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Assinale a informação NÃO contida no texto. a) Todos os restaurantes de Illinois são filia- dos ao Programa de Reconhecimento de Res- taurantes para não-fumantes, embora este seja um programa de adesão voluntária. b) A fumaça do cigarro pode causar câncer de pulmão em não-fumantes e problemas res- piratórios em crianças.
c) A fumaça exalada por fumantes e provoca- da por cigarros acesos é considerada um ele- mento cancerígeno do grupo A. d) O Illinois Smoke-free Restaurant Recognition Program tem como um de seus objetivos conscientizar o público sobre os ris- cos ao fumante passivo. e) O Illinois Smoke-free Restaurant Recognition Program é uma das iniciativas do Departamento de Saúde Pública de Illinois.
A Listing of Illinois Smoke-free Restaurants
Patron Brochure (PDF) 65K
Restaurant Owner Brochure (PDF) 68K
Smoke-free Restaurant Certificate
Illinois Clean Indoor Act
The Illinois Smoke-free Restaurant Recognition Program recognizes those restaurants that have gone entirely smoke-free and raises public awareness to the dangers of exposure to second-hand smoke. Establishments choosing to participate in the program receive a certificate designating them as smoke-free restaurants and are listed on the Department’s Web site.
Second-hand smoke is a combination of the smoke from a burning cigarette and the smoke exhaled by the smoker. It contaminates the air and is retained in clothing, curtains and furniture. More importantly, it represents a dangerous health hazard.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) concluded that second-hand smoke causes lung cancer in adult nonsmokers and impairs the respiratory health of children. The EPA classifies second-hand smoke as a group A carcinogen, a designation that means there is sufficient evidence that the substance causes cancer in humans. More than 4,000 different chemicals have been identified in second-hand smoke, and at least 43 of these chemicals cause cancer. EPA estimates that approximately 3,000 American nonsmokers die each year from lung cancer caused by second-hand smoke.
The restaurants participating in this voluntary program have taken a progressive position by recognizing the need to go smoke-free to protect the health of their employees and patrons and by encouraging other restaurants across Illinois to participate.
As questões de l a 3 referem-se à seguinte página da internet:
http://www.idph.state.il.us/tobacco/ilsmkfree.htm Data da visita ao site: 26/06/
Questão 1
alternativa A
No primeiro parágrafo: "Establishments choosing to participate in the program..."
Assinale a opção que contém os significados mais adequados para as palavras sublinha- das nos trechos abaixo: I. The Illinois Smoke-free Restaurant Recognition Program recognizes those restaurants that have gone entirely smoke-free... (1º Parágrafo). II. Second-hand smoke is a combination of the smoke from a burning cigarette... (2° Parágrafo). III. More importantly, it represents a dangerous health hazard. (2° Parágrafo). IV. EPA estimates that approximately 3. American nonsmokers die... (3º Parágrafo).
a) I – constantly III – complication
II – provided by IV – likely
b) I – completely III – risk
II – derived from IV – nearly
c) I – generally III – infection
II – made by IV – almost
d) I – slightly III – loss
II – exhaled by IV – around
e) I – totally III – problem
II – produced by IV – exactly
alternativa B
entirely = completely = completamente. from = derived from = de, originário de. hazard = risk = risco, perigo. approximately = nearly = quase, aproximadamen- te.
Assinale a opção que indica o link que con- tém as informações a seguir.
(endereço eletrônico omitido propositadamente). a) A Listing of Illinois Smoke-free Restaurants b) Patron Brochure (PDF) 65K c) Restaurant Owner Brochure (PDF) 68K d) Smoke-free Restaurant Certificate e) Illinois Clean IndoorAct
alternativa C
Tradução da alternativa correta: Manual do Proprietário de Restaurante Elementos que indicam que o texto é destinado a donos de restaurante:
•^ "... can help lower maintenance costs, reduce
employee turnover and create a more positive work environment.";
•^ "... several tangible business benefits";
•^ "Easier compliance with federal requirements...";
etc.
