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PSYC 140 MODULE 1 EXAM MASTER REVIEW
SET 2026
โ phallic stage of psychosexual development ends at age: _______ Answer: 6 โ Freud believed that unsuccessful completing of a psychosexual stage would result in a person becoming _______ on an erogenous part of the body Answer: fixated โ according the Freud, the _______ stage occurs from birth to 18 months Answer: oral โ where did Freud get the name "Oedipus" for the Oedipus complex Answer: greek mythology โ which of the following most accurately summarizes Freud's view of the Oedipus complex? A. boys experience competition with their fathers and eventually identify with them, while repressing sexual feelings towards their mothers B. Boys experience competition with their mothers and eventually identify with them, while repressing sexual feelings towards their fathers
C. boys and girls both strongly experience the Oedipus complex Answer: A. Boys experience competition with their fathers and eventually identify with them, while repressing sexual feelings towards their mothers โ Freud would say that a person obsessed with cleanliness may have unsuccessfully completed the ________ psychosexual stage Answer: anal โ For each of the age groups listed below, list the psychosexual stage described by Freud birth to 18 months:______ Answer: oral stage โ For each of the age groups listed below, list the psychosexual stage described by Freud 18 months to 3 years:_______ Answer: anal stage โ For each of the age groups listed below, list the psychosexual stage described by Freud 6 years to puberty:____ Answer: latency stage โ T/F Malnutrition can be a teratogen Answer: true โ T/F maternal stress is not an example of a teratogen Answer: false
โ which research design would best address the following question: what do most people in the US feel about the legalization of marijuana? Answer: survey โ which research design would be address the following question: are age and wisdom related to one another? Answer: correlational study โ T/F the moro reflex typically disappears after 5 months Answer: true โ the _______ reflex can be observed when adult places her finger in an infant's pal, and the infant immediately closes his finger around the adult finger Answer: grasping โ T/F REM sleep makes up roughly half of an infant's sleep cycle Answer: true โ T/F two year olds weight on average about 45 pounds Answer: false โ T/F two year olds weigh on average about 30 pounds Answer: true
โ according to Piaget, ________ are mental activities Answer: operations โ which of the following accurately describes Piaget's views on assimilation and accommodation? A. problem-solving skills must be discovered; they cannot be taught B. problem-solving skills must be taught; they cannot be discovered C. the process of learning is not important; only the end product is important D. none of the above Answer: A. Problem-solving skills must be discovered; they cannot be taught โ which Piagetian substage occurs during the preoperational stage? A. secondary circular reactions B. symbolic function C. metacognition Answer: B. symbolic function โ this researchers underestimated how early children attain object permanence A. piaget B. vygotsky Answer: A. Piaget
โ T/F according to Piaget, children in the concrete operational stage can use logic but still struggle with abstract thought? Answer: true โ T/F most children with ADHD are better able to control problem behaviors when given individual attention Answer: true โ categorize the following symptoms as either a symptom of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity fidgets and squirms in his/her seat Answer: hyperactivity- impulisivity โ who are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD boys or girls? Answer: boys โ what is the recommendation for diagnosing ADHD? A. any pediatrician is qualified to provide a diagnosis B. families should seek a psychiatrist, or pediatrician with expertise in ADHD C. diagnoses can only be made by pediatricians D. none of the above Answer: B. families should seek a psychologist, psychiatrist, or pediatrician with expertise in ADHD
โ T/F parents of children with ADHD can help their kids by encouraging kids to write down homework assignments and use notebook organizers Answer: true โ categorize the following symptoms as either inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity talks nonstop Answer: hyperactivity-impulsivity โ __________ children receive high numbers of negative votes in research studies on peer statuses. Answer: rejected โ T/F neglected children tend to show less negative outcomes than rejected children, according to peer status research Answer: true โ When presented with Kohlberg's Heinz dilemma, Ben says that Heinz should steal the drug because he loves his wife and helping her show his love for her. After all, Heinz probably vowed at his wedding to care for her "in sickness and in health;" he should do as he promised. Ben believes that people should keep their promises. at what level would Kohlberg most likely categorize this response, according to his theory of moral development? Answer: conventional โ T/F research indicates that boys have more difficulty adjusting to remarriage compared to girls Answer: false
โ T/F gross motor skills generally develop before fine motor skills Answer: true โ the researcher focused on how young children experiment on their world in order to learn about it A. piaget B. vygotsky Answer: A. piaget โ T/F parents and teachers of children with the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD can easily miss ADHD symptoms Answer: true โ ADHD can be diagnosed according to three diagnostic areas or subtypes. Which of the following is NOT one of these areas? A. inattention B. hyperactivity/impulsivity C. both inattentive and hyperactivity/impulsivity D. psychosis Answer: D. psychosis โ Drew, a high school teacher, feels that laws should be followed so that society doesn't fall into total anarchy. after all, it's not fair for everyone else if someone gets away with stealing something. obeying the law, Drew reasons, is what we all do in order to maintain a healthy society. at what level would Kohlberg most likely
