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Department of Electrical Engineering
Faculty Member: Miss Quratulain Dated: 21-1-
Semester: 2nd Section: BESE-10A
Group: Zain Mushtaq
Mohammad Anas (290831)
EE-221: Digital Logic Design
Lab1: Familiarization of Basic Gates and Digital ICs CLO4/PLO4 CLO4/PLO5 CLO6/PLO8 CLO7/PLO Name Reg. No Viva / Quiz / Lab Performa nce Analysis of data in Lab Report Modern Tool Usage Ethics and Safety Individual and Team Work 5 Marks 5 Marks 5 Marks 5 Marks 5 Marks
Getting Started with Circuit Patching
Breadboard: Breadboards are usually used for patching small circuits and prototypes. A typical breadboard would look like this. The internal connections are as shown below: The points in ABCDE (and FGHIJ) grid are vertically connected as indicated by red circle. So all 5 points on are actually the same point. It makes No difference whether you connect a wire on any one of these points. The next vertical strip is a different point and so on. It should be noted that upper and lower grids are horizontally connected indicated below. Each grid consists of 4 such separate horizontal strips:
Procedure:
- Make sure the trainer board is switched off while you are patching the circuit.
- Make a neat schematic diagram clearly mentioning the IC numbers, PIN configurations and connections between different ICs.
- Place the IC(s) such that the Notch is towards the left.
- Provide the ground connection(s) by connecting the GND pin(s) of the IC(s) to O V on your trainer board power supply with the help of jumping wires. Make sure that all the ICs are properly grounded.
- Provide the VDD or operating voltage to each IC by connecting its VDD (or VCC) terminal to +5V on your trainer board power supply.
- Patch the circuit as per the schematic.
- Connect the inputs of your circuit to the logic switches provided on your trainer board. Typically there are 8 such switches provided. The low position of the switch indicates a 0 logic level (0V) and the high position a logic level of 1(+5V).
- Connect the output of your circuit to the logic probe provided on the trainer board.
- Now switch on the trainer board and give the input sequence to your circuit with the help of logic switches. It is a good practice to give the input sequence in ascending order like this: 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111 (Here No. of inputs is 3). This pattern can be adopted for lesser or more No. of inputs.
- Observe the output of your circuit against different inputs and record them in the truth table.
- Compare with theoretical values and debug the circuit if needed.
- Show your work for each lab task to your Lab Instructor.
- Give your observations and conclusion. Lab1: Familiarization of Basic Gates and Digital ICs
This Lab Activity has been designed to familiarize the beginning students with logic gates and IC
chips, using breadboard and testing of gates and logic circuits.
Objectives:
Familiarize the students with ICs, their categories, and different logic families.
Identify ICs on the basis of series number as well as their functional behavior and pin
numbers.
Search data sheets of ICs from different sources and optimally use them in the design of
digital circuits.
Perform functional verification of basic logic gates by listing the truth tables and
establishing IN/OUT relationship.
Carry out best wiring practices in digital design.
Lab Instructions:
This lab activity comprises three parts, namely Pre-lab, Lab tasks, and Post-lab viva
session.
The lab report will be uploaded on LMS three days before scheduled lab date. The
students will get hard copy of lab report, complete the Pre-lab task before coming to the
lab and deposit it with teacher/lab engineer for subsequent evaluation.
Alternately each group to upload completed lab report on LMS for grading.
The students failing to complete Pre-lab will not be allowed to attend lab session.
The students will start lab task and demonstrate design steps separately for stepwise
evaluation (teacher/lab engineer will sign each step after ascertaining functional
verification). Any report submitted without teacher/lab engineer signatures will not be
accepted.
Remember that a neat logic diagram with pins numbered and nicely patched circuit will
simplify trouble-shooting/fault diagnostic process.
After completion of lab, the students are expected to unwire the circuit and deposit back
components to lab staff.
The students will complete lab task within the prescribed time and submit complete
report to lab engineer before leaving the lab.
There will be a viva session after demonstration for which students will be graded
individually.
Pre-Lab Tasks:
- Read the topic Integrated Circuits (2.9) from your course book and answer the following questions: (2 Marks) Digital ICs can be categorized according to the complexity of their circuits usually termed as scale integration. The following are the six major categories. Give their full names and range of gates available in each of them.
Logic (High Speed, High Power) CMOS
- Differentiate b/w Fan in and Fan Out of an IC. ( Mark) Fan Out: maximum number of logic inputs that an output can drive reliably. Fan In: number of inputs available in a gate. IC Pin Numbers: 7400 Quad 2 input Nand gate TOP VIEW Most of the ICs have a Notch (or sometimes a dot) to denote the start of the PIN numbering. Place the IC such that the Notch is on left side, then the lower left PIN is numbered 1 and the numbering continues in the anticlockwise direction. Datasheet: The information about any IC (its number of pins and gates inside it) can be found by simply searching by its name on internet. The document containing information about the IC is called its datasheet. Different manufacturers of these chips have this information on their sites.
- Show the correct pin numbering and connection of gates inside these blank chips with the help of their datasheets. (2 Marks)
- By looking at pin configuration apply input signals from a switch on logic lab. Connect the output to LED for display. The operation of circuit is verified and results to be shown to teacher or Lab Asst. For trouble shooting of circuit use the logic probe provided in the lab.
- Make the truth tables in the space provided below: 7408 AND GATE: Schematic: Truth Table: Input Input Output 1A 1B 1Y High High High High Low Low Low High Low Low Low Low
7404 INVERTER GATE: Schematics:
In the lab you were provided with three ICs.
- Mention the full name of each IC with the help of its datasheet and explain the naming convention (You should be able to get this information from internet). (3 Marks) Example: Quad 2-Input AND Gates SN74 LS08P SN Standard Prefix of TEXAS INSTRUMENT Quad refers to 4 AND gates 74 refers to commercial grade IC LS means Low Power Schottky P Plastic Dual in-Line Package 08 refers to AND gate 1) Quad 2 Input POSITIVE-AND Gate SN74HC08N SN Standard Prefix of TEXAS INSTRUMENT Quad refers to 4 AND gates 74 refers to commercial grade IC HC means High Speed CMOS 08 refers to AND gate 2) TC74HC04AP Hex Inverter TC refers to constant temperature 74 refers to commercial grade IC HC means High Speed CMOS AP means Access Point 4 refers to NOT gate 3) SN74LS32N Quad 2-Input OR Gate
SN Standard Prefix of TEXAS INSTRUMENT Quad refers to 4 AND gates 74 refers to commercial grade IC LS means Low Speed Schottky 32 refers to OR gate
- The ICs in 7400 series are based on which logic family? Ans) TTL (1 Mark)
- The commercial grade IC is denoted by 74 prefix. The military grade IC is denoted by 54. ( (1 Mark)
1) 7408 AND Gate
2) 7432 OR Gate
3) 7404 Inverter (NOT Gate)