As questões de 4 a 6 referem-se ao seguinte texto:
Botelho a worthy Award Winner This year, Brazil and the world have been celebrating the 100 th^ anniversary of the first flight at a public event by Brazilian Alberto Santos-Dumont. With his imminent retirement next April as president and chief executive officer of Embraer, Mauricio Botelho must be seen as another Brazilian aviation hero, one who turned a small
Questão 2
Questão 3
Adopting a smoke-free policy can help lower maintenance costs, reduce employee turnover and create a more positive work environment. Going smoke-free offers several tangible business benefits:
Easier compliance with federal requirements to create a safe, healthy workplace for both workers who smoke and those who do not.
A better working relationship with employees who appreciate clearly defined policies, increased employee productivity and reduced illness-related absenteeism.
(...)
Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. c) apenas a III. e) todas.
b) apenas a II. d) apenas II e III.
alternativa D
I. maidenflight... = first flight. II. penchant= a tendency towards something. III. foray= an attempt to become involved in a different activity.
As questões de 7 a 10 referem-se ao texto a seguir:
Taking Measure With Hardware and Software The researchers who founded National Instruments Corp switched from building their own equipment to beefing up other people’s. “You could start a company.” That offhand comment by Jim Truchard got Jeff Kodosky and Bill Nowlin thinking. Within days, Truchard and his two employees at the Applied Research Laboratories (ARL) at the University of Texas at Austin (UT) decided to give it a go. That was in February 1976. By May, the trio had incorporated. Today, National Instruments Corp has annual Sales topping $425 million, employs more than 3100 people, sells some 1500 hardware and software products, and, for five years running, has been rated by Fortune magazine as one of the 100 best companies to work for. At ARL, Truchard headed an underwater acoustic measurements lab. “I had about two dozen different projects, all the way from basic acoustics to pragmatic testing of military sonar beam formers,” he says. Truchard went into science because of Sputnik. “I was right on the cusp of that movement. We were all taking Russian and physics,” he says. He earned bachelor’s and master’s degrees in physics and did his PhD – on a nonlinear parametric acoustic receiving array – in electrical engineering, all at
UT. Kodosky and Nowlin both worked part-time for Truchard while enrolled at UT. Nowlin earned a master’s in electrical engineering and Kodosky, who has a bachelor’s in physics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, worked toward a PhD; he drifted between theoretical high-energy physics and computer science but did not complete the degree. (...)
Physics intuition Both Kodosky and Truchard point to their physics training as playing a role in their success with National Instruments. Says Truchard, “Acoustical measurements are fairly tricky, and it happens to be a smaller area where you didn’t have off-the-shelf equipment. You had to build equipment. That background, and the measurements themselves, created a basis.” What’s more, he adds, “the physics background helps create good intuition. I think having solved differential equations and learned about gradients, you know how things are going to work out. I’ve always felt it helped me develop intuition about business.” In leaving academic research, says Kodosky, “we took a giant step back from what we were working on. ARL was cutting edge. Now it was customers who were doing the interesting experiments.” Still, he and Truchard say they have more impact on science by supplying tools than they would have had as researchers. “We can have a nonlinear effect on the productivity of the science and engineering community. There is plenty of anecdotal evidence that our virtual instrumentation can make people 5 to 10 times as productive,” Kodosky says. “I personally would find it frustrating [to do research] because it’s slow, but dropping by a customer’s site every couple of years is fun. We live vicariously through them.” Toni Feder
Physics Today, July 2004
Considere as seguintes afirmações: I. Truchard, Nowlin e Kodosky fundaram a empresa National Instruments Corp, em
II. A National Instruments Corp atua na área de informática e, de acordo com a Revis- ta Fortune, está entre as 100 empresas mais produtivas nesta área. III. Nowlin e Kodosky trabalhavam para Tru- chard, em tempo parcial, enquanto estuda- vam na Universidade do Texas. Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. c) apenas a III. e) apenas II e III.
b) apenas a II. d) apenas I e III.
alternativa D
No texto: I. No primeiro parágrafo: "‘You could start a company.’ (...) Truchard and his two employees at the Applied Research Laboratories (ARL) at the University of Texas at Austin (UT) decided to give it a go. That was in February 1976." III. No segundo parágrafo: "Kodosky and Nowlin both worked part-time for Truchard while enrolled at UT."
