloperating conditions!

CONSTRAINTS

Safety

Operating range ofequipment

Equipment protection- Short term- Long term

Product quality

WORKSHOP: Determine some constraints

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Pressure less thanmaximum for safetyLiquid should not file thevessel and exit through thetop pipe.

Control Design FormObjectivesMeasurementsManipulated variablesConstraintsDisturbancesDynamic responsesAdditionalconsiderations

DISTURBANCES

Variables

Magnitude

Sign

Frequency

WORKSHOP: Determine some likelydisturbances

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Control Design FormObjectivesMeasurementsManipulated variablesConstraintsDisturbancesDynamic responsesAdditionalconsiderations

DYNAMIC MODELS

Fundamentalmodelling

Empiricalidentification

WORKSHOP: How would you use modelsin control design?

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

THE CONTROL DESIGN PROCEDURE

Define the control problem (challenge)

Evaluate/achieve operability- Degrees of freedom- Controllability- Operating Window

Process dynamics for good performance

Loop pairing

Control for safety

Monitoring and diagnosis

DYNAMIC MODELS

Fundamentalmodelling

Empiricalidentification

WORKSHOP: How would you use modelsin control design?

Vaporproduct

Liquidproduct

Processfluid

Steam

F

T

P

L

A

L. Key

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

Determiningcontrollability

Estimatingoperating windows

Pairing loops

Tuning controllers

Models required, do not

design entirely on

qualitative model.

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

PROCESS

Inputs

Outputs

final

element

sensor

final

element

sensor

Manipulatedvariables Disturbancesvariables

Control Design-Process Control-Lecture Slides, Slides of Process Control

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Control Design-Process Control-Lecture Slides and more Slides Process Control in PDF only on Docsity!

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

When I complete this chapter, I want to be

able to do the following.

Outline of the lesson.

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

THE CONTROL DESIGN PROCEDURE

Define the control problem (challenge)

Evaluate/achieve operability- Degrees of freedom- Controllability- Operating Window

Process dynamics for good performance

Loop pairing

Control for safety

Monitoring and diagnosis

Design is a goal-oriented task. We must determinethe goals before we start to design.This is consistent withthe problem solving methodsused widely in engineering education. •

Woods, Donald,

Problem Based Learning: How to Gain the Most from

PBL

, Griffin Printing, Hamilton, Ontario, 1994.

Fogler, H. Scott and Steve LeBlanc,

Strategies for Creative Problem

Solving

, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, 1995.

We will use the Control Design Form to summarize the problem

definition.

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

F

F

F

T

T

T

T

T

P

L

A

T

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

F

F

F

T

T

T

T

T

P

L

A

T

T

CHAPTER 24: CONTROL DESIGN

X

F

F

F

T

T

T

T

T

P

L

A

T

T

Pressure differential

Orifice plate

Thermocouple

Flexible diaphraghmwith capacitance tomeasure deflection

Typically, the sensor range covers the expectedvalues of the variable (including disturbances), butnot more.An orifice meter would typically read the designvalue at ~ 70% of its maximum range.

FINAL ELEMENTS

WORKSHOP: •

F

F