Network Types, Protocols, and Standards: A Comprehensive Overview, Exercises of Information Technology

ASM DEMO Information technology

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021

Uploaded on 04/12/2023

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INTRODUCTION:
SECTION 1: DICUSS THE BENEFITS AND CONSTRAINTS OF DIFFERENT NETWORK TYPES AND
STANDARDS:
1. Network
Definition: A network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices,
peripherals, or other devices that are linked to facilitate data exchange. The Internet, which links
millions of people worldwide, is an example of a network. The image on the right shows an
example of a home network with many PCs and other network devices all connected.
2. Types of network:
2.1. MAN
Definition: A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network that connects computers
within a metropolitan area, which can be a single large city, a collection of cities and towns, or
any given large area with multiple buildings. A MAN is larger than a LAN but smaller than a wide
area network (WAN)
Advantages:
• It can send data in both directions simultaneously
• It increases data transmission speed while improving data handling efficiency
• It allows for the cost-effective use of shared resources such as printers.
Disadvantages:
• These networks must be set up by knowledgeable technicians and network administrators.
• The deployment and administration expenses of this network are greater than those of a local
area network.
•This network is difficult to administer since it is comprised of several local area networks.
2.2. WAN
Definition: A wide area network (also known as WAN) is a big information network that is not
restricted to a single place. Through a WAN provider, WANs may permit communication,
information exchange, and much more between devices all over the world.
Advantages:
• Increase efficiency.
• Share information over a wide area.
• Protect your privacy.
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INTRODUCTION:

SECTION 1: DICUSS THE BENEFITS AND CONSTRAINTS OF DIFFERENT NETWORK TYPES AND

STANDARDS:

1. Network  Definition: A network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, peripherals, or other devices that are linked to facilitate data exchange. The Internet, which links millions of people worldwide, is an example of a network. The image on the right shows an example of a home network with many PCs and other network devices all connected. 2. Types of network: 2.1. MAN  Definition: A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network that connects computers within a metropolitan area, which can be a single large city, a collection of cities and towns, or any given large area with multiple buildings. A MAN is larger than a LAN but smaller than a wide area network (WAN)  Advantages:

  • It can send data in both directions simultaneously
  • It increases data transmission speed while improving data handling efficiency
  • It allows for the cost-effective use of shared resources such as printers.  Disadvantages:
  • These networks must be set up by knowledgeable technicians and network administrators.
  • The deployment and administration expenses of this network are greater than those of a local area network. •This network is difficult to administer since it is comprised of several local area networks. 2.2. WAN  Definition: A wide area network (also known as WAN) is a big information network that is not restricted to a single place. Through a WAN provider, WANs may permit communication, information exchange, and much more between devices all over the world.  Advantages:
  • Increase efficiency.
  • Share information over a wide area.
  • Protect your privacy.

 Disadvantages:

  • It is slow in terms of speed.
  • It is cluttered and complex.
  • It is difficult to maintain the network.
  • It is highly expensive because we must pay every time we transfer data. 2.3 LAN  Definition: A local area network (LAN) is a group of devices that are connected in a single physical location, such as a building, office, or home. A LAN can be small or large, ranging from a home network with one user to an enterprise network in an office or school with thousands of users and devices.  Advantages:
  • It has a low error rate;
  • Increase productivity by improving information storage, retrieval, and other functions;
  • A high transmission rate to meet the needs of both users and equipment
  • High speed.
  • Improved internet security and data security
  • Increased data transfer rate  Disadvantages:
  • It covers a small geographical area
  • A virus spreads more easily
  • Network performance degrades as the number of users increases
  • Only a limited number of systems can be connected.
  • In server-based LAN architecture, if the server fails, all users are affected. 3 The protocols and standards 3.1 Network protocol:  Definition: An established set of guidelines that govern how data is transferred between various devices connected to the same network is known as a network protocol. Network protocols are essential to modern digital communications because they make it possible to communicate with people anywhere in the world.  Purpose: In essence, it enables interconnected devices to communicate with one another despite any differences in their internal workings, organizational structures, or aesthetics. 3.2 Common protocols

a. TCP: Transmission Control Protocol

e.ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol

ICMP is a network layer protocol that network devices utilize to deliver error messages and

operational data. ICMP messages sent in IP packets are used for out-of-band messages about

network functioning or failure. ICMP is used to broadcast network failures, congestion, and

timeouts, as well as to help with debugging.

 List the international standard organizations and the name of the standards in networking: SECTION 2: EXPLAIN THE IMPACT OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY, COMMUNICATION AND BANDWIDTH REQUIREMENTS:

1. TOPOLOGIES 1.1 Network topology Definition 1.2 Physical topology Definition 1.3 Logical topology Definition  The difference between physical topology and logical topology: 1.4 Popular topologies a. Mesh b. Star c. Bus d. Ring e. Tree f. Hybrid 2. COMMUNICATION AND BANDWIDTH REQUIREMENTS: 2.1. Network communication: -Definition

 The rules in the network  The necessity the rules 2.2. Bandwidth: -Definition  Bandwidth requirement: SECTION 3: DISCUSS THE OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF NETWORKING DEVICES AND SERVER TYPES:  How networking devices operate in a network: Example: Switches and Routers a. Swithches: b. Routers

1. Networking devices: 1.1 Gateway: 1.2 Firewall: 2.Types of servers: 2.1 DHCP server: 2.2 DNS server: **SECTION 4: DISCUSS THE INTER-DEPENDENCE OF WORKSTATION HARDWARE WITH RELEVANT NETWORKING SOFTWARE

  1. Inter-dependence:** -Meaning 2. Workstation hardware: -Definition: 3. Netwoking software: -Definition:  The interdependence of the workstation hardware and networking software: