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Online Abnormal Psychology - Exam 4
Questions and Answers.
Pronoun reversal - Correct Answer What term is used to describe the following communication: Teacher - "What are you playing with, Carl?" Carl - "He's playing ball" Ruminating - Correct Answer All of the following are examples of internalizing disorders EXCEPT Average and Above Average Intelligence - Correct Answer Children with learning disabilities typically have ________ intelligences Echolalia - Correct Answer What term is used to describe the following communication? Mother: "Would you like to play with this?" Child: "Would you like to play with this?" Genetic heritability - Correct Answer The most important factor in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder appears to be Social withdrawl - Correct Answer Externalizing disorders include all of the following EXCEPT Short-term improvements in attention, goal-directed activity and behavior - Correct Answer Stimulant drugs have which of the following effects on hyperactive children? Extreme temper tantrums - Correct Answer Which of the following symptoms manifest in children with PTSD, but usually not in adults with PTSD? Conduct disorder - Correct Answer A disorder that includes behaviors that violate the basic rights of others and violate societal norms is labeled as _____ in the DSM- Not relating to others - Correct Answer The fundamental characteristic of autism spectrum disorder is is developmentally determined; that is, normal behavior at one age is abnormal at another - Correct Answer Abnormal behavior in children Refuses to speak in unfamiliar social circumstances - Correct Answer John was diagnosed as having selective mutism. This means that he
Extreme distractibility - Correct Answer Which of the following distinguishes children with ADHD from other children? Age - Correct Answer When diagnosing a child, it is most important to consider the child's All of the above (autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified) - Correct Answer Which of the following disorders is classified as an autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5? Internalizing - Correct Answer ________ disorders are characterized by more inward- focused experiences and behaviors Maternal smoking may play a role in ADHD in offspring - Correct Answer The association between nicotine and ADHD is that Overall; primarily social and language - Correct Answer Generally, children with intellectual disability show _________ deficits in intellectual functioning while children with autism spectrum disorder show ________ deficits Mutation in the X-chromosome - Correct Answer "Fragile X" is commonly due to a Have more negative interactions - Correct Answer Depressed children and their parents Dopamine - Correct Answer In recent molecular genetic studies, genes associated with the neurotransmitter _______ have been linked to ADHD Is based upon intervention in ecologically valid settings such as home, school, or peer group - Correct Answer Multisystemic therapy Externalizing - Correct Answer ________ disorders are characterized by more outward- directed behaviors Early antisocial behavior in combination with socioeconomic disadvantages leads to conduct problems - Correct Answer Sociocultural perspectives on conduct disorder suggest After age 18 - Correct Answer A diagnosis of intellectual developmental disorder may not be made if the problem begins Antidepressant medication and cognitive-behavioral therapy - Correct Answer Penelope is a 9-year-old girl who has the following symptoms for the past month: lack of interest in her friends, loss of appetite and weight, tearfulness, and difficulty concentrating. Which of the following treatments would most likely be effective in treating her problem?
Problems with executive function such as planning and problem solving - Correct Answer Frontal-temporal dementias (FTD) are characterized by Social policy - Correct Answer The age at which one is considered "old," currently 65, is based upon Both a and b (Alzhemier's and Parkinson's) - Correct Answer The symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies are similar to those of Focus on helping patients and families deal with the effects of the disease - Correct Answer Psychological treatments for individuals with Alzheimer's All of the above (dementia is the gradual deterioration, delirium has a rapid onset, dementia is not explained by another medical condition) - Correct Answer The difference between dementia and delirium is that Age effects - Correct Answer The consequences of being a certain chronological age are called Many may have mild cognitive losses - Correct Answer All of these are myths about older adults except Cohort effects - Correct Answer The consequences of growing up during a particular time period with its unique challenges and opportunities are called Dementia - Correct Answer Deterioration of cognitive abilities among the elderly, to the point that social and occupational functions are impaired, is called Memory - Correct Answer Impairment in which of the following areas is the most prominent symptom of dementia? Tangled abnormal protein filaments called neurofibrillary tangles - Correct Answer Alzheimer's disease is the result of Because exercise has become widely promoted in the media, many older adults are now exercising and thus are healthier than predicted by earlier measures of their physical well-being - Correct Answer Which of the following statements is an example of a time-of-measurement effect? Delirium - Correct Answer A state of great mental confusion is called Difficulty remembering new material - Correct Answer What is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease? Cohort effect - Correct Answer As the hippies of the 1960s reach old age, research may find increased drug abuse among older adults. This increase would be a(n)
Drugs to increase acetylcholine levels - Correct Answer Standard treatment for Alzheimer's disease includes All of the above (a healthy diet and no smoking, continued engagement in cognitive activities, an active lifestyle involving daily exercise and social interaction) - Correct Answer Which of the following may be protective against Alzheimer's disease? Cross-sectional - Correct Answer A group of people age 40 is compared to a group age
- This type of research is called Lack of anonymity - Correct Answer Which of the following is NOT a methodological issue when studying psychological disorders in late adulthood? 65 - Correct Answer Elderly are defined as being over the age of All of the above (they are not tested on the elderly, only on young people, side effects are more common, toxicity is more of a problem) - Correct Answer Psychoactive drugs can be dangerous when used with the elderly because Difficulty remembering things - Correct Answer The most prominent symptom of dementia is None of the above. Delirium can over at any time - Correct Answer Delirium can occur only Cultivating only one's most important social relationships - Correct Answer Social selectivity refers to Polypharmacy - Correct Answer The prescribing of multiple drugs to a person is called Two age groups are compared at one point in time - Correct Answer In cross-sectional research on aging, Borderline - Correct Answer Yolanda vacillates between feeling extremely positive feelings for her friend and having extreme negative feelings for her, often for no apparent reason. When these changes in her disposition occur, she also experiences deep depression and sometimes engages in self-injurious behavior. On the basis of this information, Yolanda most likely has ____ personality disorder Emotional dysregulation - Correct Answer Which of the following is a characteristic of borderline personality disorder? Dependent - Correct Answer Karl relies on his wife to make every decision, from what kind of suits he should buy to which people are work he should get to know better. He
