Please determine the statement if a function’s return type is void and it returns a value.

I have an assignment due next week.

yorket

over 13 years ago

Computer Fundamentals

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Please determine the statement if a function’s return type is void and it returns a value.

I have an assignment due next week.

freddye

about 13 years ago

Managerial Economics

"State lotteries that pay out 50% of the revenues that they generate require players who place at least a certain $2 value on each $1 of expected risky return. Indicate whether the statement is true or false and explain why."

We have formed a society in our college council where we provide e-resources to our subscribers related to exam material. I personally thought of including this question in it as well, because it is often tested in our exams. Please elaborate it.

Greatfortune

about 5 years ago

Programming Languages

Write a function called has_duplicates that takes a strings parameter and returns True

Start with the following Python code. alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" test_dups = ["zzz","dog","bookkeeper","subdermatoglyphic","subdermatoglyphics"] test_miss = ["zzz","subdermatoglyphic","the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"] From Section 11.2 of: Downey, A. (2015). Think Python: How to think like a computer scientist. Needham, Massachusetts: Green Tree Press. def histogram(s): d = dict() for c in s: if c not in d: d[c] = 1 else: d[c] += 1 return d Copy the code above into your program but write all the other code for this assignment yourself. **Do not copy any code from another source. ** **Part 1 ** Write a function called has_duplicates that takes a string parameter and returns True if the string has any repeated characters. Otherwise, it should return False. Implement has_duplicates by creating a histogram using the histogram function above. Do not use any of the implementations of has_duplicates that are given in your textbook. Instead, your implementation should use the counts in the histogram to decide if there are any duplicates. Write a loop over the strings in the provided test_dups list. Print each string in the list and whether or not it has any duplicates based on the return value of has_duplicates for that string. For example, the output for "aaa" and "abc" would be the following. aaa has duplicatesabc has no duplicates Print a line like one of the above for each of the strings in test_dups. **Part 2 ** Write a function called missing_letters that takes a string parameter and returns a new string with all the letters of the alphabet that are not in the argument string. The letters in the returned string should be in alphabetical order. Your implementation should use a histogram from the histogram function. It should also use the global variable alphabet. It should use this global variable directly, not through an argument or a local copy. It should loop over the letters in alphabet to determine which are missing from the input parameter. The function missing_letters should combine the list of missing letters into a string and return that string. Write a loop over the strings in list test_miss and call missing_letters with each string. Print a line for each string listing the missing letters. For example, for the string "aaa", the output should be the following. aaa is missing letters bcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz If the string has all the letters in alphabet, the output should say it uses all the letters. For example, the output for the string alphabet itself would be the following. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz uses all the letters Print a line like one of the above for each of the strings in test_miss. Submit your Python program. It should include the following.

The provided code for alphabet, test_dups, test_miss, and histogram.
Your implementation of the has_duplicates function.
A loop that outputs duplicate information for each string in test_dups.
Your implementation of the missing_letters function.
A loop that outputs missing letters for each string in test_miss.

Also submit the output from running your program. Your submission will be assessed using the following Aspects.

Does the program include a function called has_duplicates that takes a string parameter and returns a boolean?
Does the has_duplicates function call the histogram function?
Does the program include a loop over the strings in test_dups that calls has_duplicate on each string?
Does the program correctly identify whether each string in test_dups has duplicates?
Does the program include a function called missing_letters that takes a string parameter and returns a string?
Does the missing_letters function call the histogram function?
Does the missing_letters function use the alphabet global variable directly?
Does the program include a loop over the strings in test_miss that calls missing_letters on each string?
Does the program correctly identify the missing letters for each string in test_miss, including each string that "uses all the letters"?

hamza001

about 9 years ago

Java Programming

Java programming exercise.