categorize this response, according to his theory of moral development? Answer: conventional โ Mark says that people shouldn't steal because they'll get in trouble and go to jail. At what level would Kohlberg most likely categorize this response, according to his theory of moral development? Answer: preconventional โ on average, who ends the pubertal growth spurt earlier: boys and girls? Answer: girls โ the average age of menarche has_________ since the 1990s A. increased B. decreased Answer: B. decreased โ _______ is a term that refers to a child coming of age and leaving the family home Answer: launching โ T/F 50% of people who are married right now will eventually divorce Answer: false โ T/F hypertension is a risk factor for a neurocognitive disorder Answer: true
โ T/F neurocognitive disorders are a noraml part of aging Answer: false โ which is the best summary of the role of the gene APOE e4 in Alzheimer's disease? Answer: certain alleles of this gene may increase risk for Alzheimer's โ for the following descriptions, identify the most likely type of neurocognitive disorder most likely indicated by these symptoms and situations Vera began drinking heavily in her 20s and continued throughout her life and is now in her 70s. she has been hospitalized with liver disease. prior to this hospitalization, her children noticed that shes been having trouble dressing herself and is exhibiting some marked forgetfulness A. Alzheimer's disease B. vascular disease C. parkinsons D. prion disease E. HIV F. substance/medication induced Answer: F. substance/medication induced โ which of the following age-related brain changes are thought to harm cells and possibly contribute to Alzheimer's diease
A. atrophy in parts of the brain B. inflammation C. production of free radicals D. all of the above Answer: D. all of the above โ What is the difference between a normal age-related change that involves forgetting a name versus someone in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease? A. memory differences are identical with age-related changes and Alzheimer-related changes B. people with Alzheimer's disease cannot remember anything C. the individual remembers the name later if it is a normal, age- related change Answer: C. the individual remembers the name later if it is a normal, age-related change โ T/F the older you are, the more likely it is that you will have a neurocognitive disorder Answer: true โ 70 year old Elizabeth has trouble remembering how to use her DVR and relies on her daughter to occasionally help her. is this most likely a a. Alzheimer's disease B. age-related change Answer: B. age-related change
โ according to Erikson, the "terrible twos" stem from a toddlers need to assert what? Answer: autonomy โ Freuds final psychosexual stage occurs from _______ on while, Erikson's final stage is for the following age groups:______ Answer: 1. 12 - 18 2. 65+ โ which of the following statements most accurately reflects Piaget's stages of cognitive development? A. stages do not have to occur in the same order B. children progress through stages in the same order C. children often experience multiple stages at the same time D. children progress through stages in random order Answer: B. Children progress through stages in the same order โ T/F training based on Pavlovian principles is used in the treatment of phobias Answer: true โ in which of the following stages is it important for children to establish a sense of competence? A. trust vs. mistrust B. autonomy vs. shame and doubt C. identity vs. identify
D. industry vs. inferiority Answer: D. Industry vs. inferiority โ which age group did Erikson say faces the crisis generativity vs. stagnation? Answer: Middle adulthood โ T/F Erikson emphasized the id, while Freud emphasized the ego Answer: false โ which reflexive behavior did Pavlov's dogs begin exhibiting at the sound of a bell? Answer: salivation โ stage theorist illustrate a _____ view of development A. continuous B. discontinuous Answer: B. discontinuous โ Janice is 60 years old and feels that she is in the prime of her life, at least mentally. However, she is starting to experience some problems with arthritis and knows she doesn't have quite the stamina that she used to. Those trends are a good illustration of development being multi________. A. disciplinary B. directional C. modal D. dimensional Answer: B. directional
โ which of the following accurately describes Discovery Learning? A. children learn by actively exploring - emphasis on hands on learning B. children learn by reading about experiments - emphasis on critical reading C. children learn by traveling to different countries - emphasis on a global perspective D. none of the above Answer: A. children learn by actively-emphasis on hands-on learning โ in Vygotskian model of learning, ______ is when teachers adjust the level of support they give students Answer: scaffolding โ Ritalin, a common treatment for ADHD, is an example of a/an [CHOOSE ONE: Stimulant, Opiate, Depressant] drug. Answer: stimulant โ to which of Kohlberg's moral development levels emphasizes the most external control of moral behaviors? Answer: preconventional โ which protein hormone is thought to trigger the hypothalamus increased production of GnRH? Answer: leptin
โ what biological event marks the beginning of adolescence? Answer: puberty โ Megan is a 12-year old girl who felt she was too fat. She put herself on strict all-lettuce diet and started running after school every day. once the weight started coming off, she was still dissatisfied and decided to up her exercise routine and cut out lunch. what eating disorder might she have? Answer: anorexia nervosa โ name two of sternberg's types of love that are likely to be more common early in a relationship Answer: infatuation, romantic โ which of Sternberg's types of love includes only passion and intimacy? Answer: romantic love โ According to Erikson, which comes first: identity or intimacy? Answer: identity โ someone studying cognitive development is concerned with changes in the way people_______ Answer: think โ which psychological perspective likens the human brain to a computer? Answer: information processing theory