Considere as seguintes afirmações: I. Truchard estudou Física na Rússia e tem doutorado em Engenharia Elétrica. II. Nowlin é mestre em Engenharia Elétrica. III. Kodosky não concluiu o doutorado.
Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a II. c) apenas I e III. e) todas.
b) apenas I e II. d) apenas II e III.
alternativa D
No segundo parágrafo: "He [Truchard] earned bachelor’s and (...) all at UT [University of Texas]." "Nowlin earned a master’s in electrical engineering..." "Kodosky, who has a bachelor’s in physics (...) did not complete the degree."
Considere as seguintes afirmações: I. A formação acadêmica dos proprietários da National Instruments Corp foi importante para o sucesso da empresa. II. Para Truchard, Nowlin e Kodosky, o in- gresso no mundo corporativo representou um retrocesso em termos de pesquisa acadêmica. III. A graduação de Kodosky e Truchard em Física foi um fator relevante para o desenvol- vimento da intuição para os negócios. Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. c) apenas I e III. e) todas.
b) apenas I e II. d) apenas II e III.
ver comentário
Rigorosamente falando, apenas o item III é corre- to; os demais, não obstante terem justificativas aparentes em trechos do texto, apresentam pro- blemas: I. "Both Kodosky and Truchard point to their physics training as playing a role in their success with National Instruments." (parágrafo 3) Não se menciona qual seria a importância da for- mação acadêmica do terceiro membro da socie- dade Bill Nowlin, que não veio da área de Física. II. "In leaving academic research, says Kodosky, ‘we took a giant step back from what we were working on’." (parágrafo 4) Ocorre que esse "retrocesso" é apenas aparente, já que os três têm um impacto consideravelmente maior hoje, com sua empresa, sobre a produção científica de outros pesquisadores do que teriam se tivessem prosseguido como pesquisadores na universidade: "... they have more impact on science by supplying tools than they would have had as researchers." (parágrafo 4)
A expressão What’s more (2ª coluna, 1º Pará- grafo) NÃO pode ser substituída por a) Nevertheless. c) Also. e) Furthermore.
b) Besides. d) Moreover.
alternativa A
Nevertheless = no entanto, todavia.
Questão 7
Questão 8
Questão 9
Questão 10
II. Marvin está mais preocupado com uma possível multa por estacionamento irregular do que com o atirador. III. Marvin adora conversar sobre o seu carro. Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. c) apenas I e III. e) todas.
b) apenas I e II. d) apenas II e III.
alternativa E
No texto: I. linhas 5 a 11. II. linhas 13 a 17. III. linhas 30 a 35.
Entende-se, pela leitura do texto, que o carro de Marvin I. está estacionado próximo ao banco. II. apresenta problema no freio. III. possui seguro.
Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. c) apenas a III. e) apenas II e III.
b) apenas a II. d) apenas I e II
alternativa D
No texto, linha 8: "... Marv’s car is standing outside..." No texto, linhas 39 e 40: "It doesn’t even have a handbrake" No texto, linha 47: "‘It isn’t insured.’"