You are to write a set of supporting classes for a simple shopping program. Prices are expressed using doubles and quantities are expressed as simple integers (e.g., you can’t buy 2.345 of something). Notice that some of the items have a discount when you buy more. For example, product X normally costs $3.95 each, but you can buy 10 for $19.99. These items have, in effect, two prices: a single item price and a bulk item price for a bulk quantity. When computing the price for such an item, apply as many of the bulk quantity as you can and then use the single item price for any leftovers. For example, the user is ordering 12 buttons that cost $0.99 each but can be bought in bulk, 10 for $5.00. The first 10 are sold at that bulk price ($5.00) and the two extras are charged at the single item price ($0.99 each) for a total of $6.98.You are to implement four classes that are used to make this code work. You should first implement a Class called Item that will store information about the individual items. It should have the following public methods.*-Description of Method Item(name, price):-Constructor that takes a name and a price as arguments. The name will be aString and the price will be a double. Should throw anIllegalArgumentException if price is negative.*-Description of Method Item(name, price, bulk quantity,bulk price):- Constructor that takes a name and a single-item price and a bulk quantity and abulk price as arguments. The name will be a String and the quantity will be aninteger and the prices will be doubles. Should throw anIllegalArgumentException if any number is negative.*-Description of Method priceFor(quantity):-Returns the price for a given quantity of the item (taking into account bulk price,if applicable). Quantity will be an integer. Should throw anIllegalArgumentException if quantity is negative.*-Description of Method toString() :-Returns a String representation of this item: name followed by a comma and space followed by price. If this has a bulk price, then you should append anextra space and a parenthesized description of the bulk pricing that has the bulkquantity, the word “for” and the bulk price.You should implement a Class called Catalog that stores information about a collection of these items. It should have the following public methods.*-Description of Method Catalog(name):-Constructor that takes the name of this catalog as a parameter. The name will bea String.*-Description of Method addItem()-Adds an Item at the end of this list.*-Description of Method size()-Returns the number of items in this list.*-Description of Method getIndex()-Returns the Item with the given index (0-based).*-Description of Method getName()-Returns the name of this catalog. *-Description of Method toString()-Returns list of items in the catalog (see output)You should implement a class called ItemOrder that stores information about a particular itemand the quantity ordered for that item. It should have the following public methods:*-Description of Method ItemOrder(item,quantity):-Constructor that creates an item order for the given item and given quantity.The quantity will be an integer.*-Description of Method 12 getPrice():-Returns the cost for this item order.*-Description of Method getItem() :-Returns a reference to the item in this order.You should implement a class called ShoppingCart that stores information about the overall order. It should have the following public methods.*-Description of Method ShoppingCart():-Constructor that creates an empty list of item orders.*-description of Method add(item order):-Adds an item order to the list, replacing any previous order for this item with thenew order. The parameter will be of type ItemOrder.*-Description of Method getTotal():-Returns the total cost of the shopping cart. Notice that when you add an ItemOrder to a ShoppingCart, you have to deal with replacing any old order for the item. A user at one time might request 3 of some item and later change the request to 5 of that item. The order for 5 replaces the order for 3. The user isn’t requesting 8 of the item in making such a change. The add method might be passed an item order with a quantity of 0. This should behave just like the others, replacing any current order for this item or being added to the order list. In the Item class you need to construct a String representation of the price. This isn’t easy to do for a number of reasons, but Java provides a convenient built-in object that will do it for you. It’s called a NumberFormat object and it appears in the java.text package (so you need to import java.text.*). You obtain a formatter by calling the static method called getCurrencyInstance(), asin: NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance(); You can then call the “format” method of this object passing it the price as a double and it willreturn a String with a dollar sign and the price in dollars and cents. For example, you might say:double price = 38.5;String text = nf.format(price);This would set the variable text to “$38.50”. classes should be stored in files called Item.java, Catalog.java, ItemOrder.java andShoppingCart.java. Below is a Driver for your code: public class Driver { public static void main(String[] args) { ShoppingCart shopCart = new ShoppingCart(); Item I1 = new Item("Pepsi", 3.99); Item I2 = new Item("Apple", 1.99, 10, 5.99); Item I3 = new Item("Orange", 1.25); Item I4 = new Item("Cake", 0.99, 7, 4.25); Item I5 = new Item("Galaxy", 1.0); Item I6 = new Item("Twix", 1.0, 4, 4.0); Item I7 = new Item("Trident", 2.0); Item I8 = new Item("Chips", 0.5, 3, 1.0); Catalog catalog = new Catalog("Ayre Market"); catalog.add(I1); catalog.add(I2); catalog.add(I3); catalog.add(I4); catalog.add(I5); catalog.add(I6); catalog.add(I7); catalog.add(I8); System.out.println(catalog.getName()+" offers "+catalog.size()+" items:"); System.out.println(catalog); ItemOrder IO1 = new ItemOrder(I1, 4); ItemOrder IO2 = new ItemOrder(I2, 25); ItemOrder IO3 = new ItemOrder(I3, 5); ItemOrder IO32 = new ItemOrder(I3, 2); ItemOrder IO4 = new ItemOrder(I4, 13); ItemOrder IO5 = new ItemOrder(I5, 10); ItemOrder IO6 = new ItemOrder(I6, 9); ItemOrder IO7 = new ItemOrder(I7, 2); ItemOrder IO72 = new ItemOrder(I7, 0); ItemOrder IO8 = new ItemOrder(I8, 6); shopCart.add(IO1); shopCart.add(IO2); shopCart.add(IO3); shopCart.add(IO4); shopCart.add(IO5); shopCart.add(IO6); shopCart.add(IO7); shopCart.add(IO8); System.out.println("Your cart total cost is: "+ shopCart.getTotal()); shopCart.add(IO32); shopCart.add(IO72); System.out.println("Your cart total cost is: "+ shopCart.getTotal()); }}Output:Ayre Market offers 8 items:Item 1: Pepsi, $3.99Item 2: Apple, $1.99 (10 for $5.99)Item 3: Orange, $1.25Item 4: Cake, $0.99 (7 for $4.25)Item 5: Galaxy, $1.00Item 6: Twix, $1.00 (4 for $4.00)Item 7: Trident, $2.00Item 8: Chips, $0.50 (3 for $1.00)Your cart total cost is: 79.33Your cart total cost is: 71.58 PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS NOT AN ASSIGNMENT.

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