Somatoform - Correct Answer Which of the following is NOT a personality disorder? All of the above (talk to themselves, engage in magical thinking, and dress in dirty or disheveled clothing) - Correct Answer It is common for those diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder to Paranoid personality disorder - Correct Answer Carla has a difficult time maintaining friendships. She is generally suspicious of the motives of other people, often misinterpreting the behavior of her friends. Based on this information, the most likely personality disorder diagnosis for Carla would be Both a + b (compulsivity and negative affectivity) - Correct Answer The DSM-5 criteria associated with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is Overly dramatic and attention-seeking behavior - Correct Answer A primary characteristic of histrionic personality disorder is Cognitive-behavioral problem-solving, social skills training and client-centered empathy
- Correct Answer Dialectical behavior therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder combines Parental inconsistency - Correct Answer A major family variable that contributes to later psychopathy in children is Avoidant personality disorder - Correct Answer What diagnosis would be most appropriate to Tonya? She says she would like to meet people but is too afraid of saying something foolish to speak to them. She describes herself as the ultimate social klutz because she never knows what to say or do. As a results, she keeps to herself except for interacting with a few friends she has known since childhood. Borderline personality - Correct Answer A person with which of the following diagnoses is most likely to also have post-traumatic stress disorder or a mood disorder? Schizotypal - Correct Answer Unusual and eccentric thoughts and behavior (psychotics), interpersonal detachment, and suspiciousness are characteristics of the DSM-5 _______ personality disorder Borderline and histrionic; antisocial and narcissistic - Correct Answer Women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with ________ personality disorders, and men are more likely than women to be diagnosed with ________ personality disorders. Antisocial personality disorder - Correct Answer The most prevalent DSM-5 personality disorder in a community setting is Paranoid personality disorder - Correct Answer Which of the personality disorders is not included in Cluster B, the dramatic/erratic personality disorder?
Histrionic personality disorder - Correct Answer Chayenne is overly dramatic. She speaks with exaggerations, such as, "That was the most incredible movie I've ever seen," yet wouldn't be able to describe why she liked it. In addition, she is hyper- concerned about her appearance and dresses in provocative and unusual ways. Assuming she met the rest of the criteria, the most likely personality disorder diagnosis based on this description would be Their comorbidity with each other - Correct Answer A major problem in classifying personality disorders is Pervasive and inflexible - Correct Answer Compared to normal personality styles, personality disorders are more Histrionic personality disorder - Correct Answer The key feature of _______ is overly dramatic and attention-seeking behavior Self-centeredness with fantasies of success - Correct Answer Narcissistic personality is primarily characterized by Insanity defense - Correct Answer A legal argument based on the notion that the defendant should not be responsible for an illegal act if it is attributable to mental illness or intellectual disability that interferes with rationality is called It created a large population of impoverished, homeless mentally ill - Correct Answer Which of the following is true regarding the deinstitutionalization of large numbers of mentally ill persons? He would be considered competent to stand trial - Correct Answer Simon has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. He is accused of murder, and his lawyers have suggested that he is not competent to stand trial. He is then administered Haldol; his symptoms remit significantly and he stops experiencing paranoid ideas and delusions. What is likely to happen next? Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity - Correct Answer George killed his two children because he believed he heard voices telling him that if he did not kill them, his neighbor would. His defense attorney argued that due to George's insanity at the time of the crime, he should not be held responsible for the crime and should thus be acquitted of the crime. Which of the following best describes the plea that George's defense attorney made? Insanity - Correct Answer When a disordered mind may be regarded as unable to formulate and carry out a criminal purpose, it is called The ethical code of a profession; based on law - Correct Answer Confidentiality is based on ______, whereas a privileged communication is ________
Higher numbers of mentally ill in other institutions, such as jails and nursing homes - Correct Answer Deinstitutionalization policies have inadvertently led to which of the following outcomes? If found to be mentally ill and a danger to themselves or others - Correct Answer Most states hold that a person can be involuntarily committed to a mental hopsital Patients typically end up in other institutions such as nursing homes, prisons and mental health departments of non psychiatric hospitals - Correct Answer Deinstitutionalization has been described as an improper label because They are treated and, if later found competent, then tried for the original crime - Correct Answer When someone is determined incompetent to stand trial, what typically happens to him or her? Civil commitment - Correct Answer Despite her objections, the police took Elizabeth directly to a mental hospital after they found her in an obviously deranged state, attempting to kill herself. What is the procedure the doctors used to keep her in the hospital after she arrived? Informed consent - Correct Answer When subjects in research studies are told about the potential risks and are free to decline participation, it is called Liberty - Correct Answer The philosophical ideal of the U.S. government is to allow citizens the maximum degree of ______ consistent with preserving order in the community at large Court proceedings - Correct Answer The definition of "insanity" comes from ______ Guilty but mentally ill - Correct Answer If a person can be found legally guilty of a crime -- thus maximizing the chances of incarceration -- and the person's mental illness plays a role in how he or she is dealt with, it is addressed by the notion of