Da leitura do texto, é possível inferir que Marvin e Ed a) são amigos. b) são pai e filho. c) têm relação de parentesco, mas não são ín- timos. d) acabaram de se conhecer. e) não se toleram.
alternativa A
No texto (linhas 5 e 6): "Even my best mateMarvin knows it and he’s more useless than the gunman." my best mate = meu melhor amigo
Assinale a opção em que a contração dos ver- bos (’s) ou (’d) está representada corretamen- te. a) ... he’s more useless than the gunman. (li- nha 6) – has b) ... the car’s only got a few minutes left on it. (linhas 10 e 11) – is c) ‘I wish this bloke’d hurry up,’... (linha 12) – had d) ‘The car’s not even worth it.’ (linha 18) – has e) ... and he’s just turned twenty, ... (linhas 34 e 35) – has
alternativa E
Nas alternativas: a) "he’s" (linha 6) = is b) "... the car’s only..." (linhas 10 e 11) = has c) "‘I wish this bloke’d hurry up,’..." (linha 12) = would d) " ‘The car’s not even worth it.’ " (linha 18) = is
Dadas as asserções: I. O termo bloke (linha 12) refere-se a gunman. II. A expressão tune out (linha 30) pode ser substituída por pay attention. III. A expressão cut off , em cut him off (linha 37), pode ser substituída por interrupt. Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. c) apenas a III. e) apenas I e III.
b) apenas a II. d) apenas I e II.
alternativa E
No texto: Em "I wish this bloke’d hurry up", o termo "bloke" refere-se ao assaltante. to cut off= to interrupt= interromper.
Questão 13
Questão 14
Questão 15
Questão 16
As questões de 17 a 20 referem-se ao seguin- te texto:
Ethical abuses in the authorship of scientific papers Problems regarding the order of authorship of scientific papers have become more frequent and more abusive. These problems may have heightened due to the ever increasing pressure to “publish or perish” in the academic world, given that the publication of scientific articles has become the benchmark of success in a field with few job opportunities. This article reviews the abuses in the authorship of scientific papers. Different examples are given of the most common problems and recommendations are provided for authors and journal editors.
Rev. Bras. Entomol. Vol. 51 no. l São Paulo, Jan./Mar. 2007
O objetivo do artigo ao qual se refere o texto é a) divulgar as dificuldades no mercado de trabalho acadêmico. b) publicar diferentes textos científicos. c) estimular a publicação de artigos científi- cos. d) divulgar as recomendações de editores para a elaboração de artigos científicos. e) analisar abusos relacionados à autoria de artigos científicos.
alternativa E
No texto: “This article reviews the abuses in the authorship of scientific papers.”
Considere as seguintes afirmações: I. O artigo ao qual o texto se refere divulga uma lista de publicações científicas com pro- blemas relacionados ao plágio. II. As oportunidades de trabalho no mundo acadêmico são mais restritas para os pesqui- sadores que não publicam artigos científicos.
III. Para que o pesquisador seja reconhecido diante da comunidade acadêmica, a publica- ção de artigos científicos é importante. Está(ão) correta(s) a) apenas a I. b) apenas II e III. c) apenas I e II. d) apenas I e III. e) todas.
alternativa B
No texto: "These problems may have heightened due to the ever increasing pressure to ‘publish or perish’ in the academic world, given that the publication of scientific articles has become the benchmark of success in a field with few job opportunities."
Os termos heightened (linha 4), benchmark (linha 8) e are provided (linhas 13 e 14) po- dem ser traduzidos, respectivamente, como: a) complicado, símbolo, sugerem b) aumentado, problema, são sugeridas c) solucionado, determinante, têm mostrado d) crescido, referência, são fornecidas e) diminuído, causa, mostram
alternativa D
• heightened(linha 4)^ =^ made or become higher
or greater (crescido, aumentado).
• benchmark (linha^ 8)^ =^ a^ standard^ by^ which
someone can be measured or judged (referência, ponto de referência).
• are provided(linhas 13 e 14)^ =^ are supplied
(são fornecidas, são proporcionadas).
A expressão given that (linhas 6 e 7) pode ser substituída por a) where d) whose
b) when e) whether
c) which
alternativa A
A rigor, given thatequivale a asou since("já que"); apenas num contexto específico é que pode ser substituída por where.
Questão 17
Questão 18
Questão 19
Questão 20
